Kaumudi Teacher - Revision history

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	~~{{Orphan\|date=April 2011}}~~
	{{BLP sources\|date = January 2015}}		{{BLP sources\|date = January 2015}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2016}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2016}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2016}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2016}}
			'''Kaumudi teacher''' (16 July 1917, [[Vayakkara]] - 4 August 2009) was a Gandhian and an Indian freedom activist from [[Kannur]], [[Kerala]]. She was known for voluntarily donating her ornaments to Gandhi when the latter visited [[Vatakara]] on 14 January 1934 which was acknowledged by Gandhi when he wrote an article "Kaumudi's renunciation" in [[Young India]]. Kaumudi Teacher died on 4 August 2009 at [[Kadachira]] in Kannur.<ref name=":0">{{cite news\|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/05/stories/2009080557250900.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090809140629/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/05/stories/2009080557250900.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=2009-08-09\|title=Kaumudi teacher dead\|date=2008-08-05\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|accessdate=2009-08-07}}</ref>
	'''Kaumudi teacher''' (16 July 1917, [[Vayakkara]] - 4 August 2009) was a Gandhian and an Indian freedom activist from [[Kannur]], [[Kerala]]. She was known for voluntarily donating her ornaments to Gandhi when the latter visited [[Vatakara]] in 14 January 1934 which was acknowledged by Gandhi when he wrote an article "Kaumudi's renunciation" in [[Young India]]. Kaumudi Teacher died on 4 August 2009 at [[Kadachira]] in Kannur.<ref name=":0">{{cite news\|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/05/stories/2009080557250900.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090809140629/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/05/stories/2009080557250900.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=2009-08-09\|title=Kaumudi teacher dead\|date=2008-08-05\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|accessdate=2009-08-07}}</ref>

	== Early life ==		== Early life ==
	Kaumudi Teacher, ~~an ardent~~ [[Gandhism\|Gandhian]] ~~whose voluntary act of renunciation of her~~ gold ornaments to [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in the year 1934, for the cause of [[Indian independence movement\|freedom struggle]] ~~elevated her to an inspirational figure in the freedom movement~~.		Kaumudi Teacher, a [[Gandhism\|Gandhian]], renounced gold ornaments to [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in the year 1934, for the cause of [[Indian independence movement\|freedom struggle]].

	Kaumudi was born in a royal family to A K Ramavarma Raja and Devaki Kettilamma on May 17, 1917 at [[~~Vatakara~~]] in [[Kannur]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.indiansinkuwait.com/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=307&SECTION=0\|title=Eminent Gandhian Kaumudi teacher dead\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> She later began to take interest in the India freedom struggle and pledged to not wear ornaments after her act of renunciation for the cause of [[Harijan]]s in 1934.		Kaumudi was born in a royal family to A K Ramavarma Raja and Devaki Kettilamma on May 17, 1917, at [[Vayakkara]] in [[Kannur]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.indiansinkuwait.com/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=307&SECTION=0\|title=Eminent Gandhian Kaumudi teacher dead\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> She later began to take interest in the India freedom struggle and pledged to not wear ornaments after her act of renunciation for the cause of [[Harijan]]s in 1934.{{citation needed\|date= September 2022}}

	== Career ==		== Career ==
	After matriculation, she studied [[Hindi]] and got appointed as the first Hindi teacher in [[Malabar District\|Malabar]], at the Government Girls High School. A disciple of Vinobha Bhave, she had also been associated with the Bhoodhan Movement.		After matriculation, she studied [[Hindi]] and got appointed as the first Hindi teacher in [[Malabar District\|Malabar]], at the Government Girls High School. A disciple of Vinobha Bhave, she had also been associated with the Bhoodhan Movement.

	She retired from service in 1972 and worked in the ashram of [[Vinoba Bhave\|Vinobha Bhave]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]]. She was also a frequent visitor to [[Sevagram\|Sewagram]] and Paunar ashrams.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/eminent-gandhian-kaumudi-teacher-dead/663885\|title=Eminent Gandhian Kaumudi Teacher Dead\|work=outlookindia.com/\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> She later devoted herself to propagation of [[khadi]] and teaching Hindi and decided not to wear ornaments.<ref name=":1" /> Kaumudi ~~Teacher’s~~ heroic sacrifice has been included in text books as well. She remained unmarried and has been honoured by various Gandhian organizations.		She retired from service in 1972 and worked in the ashram of [[Vinoba Bhave\|Vinobha Bhave]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]]. She was also a frequent visitor to [[Sevagram\|Sewagram]] and Paunar ashrams.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/eminent-gandhian-kaumudi-teacher-dead/663885\|title=Eminent Gandhian Kaumudi Teacher Dead\|work=outlookindia.com/\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> She later devoted herself to propagation of [[khadi]] and teaching Hindi and decided not to wear ornaments.<ref name=":1" /> Kaumudi Teacher's heroic sacrifice has been included in text books as well. She remained unmarried and has been honoured by various Gandhian organizations.

	== Kaumudi's renunciation ==		== Kaumudi's renunciation ==
	Gandhi had been on a visit to Vatakara on January 14, 1934, in connection with the fund raising for the Harijan Sahaya Samithi.{{citation needed\|date=August 2017}} Answering ~~Gandhi’s~~ appeal for donation, Kaumudi Teacher gave her gold ornaments to him for the larger cause of the Indian freedom movement. She was only 17 years of age at the time. Her sacrifice was acknowledged by Gandhi in his article titled, ‘Kaumudi’s Renunciation,'<ref name=":2">{{Cite web\|url=http://in.iofc.org/node/204\|title=Kaumudi's Renunciation {{!}} IofC India\|website=in.iofc.org\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> which was published in 'Young India.'{{citation needed\|date=August 2017}} This text was later translated to all Indian languages and made part of school syllabus.		Gandhi had been on a visit to Vatakara on January 14, 1934, in connection with the fund raising for the Harijan Sahaya Samithi.{{citation needed\|date=August 2017}} Answering Gandhi's appeal for donation, Kaumudi Teacher gave her gold ornaments to him for the larger cause of the Indian freedom movement. She was only 17 years of age at the time. Her sacrifice was acknowledged by Gandhi in his article titled, ‘Kaumudi’s Renunciation,'<ref name=":2">{{Cite web\|url=http://in.iofc.org/node/204\|title=Kaumudi's Renunciation {{!}} IofC India\|website=in.iofc.org\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> which was published in 'Young India.'{{citation needed\|date=August 2017}} This text was later translated to all Indian languages and made part of school syllabus.

	In his article, Gandhi mentions gives an account of the events that had transpired on the day the renunciation was made. After Gandhi finished giving his speech at [[Badagara]], he had made a reasoned appeal to the women present for jewellery to be donated for raising funds for the Harijan Sahaya Nidhi. Following the speech, Kaumudi took out one bangle and asked Gandhi if he would give his autograph. He was preparing to give it, when off came the other bangle, she had only one on each hand. Upon seeing this, Gandhi said, “You need not give me both, I shall give you the autograph for one bangle only.” She replied by taking off her golden necklace, even as she struggled to disengage it from her long plait of hair, in which the necklace was entangled. She did so, in the presence of a large gathering of both men and women. Upon being asked by Gandhi, on whether she had had the permission of her parents to donate the jewellery, she gave no answer and went ahead in also donating her earring. Gandhi later claims to have found out that her father too was as generous as her, in fact he too was a part of the meeting and was even helping in bidding for the addresses that Gandhi was auctioning.		In his article, Gandhi mentions gives an account of the events that had transpired on the day the renunciation was made.{{citation needed\|date= September 2022}} After Gandhi finished giving his speech at [[Badagara]], he had made a reasoned appeal to the women present for jewellery to be donated for raising funds for the Harijan Sahaya Nidhi. Following the speech, Kaumudi took out one bangle and asked Gandhi if he would give his autograph. He was preparing to give it, when off came the other bangle, she had only one on each hand. Upon seeing this, Gandhi said, “You need not give me both, I shall give you the autograph for one bangle only.”{{citation needed\|date= September 2022}} She replied by taking off her golden necklace, even as she struggled to disengage it from her long plait of hair, in which the necklace was entangled. She did so, in the presence of a large gathering of both men and women. Upon being asked by Gandhi, on whether she had had the permission of her parents to donate the jewellery, she gave no answer and went ahead in also donating her earring.{{citation needed\|date= September 2022}} Gandhi later claims to have found out that her father too was as generous as her, in fact he too was a part of the meeting and was even helping in bidding for the addresses that Gandhi was auctioning.
	Gandhi then scribbled in an autograph for her, <nowiki>''Tumhara tyag tumhara bhushan hoga.''</nowiki> <ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/17869/girl-moved-gandhi-no-more.html\|title=The girl who moved Gandhi is no more\|website=Deccan Herald\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> As he handed her the autograph, he prefaced it with the remark, “Your renunciation is a truer ornament than the jewellery you have discarded."<ref name=":2" />		Gandhi then scribbled in an autograph for her, <nowiki>''Tumhara tyag tumhara bhushan hoga.''</nowiki> <ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/17869/girl-moved-gandhi-no-more.html\|title=The girl who moved Gandhi is no more\|website=Deccan Herald\|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> As he handed her the autograph, he prefaced it with the remark, “Your renunciation is a truer ornament than the jewellery you have discarded."<ref name=":2" />

	== Death and legacy ==		== Death and legacy ==
	Kaumudi Teacher died 4 August 2009 in Kannur at the age of 92, due to her failing health.{{citation needed\|date=August 2017}} She died a spinster at her ~~brother’s~~ residence at Kadachira, after struggling with age-related health problems.<ref name=":0" /> On the day of cremation, many a people gathered to pay their respects to her. A contingent of police personnel also offered a gun salute before the body of the 92-year-old Gandhian was taken for cremation. The ceremony observed, the Additional District Magistrate Sudheer Babu also placing a wreath on behalf of Chief Minister V.S. [[V. S. Achuthanandan\|Achuthanandan]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Kaumudi-Teacher-cremated/article16527978.ece\|title=Kaumudi Teacher cremated\|work=The Hindu\|access-date=2017-08-19\|language=en}}</ref>		Kaumudi Teacher died 4 August 2009 in Kannur at the age of 92, due to her failing health.{{citation needed\|date=August 2017}} She died a spinster at her brother's residence at Kadachira, after struggling with age-related health problems.<ref name=":0" /> On the day of cremation, many a people gathered to pay their respects to her. A contingent of police personnel also offered a gun salute before the body of the 92-year-old Gandhian was taken for cremation. The ceremony observed, the Additional District Magistrate Sudheer Babu also placing a wreath on behalf of Chief Minister V.S. [[V. S. Achuthanandan\|Achuthanandan]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Kaumudi-Teacher-cremated/article16527978.ece\|title=Kaumudi Teacher cremated\|work=The Hindu\|access-date=2017-08-19\|language=en}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

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2021-06-21T14:46:57Z

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{{Orphan|date=April 2011}}
{{BLP sources|date = January 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}

'''Kaumudi teacher''' (16 July 1917, [[Vayakkara]] - 4 August 2009) was a Gandhian and an Indian freedom activist from [[Kannur]], [[Kerala]]. She was known for voluntarily donating her ornaments to Gandhi when the latter visited [[Vatakara]] in 14 January 1934 which was acknowledged by Gandhi when he wrote an article "Kaumudi's renunciation" in [[Young India]]. Kaumudi Teacher died on 4 August 2009 at [[Kadachira]] in Kannur.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/05/stories/2009080557250900.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090809140629/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/05/stories/2009080557250900.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-08-09|title=Kaumudi teacher dead|date=2008-08-05|work=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=2009-08-07}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Kaumudi Teacher, an ardent [[Gandhism|Gandhian]] whose voluntary act of renunciation of her gold ornaments to [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in the year 1934, for the cause of [[Indian independence movement|freedom struggle]] elevated her to an inspirational figure in the freedom movement.

Kaumudi was born in a royal family to A K Ramavarma Raja and Devaki Kettilamma on May 17, 1917 at [[Vatakara]] in [[Kannur]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiansinkuwait.com/ShowArticle.aspx?ID=307&SECTION=0|title=Eminent Gandhian Kaumudi teacher dead|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> She later began to take interest in the India freedom struggle and pledged to not wear ornaments after her act of renunciation for the cause of [[Harijan]]s in 1934.

== Career ==
After matriculation, she studied [[Hindi]] and got appointed as the first Hindi teacher in [[Malabar District|Malabar]], at the Government Girls High School. A disciple of Vinobha Bhave, she had also been associated with the Bhoodhan Movement.

She retired from service in 1972 and worked in the ashram of [[Vinoba Bhave|Vinobha Bhave]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]]. She was also a frequent visitor to [[Sevagram|Sewagram]] and Paunar ashrams.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/eminent-gandhian-kaumudi-teacher-dead/663885|title=Eminent Gandhian Kaumudi Teacher Dead|work=outlookindia.com/|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> She later devoted herself to propagation of [[khadi]] and teaching Hindi and decided not to wear ornaments.<ref name=":1" /> Kaumudi Teacher’s heroic sacrifice has been included in text books as well. She remained unmarried and has been honoured by various Gandhian organizations.

== Kaumudi's renunciation ==
Gandhi had been on a visit to Vatakara on January 14, 1934, in connection with the fund raising for the Harijan Sahaya Samithi.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} Answering Gandhi’s appeal for donation, Kaumudi Teacher gave her gold ornaments to him for the larger cause of the Indian freedom movement. She was only 17 years of age at the time. Her sacrifice was acknowledged by Gandhi in his article titled, ‘Kaumudi’s Renunciation,'<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://in.iofc.org/node/204|title=Kaumudi's Renunciation {{!}} IofC India|website=in.iofc.org|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> which was published in 'Young India.'{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} This text was later translated to all Indian languages and made part of school syllabus.

In his article, Gandhi mentions gives an account of the events that had transpired on the day the renunciation was made. After Gandhi finished giving his speech at [[Badagara]], he had made a reasoned appeal to the women present for jewellery to be donated for raising funds for the Harijan Sahaya Nidhi. Following the speech, Kaumudi took out one bangle and asked Gandhi if he would give his autograph. He was preparing to give it, when off came the other bangle, she had only one on each hand. Upon seeing this, Gandhi said, “You need not give me both, I shall give you the autograph for one bangle only.” She replied by taking off her golden necklace, even as she struggled to disengage it from her long plait of hair, in which the necklace was entangled. She did so, in the presence of a large gathering of both men and women. Upon being asked by Gandhi, on whether she had had the permission of her parents to donate the jewellery, she gave no answer and went ahead in also donating her earring. Gandhi later claims to have found out that her father too was as generous as her, in fact he too was a part of the meeting and was even helping in bidding for the addresses that Gandhi was auctioning.
Gandhi then scribbled in an autograph for her, <nowiki>''Tumhara tyag tumhara bhushan hoga.''</nowiki> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/17869/girl-moved-gandhi-no-more.html|title=The girl who moved Gandhi is no more|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=2017-08-19}}</ref> As he handed her the autograph, he prefaced it with the remark, “Your renunciation is a truer ornament than the jewellery you have discarded."<ref name=":2" />

== Death and legacy ==
Kaumudi Teacher died 4 August 2009 in Kannur at the age of 92, due to her failing health.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} She died a spinster at her brother’s residence at Kadachira, after struggling with age-related health problems.<ref name=":0" /> On the day of cremation, many a people gathered to pay their respects to her. A contingent of police personnel also offered a gun salute before the body of the 92-year-old Gandhian was taken for cremation. The ceremony observed, the Additional District Magistrate Sudheer Babu also placing a wreath on behalf of Chief Minister V.S. [[V. S. Achuthanandan|Achuthanandan]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Kaumudi-Teacher-cremated/article16527978.ece|title=Kaumudi Teacher cremated|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-08-19|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Teacher, Kaumudi}}
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian rebels]]
[[Category:People from Kannur district]]
[[Category:1917 births]]
[[Category:2009 deaths]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:Women Indian independence activists]]
[[Category:Women in Kerala politics]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Kerala]]