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{{Short description|Ancient Indian tribe}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{primary sources|date=November 2009}}
{{cite check|date=September 2009}}
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{{Infobox country
|native_name =
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Kamboja
|common_name = Kambojas
|era = [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]]
|government_type = [[Monarchy]]
|year_start = c. 700 BCE
|year_end = c. 300 BCE
|s1 =
|image_map = Mahajanapadas_(c._500_BCE).png
| image_map_alt =
|image_map_caption = Kambojas and other Mahājanapadas in the Post-[[Vedic period]].
|leader1 =
|capital = [[Rajapura (Kamboja)|Rajapura]]
|common_languages = [[Sanskrit]]
|religion = [[Hinduism]]<br/>[[Buddhism]]<br/>[[Jainism]]
|currency =
|title_leader= [[Maharaja]]
|today =
}}
[[File:Map of Vedic India.png|thumb|Vedic period India, with the Kamboja on the northwest border]]
[[File:North India in 540 BCE.png|thumb|Map depicting 16 [[mahajanapada]]s kingdoms and other kingdoms of Vedic era India in 540 BCE. (Kamboja at top left)]]
{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}
The '''Kambojas''' were a tribe of [[Iron Age India]], frequently mentioned in [[Sanskrit literature|Sanskrit]] and [[Pali literature]]. The tribe coalesced to become one of the ''shodhasha'' (sixteen) [[Mahajanapadas]] (great kingdoms) of [[ancient India]] mentioned in the ''[[Anguttara Nikaya]]''.

==Kambojas in Manusmriti==
The Manusmriti predominantly discusses the code of conduct (dharma rules) for the Brahmins (priestly class) and the Kshatriyas (king, administration and warrior class).The text mentions Shudras, as well as Vaishyas, but this part is its shortest section. Sections 9.326 – 9.335 of the Manusmriti state eight rules for Vaishyas and two for Shudras.

In section 10.43 - 10.44 Manu gives a list of Kshatriya tribes who, through neglect of the priests and their rites, had fallen to the status of [[Shudra]]s. These are: [[Maulika Kayastha|Karanas]],Pundrakas, [[Odra Kingdom|Odras]], [[Dravidas]], [[Kambojas]], [[Yavanas]], [[Sakas]], [[Paradas]], [[Pahlavas]], [[Chinas]], [[Kiratas]] and [[Daradas]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Baldwin|first=John Denison|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oz5HAQAAMAAJ&q=shudras+Cinas%2C+Kir%C4%81tas+and+Daradas&pg=PA290|title=Pre-historic Nations: Or, Inquiries Concerning Some of the Great Peoples and Civilizations of Antiquity, and Their Probable Relation to a Still Older Civilization of the Ethiopians Or Cushites of Arabia|date=1871|publisher=Harper|language=en|isbn=1340096080 |page=290}}</ref>

==Ethnicity and language==
The ancient Kambojas were probably of [[Indo-Iranians|Indo-Iranian]] origin.<ref>Dwivedi 1977: 287 "The Kambojas were probably the descendants of the Indo-Iranians popularly known later on as the Sassanians and Parthians who occupied parts of north-western India in the first and second centuries of the Christian era."</ref> They are sometimes specifically described as Indo-Aryans<ref name="Mishra 1987">Mishra 1987</ref>{{Page needed|date=August 2014}}<ref>Ramesh Chandra Majumdar, Achut Dattatrya Pusalker, A. K. Majumdar, Dilip Kumar Ghose, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Vishvanath Govind Dighe. ''[[The History and Culture of the Indian People]]'', 1962, p 264,</ref>{{Volume needed|issue=no|date=August 2014}}<ref name="Political History of Ancient India">"Political History of Ancient India", [[Hem Chandra Raychaudhuri|H. C. Raychaudhuri]], B. N. Mukerjee, University of Calcutta, 1996.</ref> and sometimes as having both Indian and Iranian affinities.<ref name="See p 138">See: Vedic Index of names & subjects by Arthur Anthony Macdonnel, Arthur. B Keath, I.84, p 138.</ref><ref name="Refs 1970, p 107">See more Refs: Ethnology of Ancient Bhārata, 1970, p 107, Ram Chandra Jain; The Journal of Asian Studies, 1956, p 384, Association for Asian Studies, Far Eastern Association (U.S.)</ref><ref>''India as Known to Pāṇini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī'', 1953, p 49, Vasudeva Sharana Agrawala; Afghanistan, p 58, W. K. Fraser, M. C. Gillet; ''Afghanistan, its People, its Society, its Culture'', Donal N. Wilber, 1962, p 80, 311</ref> The Kambojas are also described as a royal clan of the [[Sakas]].<ref>Walker and Tapp 2001</ref>

==Origins==
The earliest reference to the Kambojas is in the works of [[Pāṇini]], around the 5th century BCE. Other pre-[[Common Era]] references appear in the ''[[Manusmriti]]'' (2nd century) and parts of the ''[[Mahabharata]]'', both of which described the Kambojas as former kshatriyas (warrior caste) who had degraded through a failure to abide by Brahmanical sacred rituals.<ref name="West">''Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania'', Barbara A. West, Infobase Publishing (2009), {{ISBN|9781438119137}} p. 359</ref> Their territories were located beyond [[Gandhara]] in present day eastern [[Afghanistan]], where Buddha statues were built during the reign of [[Ashoka]]<ref>Encyclopaedia Indica, "The Kambojas: Land and its Identification", First Edition, 1998 New Delhi, page 528</ref> and the 3rd century BCE. The ''[[Edicts of Ashoka]]'' refers to the area under Kamboja control as being independent of the [[Mauryan empire]] in which it was situated.<ref name="West" />

Some sections of the Kambojas crossed the [[Hindu Kush]] and planted Kamboja colonies in [[Paropamisadae]] and as far as [[Rajauri]]. The ''Mahabharata'' locates the Kambojas on the near side of the Hindu Kush as neighbors to the [[Daradas]], and the [[Parama-Kamboja]]s across the Hindu Kush as neighbors to the [[Rishikas]] (or [[Tukhara]]s) of the [[Ferghana]] region.<ref name="Sethna 2000">Sethna, K. D. (2000) ''Problems of Ancient India'', New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. {{ISBN|81-7742-026-7}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=August 2014}}<ref>Numerous scholars have located the Kamboja realm on the southern side of the Hindu Kush ranges in the [[Kabul Valley|Kabul]], [[Swat Valley|Swat]], and [[Kunar Valley]]s, and the Parama-Kambojas in the territories on the north side of the Hindu Kush in modern-day [[Pamir Mountains|Pamir]] and [[Badakhshan]] region in Tajikistan. See: Geographical and Economic Studies in the Mahābhārata: Upāyana Parva, 1945, p 11-13, Moti Chandra - India; ''Geographical Data in the Early Purāṇas: A Critical Study'', 1972, p 165/66, M. R. Singh</ref><ref>''Purana'', Vol VI, No 1, January 1964, p 207 sqq; ''Inscriptions of Asoka: Translation and Glossary'', 1990, p 86, Beni Madhab Barua, Binayendra Nath Chaudhury - Inscriptions, Prakrit).</ref>

The confederation of the Kambojas may have stretched from the valley of Rajauri in the south-western part of Kashmir to the Hindu Kush Range; in the south–west the borders extended probably as far as the regions of Kabul, Ghazni and Kandahar, with the nucleus in the area north-east of the present day Kabul, between the Hindu Kush Range and the [[Kunar River]], including [[Kingdom of Kapisa|Kapisa]].<ref>The Peoples of Pakistan: An Ethnic History, 1971, pp 64-67, Yuri Vladimirovich Gankovski - Ethnology.</ref><ref>History of the Pathans, 2002, p 11, Haroon Rashid - Pushtuns.</ref><ref>[[Michael Witzel]] Persica-9, p 92, fn 81.</ref> However, others have located the Kambojas and the Parama-Kambojas in the areas spanning [[Balkh]], [[Badakshan]], the Pamirs and [[Kafiristan]].<ref>Asoka and His Inscriptions, 1968, pp 93-96, Beni Madhab Barua, Ishwar Nath Topa.</ref> [[D. C. Sircar]] supposed them to have lived "in various settlements in the wide area lying between Punjab, Iran, to the south of Balkh."<ref>{{cite book |title=Studies in the Geography of Ancient and Medieval India |year=1971 |page=100 |first=D. C. |last=Sircar |isbn=9788120806900 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AqKw1Mn8WcwC&pg=PA100}}</ref> and the Parama-Kamboja even farther north, in the Trans-Pamirian territories comprising the [[Zeravshan]] valley, towards the Farghana region, in the [[Scythia]] of the classical writers.<ref name="Mishra 1987"/>{{Page needed|date=August 2014}}<ref>See: ''Proceedings and Transactions of the All-India Oriental Conference'', 1930, p 118, J. C. Vidyalankara</ref><ref>''The Deeds of Harsha: Being a Cultural Study of Bāṇa's Harshacharita'', 1969, p 199, Vasudeva Sharana Agrawala</ref> The mountainous region between the [[Oxus]] and [[Jaxartes]] in present day [[Tajikistan]] is also suggested as the location of the ancient Kambojas.<ref>''Central Asiatic Provinces of the Mauryan Empire'', p 403, H. C. Seth; See also: ''Indian Historical Quarterly'', Vol. XIII, 1937, No 3, p. 400; ''Journal of the Asiatic Society'', 1940, p 37, (India) Asiatic Society (Calcutta, Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal - Asia; cf: ''History and Archaeology of India's Contacts with Other Countries, from Earliest Times to 300 B.C.'', 176, p 152, Shashi P. Asthana; ''Mahabharata Myth and Reality'', 1976, p 232, Swarajya Prakash Gupta, K. S. Ramachandran. Cf also: ''India and Central Asia'', p 25 etc, P. C. Bagchi.</ref>

The name ''Kamboja'' may derive from (''Kam + bhoj'' "Kamma+boja"), referring to the people of a country known as "Kum" or "Kam". The mountainous highlands where the Jaxartes and its confluents arise are called the highlands of the [[Komedes]] by Ptolemy. [[Ammianus Marcellinus]] also names these mountains as ''Komedas''.<ref>''Indian Historical Quarterly'', 1963, p 403; Central Asiatic provinces of the Maurya Empire, p403, H.C. Seth</ref><ref>''History and Archaeology of India's Contacts with Other Countries, from Earliest Times to 300 B.C.'', 1976, p 152, Shashi Asthana; ''Mahabharata Myth and Reality'', 1976, p 232, Swarajya Prakash Gupta, K. S. Ramachandran.</ref><ref>"The Town of Darwaz in Badakshan is still called Khum (Kum) or Kala-i-Khum. It stands for the valley of Basht. The name Khum or Kum conceals the relics of ancient Kamboja" (''Journal of the Asiatic Society'', 1956, p 256, Buddha Prakash [Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India), Asiatic Society of Bengal]).</ref> The ''Kiu-mi-to'' in the writings of [[Xuanzang]] have also been identified with the ''Komudha-dvipa'' of the [[Puranic]] literature and the Iranian Kambojas.<ref>''India and the World'', p 71, Buddha Prakash; also see: ''Central Asiatic Provinces of Maurya Empire'', p 403, H. C. Seth; ''India and Central Asia'', p 25, P. C. Bagchi</ref><ref>''Journal of the Asiatic Society'', 1956, p 256, Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India), Asiatic Society of Bengal.</ref>

The two Kamboja settlements on either side of the Hindu Kush are also substantiated from Ptolemy's [[Geography]], which refers to the ''Tambyzoi'' located north of the Hindu Kush on the river Oxus in [[Bactria]], and the ''Ambautai'' people on the southern side of Hindukush in the Paropamisadae.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} Scholars have identified both the Ptolemian ''Tambyzoi'' and ''Ambautai'' with Sanskrit ''Kamboja''.<ref name="Sethna 2000"/><ref name="Talbert 2000, p. 99">Talbert 2000, p. 99</ref><ref>For Tambyzoi=Kamboja, see refs: Pre Aryan and Pre Dravidian in India, 1993, p 122, Sylvain Lévi, Jean Przyluski, Jules Bloch, Asian Educational Services; Cities and Civilization, 1962, p 172, Govind Sadashiv Ghurye</ref><ref>For Ambautai=Kamboja, see Witzel 1999a</ref><ref>Patton and Bryant 2005, p. 257</ref>

Scholars, such as [[Ernst Herzfeld]], have suggested etymological links between some Indo-Aryan ethnonyms and some geonyms used by [[Iranian language|Iranian]]-speaking peoples of the [[Caucasus Mountains]] and [[Caspian Sea|Caspian]] basin. In particular, Kamboja somewhat resembles the hydronym ''Kambujiya'' – the Iranian name for the [[Iori (river)|Iori/Gabirri]] river (modern Georgia/Azerbaijan). ''Kambujiya'' is also the root of [[Cambysene]] (an archaic name for the [[Kakheti]]/[[Balakan District|Balakan]] regions of Georgia and Azerbaijan) and the Persian personal name [[Cambyses I|Cambyses]]. (A similar link is suggested between the [[Kura (Caspian Sea)|Kura River]], which is near the Iori, and the name of the [[Kuru Kingdom|Kurus]] and [[Kaurava]] mentioned in [[Vedas|Vedic literature]].)<ref>Histoire Auguste: Pt. 2. Vies des deux Valérines et des deux Galliens, 2000, p 90, Ammn Marcellin, Jean Pierre Callu, O. Desbordes (''Les hydronymes de Transcaucasie, en question ici, auraient pu, dès lors, aussi dériver aussi de ces ethniques, lors de l'extension des tribus iraniennes vers le Nord de la Médie, et non pas de ces souverains achéménides — dont la présente légende répond mieux à l'ingéniosité «heurématique» des Grecs'')</ref> Although considered to be an attractive assumption, Herzfeld's hypothesis is viewed as doubtful by modern-day academics.<ref>{{Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=Chaumont|first=Marie Louise|title=CAMBYSENE|volume=4|fascicle=7|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/cambysene|page=726}}</ref>

==Kambojan States==
The capital of Kamboja was probably [[Rajapura (Kamboja)|Rajapura]] (modern [[Rajauri]]). The Kamboja [[Mahajanapada]] of Buddhist traditions refers to this branch.<ref>See: Problems of Ancient India, 2000, p 5-6; cf: Geographical Data in the Early Puranas, p 168.</ref>

[[Kautiliya]]'s ''[[Arthashastra]]'' and [[Ashoka]]'s Edict No. XIII attest that the Kambojas followed a republican constitution. Pāṇini's Sutras tend to convey that the Kamboja of Pāṇini was a "Kshatriya monarchy", but "the special rule and the exceptional form of derivative" he gives to denote the ruler of the Kambojas implies that the king of Kamboja was a titular head (''king consul'') only.<ref>''Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times'', Parts I and II., 1955, p 52, Dr Kashi Prasad Jayaswal - Constitutional history; Prācīna Kamboja, jana aura janapada =: Ancient Kamboja, people and country, 1981, Dr Jiyālāla Kāmboja - Kamboja (Pakistan).</ref> One king of Kamboja was [[King Srindra Varmana Kamboj]].<ref>Studies in Skanda Purana, 1978, p 59, A. B. L. Awasthi.</ref>

===The Aśvakas===
{{main|Aśvakas}}

The Kambojas were famous in ancient times for their excellent breed of horses and as remarkable horsemen located in the ''Uttarapatha'' or north-west.<ref>The Indian Historical Quarterly, 1963, p 103</ref><ref name="hindupolity">Hindu Polity, 1978, pp 121, 140, K. P. Jayswal.</ref> They were constituted into military ''[[Sangha (Buddhism)|sanghas]]'' and corporations to manage their political and military affairs.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} The Kamboja cavalry offered their military services to other nations as well. There are numerous references to Kamboja having been requisitioned as cavalry troopers in ancient wars by outside nations.<ref>War in Ancient India, 1944, p 178, V. R. Ramachandra Dikshitar - Military art and science.</ref><ref>The Indian Historical Quarterly, 1963, p 103; The Achaemenids in India, 1950, p 47, Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya; Poona Orientalist: A Quarterly Journal Devoted to Oriental Studies, 1945, P i, (edi) Har Dutt Sharma; The Poona Orientalist, 1936, p 13, Sanskrit philology</ref>

It was on account of their supreme position in horse (''Ashva'') culture that the ancient Kambojas were also popularly known as ''[[Ashvaka]]s'', i.e. horsemen. Their clans in the [[Kunar Valley|Kunar]] and [[Swat River|Swat]] valleys have been referred to as ''Assakenoi'' and ''Aspasioi'' in classical writings, and ''Ashvakayanas'' and ''Ashvayanas'' in Pāṇini's ''Ashtadhyayi''.

{{quote|The Kambojas were famous for their horses and as cavalry-men (aśva-yuddha-Kuśalah), Aśvakas, 'horsemen', was the term popularly applied to them... The Aśvakas inhabited Eastern Afghanistan, and were included within the more general term Kambojas.|K.P.Jayswal<ref name="hindupolity" />}}

{{quote|Elsewhere Kamboja is regularly mentioned as "the country of horses" (Asvanam ayatanam), and it was perhaps this well-established reputation that won for the horsebreeders of Bajaur and Swat the designation Aspasioi (from the Old Pali aspa) and assakenoi (from the Sanskrit asva "horse").|[[Etienne Lamotte]]<ref>"Par ailleurs le Kamboja est régulièrement mentionné comme la "patrie des chevaux" (Asvanam ayatanam), et cette reputation bien etablie gagné peut-etre aux eleveurs de chevaux du Bajaur et du Swat l'appellation d'Aspasioi (du v.-p. aspa) et d'assakenoi (du skt asva "cheval")". E. Lamotte, ''Historie du Bouddhisme Indien'', p. 110. (WP translation. Quotation should be taken from the published English translation: Lamotte 1988, p. 100)</ref>}}

===Conflict with Alexander===
The Kambojas entered into conflict with [[Alexander the Great]] as he invaded Central Asia. The Macedonian conqueror made short shrift of the arrangements of [[Darius the Great|Darius]] and after over-running the Achaemenid Empire he dashed into today's eastern [[Afghanistan]] and western Pakistan. There he encountered resistance from the Kamboja ''Aspasioi'' and ''Assakenoi'' tribes.<ref>Panjab Past and Present, pp 9-10; also see: History of Porus, pp 12, 38, Buddha Parkash</ref><ref>Proceedings, 1965, p 39, by Punjabi University. Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies - History.</ref>

The Ashvayans (Aspasioi) were also good cattle breeders and agriculturists. This is clear from the large number of bullocks that Alexander captured from them – 230,000 according to [[Arrian]]<ref>De Sélincourt, A., & Hamilton, J. (1971, 2003). Arrian: The Campaigns of Alexander. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Book IV, pp. 244</ref> – some of which were of a size and shape superior to what the [[Ancient Macedonians|Macedonian]]s had known, and which Alexander decided to send to Macedonia for agriculture.<ref name="Punjab">''History of Punjab'', 1997, Editors: Fauja Singh, L. M. Joshi</ref><ref>Acharya 2001, p 91</ref>

==Migrations==

During the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE, clans of the Kambojas from Central Asia in alliance with the Sakas, [[Pahlavas]] and the [[Yavanas]] entered present-day India, spreading into Sindhu, Saurashtra, Malwa, Rajasthan, Punjab and Surasena, and set up independent principalities in western and south-western India. Later, a branch of the same people took Gauda and Varendra territories from the [[Pala empire|Palas]] and established the [[Kamboja-Pala Dynasty]] of Bengal in Eastern India.<ref>''Geographical Data in the Early Purāṇas: A Critical Study'', 1972, p 168, M. R. Singh - India.</ref><ref>''History of Ceylon'', 1959, p 91, Ceylon University, University of Ceylon, Peradeniya, Hem Chandra Ray, K. M. De Silva.</ref><ref>Pande (R.) 1984, p. 93</ref>

There are references to the hordes of the Sakas, Yavanas, Kambojas, and Pahlavas in the [[Bala Kanda]] of the [[Valmiki Ramayana]]. In these verses one may see glimpses of the struggles of the Hindus with the invading hordes from the north-west.<ref name="Political History of Ancient India"/><ref>Shrava 1981, p. 12</ref><ref>Rishi, 1982, p. 100</ref> The royal family of the [[Kamuia]]s mentioned in the [[Mathura Lion Capital]] are believed to be linked to the royal house of [[Taxila]] in [[Gandhara]].<ref>See: ''Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum'', Vol II, Part I, p xxxvi; see also p 36, [[Sten Konow]]; ''Indian Culture'', 1934, p 193, Indian Research Institute; Cf: ''Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland'', 1990, p 142, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland - Middle East.</ref> In the medieval era, the Kambojas are known to have seized north-west Bengal (''Gauda'' and ''Radha'') from the [[Pala Empire|Palas]] of [[Bengal]] and established their own [[Kamboja Dynasty of Bengal|Kamboja-Pala Dynasty]]. Indian texts like ''[[Markandeya Purana]]'', ''Vishnu Dharmottari'' ''Agni Purana'',<ref>''Indian Historical Quarterly'', 1963, p 127</ref>

===Eastern Kambojas===
{{see also|Kamboja-Pala Dynasty of Bengal}}
A branch of Kambojas seems to have migrated eastwards towards [[Nepal]] and [[Tibet]] in the wake of [[Kushana]] (1st century) or else [[Huna people|Huna]] (5th century) pressure and hence their notice in the chronicles of Tibet ("Kam-po-tsa, Kam-po-ce, Kam-po-ji") and [[Nepal]] (Kambojadesa).<ref>Shastri and Choudhury 1982, p. 112</ref><ref>B. C. Sen, ''Some Historical Aspects of the Inscriptions of Bengal'', p. 342, fn 1</ref> The 5th-century ''[[Brahma Purana]]'' mentions the Kambojas around [[Pragjyotisha]] and [[Tamraliptika]].<ref>M. R. Singh, ''A Critical Study of the Geographical Data in the Early Puranas'', p. 168</ref><ref>Ganguly 1994, p. 72, fn 168</ref><ref>H. C. Ray, ''The Dynastic History of Northern India'', I, p. 309</ref><ref>A. D. Pusalkar, [[R. C. Majumdar]] et al., ''History and Culture of Indian People'', Imperial Kanauj, p. 323,</ref>{{Volume needed|issue=no|date=December 2015}}

{{quote|The Kambojas of ancient India are known to have been living in north-west, but in this period (9th century AD), they are known to have been living in the north-east India also, and very probably, it was meant Tibet.<ref>R. R. Diwarkar (ed.), ''Bihar Through the Ages'', 1958, p. 312</ref>}}

The last Kambojas ruler of the Kamboja-Pala Dynasty Dharmapala was defeated by the south Indian Emperor [[Rajendra Chola I]] of the [[Chola dynasty]] in the 11th century.<ref>Ancient Indian History and Civilization by Sailendra Nath Sen p.281</ref><ref>The Cambridge Shorter History of India p.145</ref>

==Mauryan period==
{{see also|Maurya Empire}}
The Kambojas find prominent mention as a unit in the 3rd-century BCE [[Edicts of Ashoka]]. Rock Edict XIII tells us that the Kambojas had enjoyed autonomy under the Mauryas.<ref name="Political History of Ancient India"/>{{Page needed|date=June 2016}}<ref>H. C. Raychaudhury, B. N. Mukerjee; Asoka and His Inscriptions, 3d Ed, 1968, p 149, Beni Madhab Barua, Ishwar Nath Topa.</ref> The republics mentioned in Rock Edict V are the [[Yona]]s, Kambojas, [[Gandhara]]s, Nabhakas and the Nabhapamkitas. They are designated as ''araja. vishaya'' in Rock Edict XIII, which means that they were kingless, i.e. republican polities. In other words, the Kambojas formed a self-governing political unit under the Maurya emperors.<ref>Hindu Polity, A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times, 1978, p 117-121, K. P. Jayswal; Ancient India, 2003, pp 839-40, V. D. Mahajan; Northern India, p 42, Mehta Vasisitha Dev Mohan etc</ref><ref>Bimbisāra to Aśoka: With an Appendix on the Later Mauryas, 1977, p 123, Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya.</ref>

[[Ashoka]] sent missionaries to the Kambojas to convert them to [[Buddhism]], and recorded this fact in his Rock Edict V.<ref>The North-west India of the Second Century B.C., 1974, p 40, Mehta Vasishtha Dev Mohan - India; Tribes in Ancient India, 1973, p 7</ref><ref>Yar-Shater 1983, p. 951</ref>

==See also==
* [[Etymology of Cambodia]]
* [[Etymology of Kapisa]]
* [[Kom people (Afghanistan)]]
* [[Kom people (India)]]
* [[Kamboj]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

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==External links==
* [http://www.kambojsociety.com/kamboja-ancient-kamboj-country.html Kamboj Society - Ancient Kamboja Country]

{{Ancient India and Central Asia}}
{{Tribes and kingdoms of the Mahabharata}}
{{Mahajanapada |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Kambojas| ]]
[[Category:Historical Iranian peoples]]
[[Category:Kingdoms in the Mahabharata]]
[[Category:Ancient history of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Ancient history of Pakistan]]

Kambojas - Revision history

MatthewEbner: refine intro based on references and fixed typos

UpdateBot at 22:02, 24 June 2022

>Pasquale: /* Origins */capitalized