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{{short description|Indian scientist (born 1942)}}

{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Indian name|Kalyanaraman S}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Kalyanaraman S
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|06|10|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Mudikondan]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| field = Space Research
| work_institution = [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] <br> [[Dayananda Sagar Institutions]]
| alma_mater = [[Madras Institute of Technology]] <br> [[University of Florida]]
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Satellite development
| prizes = Performance excellence award
| religion =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Kalyanaraman S ''' <ref name="S.Kalyanaraman ISRO">{{Cite web |url=https://www.inae.in/storage/2018/12/Prof-S-Kalyanaraman-My-Experiences-March-2014.pdf |title= S.Kalyanaraman ISRO |date=2016 |publisher=[[Indian National Academy of Engineering]]}}</ref> (born June 10, 1942) is a retired scientist/engineer from [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (I.S.R.O), who served in different positions with increasing responsibilities for the development of various satellite projects of experimental and operational nature. He worked with Prof.[[Udupi Ramachandra Rao]], Dr. [[Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan]] and Dr. [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]. After his long tenure in I.S.R.O, he moved to the field of education, providing technical education to students. He also became a writer, writing on various topics.

==Career==
* Indian Space Research Organisation (I.S.R.O) in different capacities from January 1972 to June 2002<ref name="S.Kalyanaraman ISRO">{{Cite web |url=https://www.inae.in/storage/2018/12/Prof-S-Kalyanaraman-My-Experiences-March-2014.pdf |title= S.Kalyanaraman ISRO |date=2016 |publisher=[[Indian National Academy of Engineering]]}}</ref>
* Professor, [[Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering]], Bangalore, 2003–2012.<ref name="S.Kalyanaraman ISRO">{{Cite web |url=https://www.inae.in/storage/2018/12/Prof-S-Kalyanaraman-My-Experiences-March-2014.pdf |title= S.Kalyanaraman ISRO |date=2016 |publisher=[[Indian National Academy of Engineering]]}}</ref>
* Adjunct professor, [[Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering]], Bangalore 2012–2020. Taught students and also dealt with industry interface matters of the department.<ref name="S.Kalyanaraman ISRO">{{Cite web |url=https://www.inae.in/storage/2018/12/Prof-S-Kalyanaraman-My-Experiences-March-2014.pdf |title= S.Kalyanaraman ISRO |date=2016 |publisher=[[Indian National Academy of Engineering]]}}</ref>

==Key contributions at ISRO==
As Head, Communications and Tracking group, he was responsible for design and development of Telemetry,Tracking and Command Communication systems for [[Aryabhata (satellite)]],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/sadh/001/02/0195-0204 | title = The communication System | date =1978}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web | url =http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/37748/1/IJRSP%204%284%29%20323-327.pdf | title =Satellite tracking systems | date =1975}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ia902804.us.archive.org/11/items/aryabhataproject00unse/aryabhataproject00unse.pdf | title =The Aryabhata Project | date = 1975}}</ref>
[[Bhaskara (satellite)]] <ref>{{cite web | url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1979-051A-07 | title= NASA Space Science Data (Bhaskara/DataCollectionPlatform}}</ref> , [[Rohini (satellite)]] and [[Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment]] (Apple) satellite. ARYABHATA was the first Indian Technology/Experimental/Scientific satellite launched in 1975, BHASKARA was the first Indian experimental Remote Sensing satellite with an optical camera onboard providing 1 km resolution imageries and thus required a payload data communication system as well. ROHINI was a payload satellite for the first Indian Satellite Launch Vehicle(1980). APPLE was the first Indian experimental communication satellite.

As Deputy Project Director, Indian Remote Sensing Satellite - IRS-1A <ref>{{cite journal | url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991JSpT....1...57K/abstract | title = Three years of Mission Performance - IRS 1A | date=1991| bibcode = 1991JSpT....1...57K | last1 = Kalyanaraman | first1 = S. | last2 = Thyagarajan | first2 = K. | last3 = Tyagi | first3 = R. N. | last4 = Venkata Rao | first4 = M. | journal = Journal of Spacecraft Technology | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | page = 57 }}</ref> <ref name="India's Journey towards Excellence in Building Earth Observation Cameras, 2017">{{Citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbUpDwAAQBAJ&q=S+Kalyanaraman+IRS&pg=PT193 |title= India's Journey towards Excellence in Building Earth Observation Cameras, 2017 |date=2017|publisher=[[Notion Press]]|isbn= 9781947429857 }}</ref> , he had the responsibility of realizing the first operational Indian Remote Sensing Satellite-IRS- 1A carrying 72 metre and 36 metre resolution multispectral cameras which was launched in 1988.

As Project Director, Indian Remote Sensing Satellite- IRS-1C <ref name="Advanced Features and Specifications of IRS-1C Spacecraft.">{{Cite journal |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24097368 |title= Advanced Features and Specifications of IRS-1C Spacecraft. |date=2016 |publisher=[[JSTOR]]|jstor= 24097368 |last1= Kalyanaraman |first1= S. |last2= Rajangam |first2= R. K. |journal= Current Science |volume= 70 |issue= 7 |pages= 501–509 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Indian-remote-sensing-spacecraft-1C%2F1D-Kalyanaraman-Rajangam/2d926c8a306f4d6ea189c47ced88629c22989cd5 | title=Indian remote sensing spacecraft-1C/1D | date=1995| doi=10.1080/01431169508954443 | s2cid=130991023 | last1=Kalyanaraman | first1=S. | last2=Rajangam | first2=R. K. | last3=Rattan | first3=R. | journal=International Journal of Remote Sensing | volume=16 | issue=5 | pages=791–799 | bibcode=1995IJRS...16..791K }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.prl.res.in/~library/k_kasturirangan_18_12_41_1998.pdf | title=IRS-1C Mission and its Performance |date=1996}}</ref> he directed the development of both space and ground segments . IRS-1C was the first civilian satellite to offer during 1996, the best resolution (5.6m) panchromatic imageries along with multispectral imageries with 23 metre and 375 metre resolutions with wide swath.

As Program Director, IRS program ,<ref name="Presentation at the National Space Society of Australia Ltd - Topic : Space Development Programs in Asia">{{Cite journal |url=http://nssa.com.au/6asdc/prog.html |title= Presentation at the National Space Society of Australia Ltd - Topic : Space Development Programs in Asia }}</ref>
<ref name="Remote sensing data from IRS satellites — past, present and the future.">{{Cite journal |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990802 |title= Remote sensing data from IRS satellites — past, present and the future. |date=1999 |journal=[[Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing]] |doi= 10.1007/BF02990802 |last1= Kalyanaraman |first1= S. |volume= 27 |issue= 2 |pages= 59–69 |s2cid= 129090233 }}</ref>
<ref>{{ cite web | url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/content/-/article/irs1c1d | title=Technologies developed for irs program Journal of spacecraft technology | date= 1999 }} </ref><ref>{{cite journal | url =https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576502000449 | title =Strategizing for the future Indian EO programme | date =2002| doi =10.1016/S0094-5765(02)00044-9 | last1 =Rao | first1 =Mukund | last2 =Jayaraman | first2 =V. | last3 =Kalyanraman | first3 =S. | last4 =Joseph | first4 =George | last5 =Navalgund | first5 =R.R. | last6 =Kasturirangan | first6 =K. | journal =Acta Astronautica | volume =51 | issue =1–9 | pages =549–557 | bibcode =2002AcAau..51..549R }}</ref> Indian remote sensing spacecraft-1C/1D guided IRS projects consisting of operational Remote Sensing Satellites and the corresponding ground segments till he superannuated in 2002. The projects were [[Resourcesat-1]], [[Oceansat]]-1 (IRS-P4), Cartosat-1 <ref name= "Cartosat-1">{{Cite journal | url= https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/content/-/article/irsp5 | title = Cartosat-1 }} </ref> and Technology experiment satellite (TES). <ref name = "TES">{{Cite web | url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/t/tes | title= TES}}</ref>. He also initiated Radar Imaging Satellite [[RISAT-1]] development.

IRS-1C and IRS-1D were considered as sister satellites with same specifications. Resourcesat-1 was a follow on satellite to IRS-1C/IRS- 1D with enhanced features. Oceansat-1 carried payloads for oceanographic applications such as ocean color monitor, meant for fish school detection and a microwave radiometer to get sea surface temperature information. Cartosat-1 provided stereo images of 2.5 metre resolution using fore and aft cameras for cartographic applications. The Technology Experiment Satellite was meant to develop and prove various satellite technologies to get 1 metre resolution panchromatic imageries and it was flown successfully in 2001. He superannuated as ‘Outstanding Scientist’ in 2002 but continued as a visiting scientist during 2002-2003, Then he moved to the field of technical education as a Professor to teach students theories/technologies of communication engineering including satellite communication which he continued till he was 78 years old.

==Published works==

Published about 20 technical publications.
Books written:
* Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics<ref>{{cite web | url =http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/37748/1/IJRSP%204%284%29%20323-327.pdf | title =Satellite tracking systems | date =1975}}</ref>
* Indian Academy of Sciences, Vol. C 1, No. 3, November 1978, pp. 235-249<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/sadh/001/03/0235-0249 | title=The tracking system | date=1978}}</ref>
* The communication System<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/sadh/001/02/0195-0204 | title = The communication System | date =1978}}</ref>
* Three years of mission performance -IRS-1A<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991JSpT....1...57K/abstract | title = Three years of Mission Performance - IRS 1A | date=1991| bibcode = 1991JSpT....1...57K | last1 = Kalyanaraman | first1 = S. | last2 = Thyagarajan | first2 = K. | last3 = Tyagi | first3 = R. N. | last4 = Venkata Rao | first4 = M. | journal = Journal of Spacecraft Technology | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | page = 57 }}</ref>
* Indian Remote Sensing Satellite , Cartosat-1: Technical features and data products<ref>{{cite web | url =http://ipublishing.co.in/jggsvol1no12010/voltwo/EIJGGS3060.pdf | title= Indian Remote Sensing Satellite, Cartosat-1: Technical features and data products. Paper presented at Map Asia 2002 conference, 7-9 August, Bangkok, Thailand.|access-date =29 January 2008 | date=2002}}</ref>
* Strategizing for the future Indian EO programme <ref>{{cite journal |
url =https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576502000449 | title =Strategizing for the future Indian EO programme | date =2002| doi =10.1016/S0094-5765(02)00044-9 | last1 =Rao | first1 =Mukund | last2 =Jayaraman | first2 =V. | last3 =Kalyanraman | first3 =S. | last4 =Joseph | first4 =George | last5 =Navalgund | first5 =R.R. | last6 =Kasturirangan | first6 =K. | journal =Acta Astronautica | volume =51 | issue =1–9 | pages =549–557 | bibcode =2002AcAau..51..549R }}</ref>
*Indian remote sensing spacecraft-1C/1D<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Indian-remote-sensing-spacecraft-1C%2F1D-Kalyanaraman-Rajangam/2d926c8a306f4d6ea189c47ced88629c22989cd5 | title=Indian remote sensing spacecraft-1C/1D | date=1995| doi=10.1080/01431169508954443 | s2cid=130991023 | last1=Kalyanaraman | first1=S. | last2=Rajangam | first2=R. K. | last3=Rattan | first3=R. | journal=International Journal of Remote Sensing | volume=16 | issue=5 | pages=791–799 | bibcode=1995IJRS...16..791K }}</ref>
* Indian Remote Sensing , Missions and Payloads at a glance<ref>{{cite web | url=https://studylib.net/doc/18482728/--isro-satellite-centre--isac- | title= Indian Remote Sensing , Missions and Payloads at a glance, pp 295 -296 , article 12, 13 and 14 | date=1995}}</ref>
* IRS-1C Mission and its Performance<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.prl.res.in/~library/k_kasturirangan_18_12_41_1998.pdf | title=IRS-1C Mission and its Performance |date=1996}}</ref>
* Fundamentals of Satellite Communications published by Pearson publishers [https://books.google.com/books?id=_90yAfb8TUAC++ "Fundamentals of Satellite Communications"]
*Thirukural, the great, with English Translations by S.Kalyanaraman
* Towards ... Health, Education, Wealth and Happiness published by Notionpress, India [https://notionpress.com/read/towards-health-education-wealth-and-happiness "Towards .. Health, Education, Wealth and Happiness"]

==Honours, decorations, awards and distinctions==

* Astronautical Society of India award.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Newspaper_Article_-Aryabhatta_award_distributed.jpg| title=Times of India Article| date=5 February 2000}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Astronautical_Society_of_India_award_1996.jpg | title= certificate| date= 5 February 2000}}</ref>
* Elected as a Fellow of Indian National Academy of Engineering<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.expert.inae.in/index.php/subramanyam-kalyanaraman | title=Fellow of Indian National Academy of Engineering }}</ref>
* ‘Performance Excellence award’ from ISRO.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kalyan%20award.jpg | title= Performance Excellence Award}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Kalyanaraman S - Revision history

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