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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Dialect of Urdu spoken in Kolkata, India}}<br />
{{Infobox language<br />
| name = Kalkatiya Hindustani<br />
| altname = Calcuttan Urdu<br>Urdu dialect of Calcutta<br />
| region = [[Kolkata]]<br />
| ethnicity = Calcuttiyas or Calcuttans<br />
| familycolor = Indo-European<br />
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]<br />
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]<br />
| fam4 = [[Central Indo-Aryan languages|Central Indo-Aryan]]<br />
| fam5 = [[Western Hindi languages|Western Hindi]]<br />
| fam6 = [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]<br />
| fam7 = [[Urdu]]<br />
| script = [[Persian alphabet|Perso-Arabic script]] ([[Urdu alphabet]])<br />
| notice = Indic<br />
}}<br />
'''Kalkatiyā Hindustani''' ([[Hindi]]: {{Lang|Hi|कलकतिया हिंदी}}, {{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|کلکتیا اردو}}}}) is a variety of [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] spoken in the city of [[Kolkata]] by the Calcuttiyas or Calcuttans. Due to the heavy influence of the [[Bengali language]], it possesses a distinct identity.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rauf|first=Abdur|title=مغربی بنگال میں اردو کا لسانیاتی ارتقاء|trans-title=Linguistic Development of Urdu in West Bengal|publisher=West Bengal Urdu Academy|location=Kolkata|year=1990|page=174|language=ur|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/maghribi-bangal-me-urdu-ka-lisaniyati-irteqa-abdur-rauf-ebooks?lang=ur#173<br />
}}</ref> It is particularly prevalent in the city's Muslim neighborhoods and has a notable literary heritage. The features of Kalkatiya Hindustani reflect clear traces of [[Bengali language|Bengali]] influence, which are evident in its phonetics, grammar, and vocabulary. For instance, certain phonemes and sentence structures exhibit a Bengali-style articulation.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bhattacharya|first=Shanti Ranjan|author-link=Shanti Ranjan Bhattacharya|title=بنگال کی زبانوں سے اردو کا رشتہ (ایک لسانی مطالعہ)|trans-title=The Relationship of Urdu with the Languages of Bengal: A Linguistic Study|publisher=Nusrat Publishers|edition=2nd|location=Aminabad, Lucknow|year=1989|page=144|language=ur|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/bengal-ki-zabanon-se-urdu-ka-rishta-ek-lisani-mutala-shanti-ranjan-bhattacharya-ebooks?lang=ur#150<br />
}}</ref> From a literary perspective, Kalkatiya Hindustani has produced several notable figures who contributed significantly to poetry and prose in this dialect. [[Ibrahim Hosh]] is a prominent example, who set a unique precedent through his poetry in Kalkatiya Hindustani.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rahmani|first=Abul Kalam|chapter=مغربی بنگال میں اردو طنز و مزاح|trans-chapter=Urdu Satire and Humor in West Bengal|chapter-url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/azadi-ke-baad-maghribi-bangal-ka-urdu-adab-ebooks?lang=ur#79|title=آزادی کے بعد مغربی بنگال کا اردو ادب|trans-title=Urdu Literature of West Bengal after Independence|others=Ed. by Naeem Anees|publisher=The Muslim Institute|location=Kolkata|year=2004|pages=81–82|language=ur<br />
}}</ref><br />
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According to linguist Naseer Ahmad, Kalkatiya Hindustani is a distinct [[sociolect]] spoken primarily in the Muslim neighborhoods of [[Kolkata]]. It is especially prevalent among older and less formally educated residents, many of whom trace their ancestry to migrants from [[Bihar]]. The dialect exhibits influences from regional languages such as [[Magadhi language|Magadhi]], [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], and Bengali particularly noticeable in pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. It is commonly used among working-class Hindustani speakers for everyday communication. While the dialect is largely confined to Kolkata, some speakers also attempt to adopt the standard form of Bengali Urdu used by the educated segments of the Urdu-speaking population. Literary samples of Kalkatiya Hindustani have appeared in various writings.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ahmad|first=Naseer|title=اردو بولیاں اور کرخنداری کا عمرانی لسانیاتی مطالعہ|trans-title=A Sociolinguistic Study of Urdu Dialects and the Karkhandari|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/urdu-boliyan-aur-karkhandari-ka-imrani-lisaniyati-mutala-naseem-ahmad-ebooks?lang=ur#63|publisher=Idara-e-Tasneef|year=1979|location=Delhi|page=54|language=ur}}</ref><br />
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[[Apurbo Krishna Kunvar]] (d. 1867) used Kalkatiya Urdu in a few couplets of his ''Masnawi-e-Kunvar''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/kunwar-apni-do-masnaviyon-ki-roshni-mein-abu-bakar-jilani-ebooks?lang=ur#196 |title=بنگال کا ایک نامور اردو شاعر کنور (اپنی دو مثنویوں کی روشنی میں)|trans-title=Kunvar: In the Light of His Two Masnavis – A Renowned Urdu Poet of Bengal|last=Jilani|first=Abu Bakar|publisher=Calligraph Offset Printers|year=1989|location=Kolkata|page=199|language=ur}}</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
{{Urdu topics}}<br />
{{Languages of India}}<br />
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[[Category:History of Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:Dialects of Urdu]]</div>DelorisQha