Ajay Kumar: Added citation

2023-07-23T14:49:49Z

Added citation

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:19, 23 July 2023
Line 2:		Line 2:
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=May 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=May 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=May 2019}}
	~~'''Kalingi''' (also spelt as~~ '''Kalinga''' ~~& '''Kalinji''')~~ is a [[Caste system in India\|caste]] residing in the [[Indian people\|Indian]] [[States and union territories of India\|states]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KVKKAAAAMAAJ&q=Kalingi\|title=The Congress Party in Transition: A Study in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh\|last=Naidu\|first=D. Suran\|date=1991-01-01\|publisher=National Book Organisation\|isbn=9788185135649\|pages=68,101,229\|language=en\|access-date=2018-05-30\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214065809/https://books.google.com/books?id=KVKKAAAAMAAJ&q=Kalingi&dq=Kalingi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiN2ajx66zbAhVJRo8KHbh2A5wQ6AEIWzAJ\|archive-date=2018-12-14\|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Odisha]]. They are found ~~mainly~~ in [[Srikakulam]], Vizianagaram, ~~Vishakapatnam~~, and are also found on the borderland between the districts of [[Ganjam]] and [[Visakhapatnam]].<ref name=":0" />		'''Kalinga''' is a [[Caste system in India\|caste]] residing in the [[Indian people\|Indian]] [[States and union territories of India\|states]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KVKKAAAAMAAJ&q=Kalingi\|title=The Congress Party in Transition: A Study in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh\|last=Naidu\|first=D. Suran\|date=1991-01-01\|publisher=National Book Organisation\|isbn=9788185135649\|pages=68,101,229\|language=en\|access-date=2018-05-30\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214065809/https://books.google.com/books?id=KVKKAAAAMAAJ&q=Kalingi&dq=Kalingi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiN2ajx66zbAhVJRo8KHbh2A5wQ6AEIWzAJ\|archive-date=2018-12-14\|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Odisha]]. They are primarily found in the erstwhile districts of [[Srikakulam]], Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, and are also found on the borderland between the districts of [[Ganjam]] and [[Visakhapatnam district\|Visakhapatnam]].<ref name=":0" /> They were predominantly a priestly (vaishnavites) community and some of them were Agrarians.{{Sfn\|Endowments Department Utsov-1990:\| Special Souvenir. (1990). \|India: The Department.}}

	They are an endogamous population.{{~~citation needed~~\|~~date~~=~~April 2019}} These people wear sacred threads (yagnopavita) across the shoulders~~.~~{{citation needed~~\|date=~~April 2019~~}} The same class of people are known as the ~~Kalinjis~~ in the country north of the [[River Vamsadhara\|Vamsadhara river]].~~{{citation needed\|date=April 2019}}~~ There are ~~two~~ groups of Kalingas today, Buragam and Kinthali~~, distinguished by the sacred threads (yagnopavita) worn across the shoulders. Buragam~~ Kalingas ~~wear the sacred thread while Kintali Kalingas do not~~. ~~For this reason~~, ~~Buragam Kalingas consider themselves to be the direct descendants of the former rulers of the region who fought with Ashoka~~. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|last=Thurston\|first=Edgar\|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/42993\|title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7\|date=2013-06-21\|others=K. Rangachari\|language=English}}</ref>~~In the Telugu parts they are called Kalingis and in the Oriya country they are known as Kalinjis.<ref name=":1" /> The Kalinjis do not wear the sacred thread.~~ Both Kinthala and Buragam Kalingas are categorized as Other Backward Classes (OBCs) by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=National Commission for Backward Classes\|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/user_panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO+ploAhiJHMALWmHIwbzS8Il37YLL3Fb0FHfWDHzP7c\|access-date=2022-01-24\|website=www.ncbc.nic.in}}</ref> Kinthala widows are permitted to remarry if they have no male heir, but Buragam widows are not. <ref name=":1" />These ~~Kalingis~~ are not found south of [[Chipurupalle]] in the [[Vizianagaram]] district.~~{{citation needed\|date=April 2019}} These were the original people that gave their name to the region; most~~ of them are now found confined to the south of Ganjam district, but some are found scattered all over the Oriya country along the coast.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=P.\|first=Dozier, Edward\|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/297175\|title=Mountain arbiters; the changing life of a Philippine hill people\|date=1966\|publisher=University of Arizona Press\|oclc=297175}}</ref>		They are an endogamous population.<ref>{{Citation \|last=MONITOR. \|first=WHOLE SKY \|title=URL. \|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/796720402 \|oclc=796720402 \|access-date=2023-02-28}}</ref> The same class of people are known as the Kalinga in the country north of the [[River Vamsadhara\|Vamsadhara river]]. There are four groups of Kalingas today, Buragam and Kinthali Kalingas. The other two unpopularly subgroups were Kalinga Brahmana with titles Panda, Patro, Sahoo, Panigrahi and Kalinga Raju.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|last=Thurston\|first=Edgar\|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/42993\|title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7\|date=2013-06-21\|others=K. Rangachari\|language=English}}</ref> Both Kinthala and Buragam Kalingas are categorized as Other Backward Classes (OBCs) by the Government of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=National Commission for Backward Classes \|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/user_panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO+ploAhiJHMALWmHIwbzS8Il37YLL3Fb0FHfWDHzP7c \|access-date=2022-01-24 \|website=www.ncbc.nic.in}}</ref> Kinthala widows are permitted to remarry if they have no male heir, but Buragam widows are not.<ref name=":1" />

			In the Telugu parts they are called Kalinga and in the Oriya country they are known as Kalinga too.<ref name=":1" /> The Kalinga wear the sacred thread. These Kalinga are not found south of [[Chipurupalle]] in the [[Vizianagaram]] district. Most of them are now found confined to the south of Ganjam district, but some are found scattered all over the Oriya country along the coast.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=P.\|first=Dozier, Edward\|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/297175\|title=Mountain arbiters; the changing life of a Philippine hill people\|date=1966\|publisher=University of Arizona Press\|oclc=297175}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

ImportMaster at 00:17, 21 May 2022

2022-05-21T00:17:43Z

New page

{{more citations needed|date=May 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
'''Kalingi''' (also spelt as '''Kalinga''' & '''Kalinji''') is a [[Caste system in India|caste]] residing in the [[Indian people|Indian]] [[States and union territories of India|states]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KVKKAAAAMAAJ&q=Kalingi|title=The Congress Party in Transition: A Study in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh|last=Naidu|first=D. Suran|date=1991-01-01|publisher=National Book Organisation|isbn=9788185135649|pages=68,101,229|language=en|access-date=2018-05-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214065809/https://books.google.com/books?id=KVKKAAAAMAAJ&q=Kalingi&dq=Kalingi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiN2ajx66zbAhVJRo8KHbh2A5wQ6AEIWzAJ|archive-date=2018-12-14|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Odisha]]. They are found mainly in [[Srikakulam]], Vizianagaram, Vishakapatnam, and are also found on the borderland between the districts of [[Ganjam]] and [[Visakhapatnam]].<ref name=":0" />

They are an endogamous population.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} These people wear sacred threads (yagnopavita) across the shoulders.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} The same class of people are known as the Kalinjis in the country north of the [[River Vamsadhara|Vamsadhara river]].{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} There are two groups of Kalingas today, Buragam and Kinthali, distinguished by the sacred threads (yagnopavita) worn across the shoulders. Buragam Kalingas wear the sacred thread while Kintali Kalingas do not. For this reason, Buragam Kalingas consider themselves to be the direct descendants of the former rulers of the region who fought with Ashoka. <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Thurston|first=Edgar|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/42993|title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Vol. 3 of 7|date=2013-06-21|others=K. Rangachari|language=English}}</ref>In the Telugu parts they are called Kalingis and in the Oriya country they are known as Kalinjis.<ref name=":1" /> The Kalinjis do not wear the sacred thread. Both Kinthala and Buragam Kalingas are categorized as Other Backward Classes (OBCs) by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. <ref>{{Cite web|title=National Commission for Backward Classes|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/user_panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO+ploAhiJHMALWmHIwbzS8Il37YLL3Fb0FHfWDHzP7c|access-date=2022-01-24|website=www.ncbc.nic.in}}</ref> Kinthala widows are permitted to remarry if they have no male heir, but Buragam widows are not. <ref name=":1" />These Kalingis are not found south of [[Chipurupalle]] in the [[Vizianagaram]] district.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}} These were the original people that gave their name to the region; most of them are now found confined to the south of Ganjam district, but some are found scattered all over the Oriya country along the coast.<ref>{{Cite book|last=P.|first=Dozier, Edward|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/297175|title=Mountain arbiters; the changing life of a Philippine hill people|date=1966|publisher=University of Arizona Press|oclc=297175}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{URL|ccbs.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-ENG/ramdas.htm|Samapa Or Asokan Kalinga by Ramdas, G.}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Social groups of Andhra Pradesh]]

Kalingi - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Added citation

ImportMaster at 00:17, 21 May 2022