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	{{about\|the demon from [[Ramayana]]\|the demon related to past births of [[Kamsa]]\|Kalanemi}}		{{about\|the demon from [[Ramayana]]\|the demon related to past births of [[Kamsa]]\|Kalanemi}}
	[[File:Hanumana and Kalanemi.gif\|thumb\|220px\|1891 painting by Sarathi Madala Patnaik in ''[[Adhyatma Ramayana]]'' depicting [[Hanuman]] and Kalanemi.]]		[[File:Hanumana and Kalanemi.gif\|thumb\|220px\|1891 painting by Sarathi Madala Patnaik in ''[[Adhyatma Ramayana]]'' depicting [[Hanuman]] and Kalanemi.]]
	'''Kalanemi''' is a [[rakshasa]] (demon) mentioned in [[Versions of Ramayana\|various adaptations]] of the [[Hindu]] [[Hindu Epics\|epic]] ''[[Ramayana]]''. He is the son of [[Maricha]], who was tasked by [[Ravana]], the epic's main antagonist to kill [[Hanuman]]. Although not part of ''[[Valmiki Ramayana]]'', his encounter with Hanuman has been described in several versions ~~with variations in details~~ but ~~all concluding in his defeat and killing~~.		'''Kalanemi''' is a [[rakshasa]] (demon) mentioned in [[Versions of Ramayana\|various adaptations]] of the [[Hindu]] [[Hindu Epics\|epic]] ''[[Ramayana]]''. He is the son of [[Maricha]], who was tasked by [[Ravana]], the epic's main antagonist to kill [[Hanuman]]. Although not part of ''[[Valmiki Ramayana]]'', his encounter with Hanuman has been described in several versions ,but at last he was defeated by lord Hanuman.

	== Legend ==		== Legend ==

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Kalanemi ''(Ramayana)''}}
{{about|the demon from [[Ramayana]]|the demon related to past births of [[Kamsa]]|Kalanemi}}
[[File:Hanumana and Kalanemi.gif|thumb|220px|1891 painting by Sarathi Madala Patnaik in ''[[Adhyatma Ramayana]]'' depicting [[Hanuman]] and Kalanemi.]]
'''Kalanemi''' is a [[rakshasa]] (demon) mentioned in [[Versions of Ramayana|various adaptations]] of the [[Hindu]] [[Hindu Epics|epic]] ''[[Ramayana]]''. He is the son of [[Maricha]], who was tasked by [[Ravana]], the epic's main antagonist to kill [[Hanuman]]. Although not part of ''[[Valmiki Ramayana]]'', his encounter with Hanuman has been described in several versions with variations in details but all concluding in his defeat and killing.

== Legend ==
In various adaptations of the Hindu epic ''[[Ramayana]]'', Kalanemi is [[Maricha]]'s son and one of his ministers. He helped Ravana in his war against [[Rama]]. When [[Lakshmana]], Rama's younger brother was unconscious in the war and [[Hanuman]] was asked to fetch ''[[Sanjeevani (plant)|Sanjeevani]]'', the magical medicinal herb to revive Lakshmana back; Ravana tasked Kalanemi to stop Hanuman.{{Sfn|Lutgendorf|2007|p=xcii–xciv}} Ravana had promised him half his kingdom if he killed Hanuman.{{Sfn|Garrett|1871|pp=301–02}} Hanuman flies to [[Himalaya]] to fetch the herb from the [[Dunagiri|Dronagiri mountain]] (also said to be the [[Gandhamardhan hills|Gandhamadana mountain]].{{Sfn|Garrett|1871|pp=301–02}}) Kalanemi disguised himself as a sage and erected a magical hermitage near a lake to lure Hanuman. He invited him to be his guest to take rest and refresh with a bath in the lake and also lured him by saying that he would initiate him to be able to distinguish the right herb. But Hanuman refused to take any refreshment but was only interested to take bath in the lake.{{Sfn|Garrett|1871|pp=301–02}}{{Sfn|Lutgendorf|2007|pp=ccv–ccviii}} Kalanemi then introduced a crocodile in the lake to kill Hanuman.{{Sfn|Lutgendorf|2007|pp=ccv–ccviii}} Hanuman killed the crocodile which then turned into an ''[[apsara]]'', who was earlier cursed to be a crocodile by sage [[Daksha]] to be redeemed by Hanuman.{{Sfn|Garrett|1871|pp=301–02}} She informed Hanuman of Kalanemi's evil plan to delay his reach to Lakshmana, who would eventually die if the herb did not reach before the sunrise. Hanuman then returned to Kalanemi and tied him and set back on his task.{{Sfn|Lutgendorf|2007|pp=ccix, cdxx}} In another version it is said that Hanuman accosted Kalanemi en route when he was on his way to [[Lanka]] to claim half the kingdom which had been promised by Ravana. Kalanemi had assumed that the crocodile had killed Hanuman. Hanuman told Kalanemi that he was aware of his true form. He then grabbed Kalanemi's feet, swung him around, and threw him across to Lanka where he fell before Ravana and his ministers.{{Sfn|Garrett|1871|pp=301–02}}

== Adaptations and commentary ==
Kalanemi's story is not narrated in the original ''Ramayana'' but has been covered in its adaptation, the ''[[Adhyatma Ramayana]]''.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4oOAAAAYAAJ&q=Adhyatma+Ramayana+kalanemi | title=Folk Ramayanas in Telugu and Kannada | publisher=Saroja Publications | author=T. Gopala Krishna Rao | year=1984 | pages=102}}</ref> In Adhyatma Ramayana, Kalanemi was also appraised by [[Narada]] of the divine status of Rama; the former in turn informed Ravana and requested him to befriend Rama.{{Sfn|Kam|2000|p=1}} It is also narrated in various versions in western India and Bengali adaptations. Majority of medieval narrations include this story like the Telugu-language ''[[Ranganatha ramayan|Ranganatha Ramayana]]'' and [[Tulsidas]]'s ''[[Ramcharitmanas]]''. Various versions change in setup of how Kalanemi stalled Hanuman. One version suggests that Kalanemi started narrating Rama's stories which Hanuman could not resist. But he could not drag it much for being unaware of facts and that exposed him. When Hanuman combats Kalanemi, Kalanemi kept changing his forms to confuse and create complication. A horned and fanged male figure sometimes shown below Hanuman's foot in idols and images is believed to be Kalanemi or [[Ahiravana]].{{Sfn|Lutgendorf|2007|p=ccvi}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
*{{cite book|last=Garrett|first =John |title=A classical dictionary of India illustrative of the mythology, philosophy, literature [&c.] of the Hindus. [With]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLsIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA302|year=1871}}
*{{cite book|last= Kam |first=Garrett |title=Ramayana in the Arts of Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oGrXAAAAMAAJ|year=2000|publisher=시사영어사|isbn=978-0-07-115785-8}}
*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FdtnCZsVZbEC&pg=PR92 |title=Hanuman's Tale: The Messages of a Divine Monkey |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2007 |isbn=9780199885824 |first= Philip |last=Lutgendorf }}
{{Refend}}

[[Category:Rakshasa in the Ramayana]]

Kalanemi (Ramayana) - Revision history

103.249.90.170: Added content Fixed the corrections

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