Kaimal - Revision history

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:14, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:14:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:44, 6 August 2026
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	P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>		P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>

	*His (Kaimals) violation in his dealings with the Ettuveettil Pillamar ~~ipal~~ custom of Malabar that a Nair lord would not be punished		*His (Kaimals) violation in his dealings with the Ettuveettil Pillamar principal custom of Malabar that a Nair lord would not be punished
	*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner		*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner
	*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility		*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:13, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:13:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:43, 6 August 2026
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	P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>		P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>

	*His (Kaimals) violation in his dealings with the ~~ttuveettil r of the principal~~ custom of Malabar that a Nair lord would not be punished		*His (Kaimals) violation in his dealings with the Ettuveettil Pillamar ipal custom of Malabar that a Nair lord would not be punished
	*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner		*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner
	*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility		*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:13, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:13:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:43, 6 August 2026
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	P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>		P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>

	*His violation in his dealings with the ~~ttuveettilar~~ of the principal custom of ~~Keralaord~~ would not be punished		*His (Kaimals) violation in his dealings with the ttuveettil r of the principal custom of Malabar that a Nair lord would not be punished
	*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner		*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner
	*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility		*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:11, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:11:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:41, 6 August 2026
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	P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>		P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book \|pages=198–218 \|first=P. K. S. \|last=Raja \|title=Mediaeval Kerala \|publisher=Annamalai University \|year=1953 \|work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>

	*His~~{{who\|date=October 2017}}~~ violation in his dealings with the ~~Etavita Pillamar~~ of the principal custom of ~~Malabar that a Nair lord~~ would not be punished		*His violation in his dealings with the ttuveettilar of the principal custom of Keralaord would not be punished
	*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner		*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner
	*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility		*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:09, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:09:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:39, 6 August 2026
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}
	'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] ~~of what is now the Indian state of~~ [[Kerala]].The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom and Malabar region, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, regarded as higher in status than the Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of a Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom). Famous Kaimals including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>		'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] (present-day [[Kerala]], India).The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom and Malabar region, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, regarded as higher in status than the Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of a Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom). Famous Kaimals including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>

	==Portuguese ascendancy==		==Portuguese ascendancy==

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:08, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:08:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:38, 6 August 2026
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}
	'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, ~~rded~~ as higher in status ~~thanthan~~ Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom). Famous Kaimals including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>		'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom and Malabar region, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, regarded as higher in status than the Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of a Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom). Famous Kaimals including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>

	==Portuguese ascendancy==		==Portuguese ascendancy==

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA at 16:07, 6 August 2026

2026-08-06T16:07:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:37, 6 August 2026
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}
	'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, rded as higher in status thanthan Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom).~~aFous families~~ including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>		'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, rded as higher in status thanthan Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom). Famous Kaimals including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>

	==Portuguese ascendancy==		==Portuguese ascendancy==

2409:40F3:201E:C01F:DC84:A8FF:FE96:65CA: History

2026-08-06T16:06:19Z

History

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 6 August 2026
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}
	'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals were ~~one of~~ the highest ~~caste of Hindus~~ in Kerala ~~and~~ were considered ~~as a~~ part of ~~Kiriyathil~~ Nair ~~subcaste.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power~~ in ~~Kerala, 1729~~-~~1758 \|first=M~~. ~~O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978~~-~~8-17099-136-6 \|page=ix \|url=https://books~~.~~google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PR10}}</ref> Various~~ families ~~used it thus,~~ including the ~~Kaimals of Koratti, Angi and Koddachery~~.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>		'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals and Karthas belong to the same sub-castes, a Kaimal interchangeable used both titles in olden times and were among the highest-ranking Hindu castes in Kerala. In the Cochin Kingdom, they were considered part of the Stani-Samanthan Nair community, while in the Travancore region they were classified under the Illam or Illathu Nair sub-caste. Samantan of Cochin and Malabar and Illam Nairs of Travancore are same sub-castes, rded as higher in status thanthan Kiriyathil, sudra (dependant of Nambudhiri house) and Charna Nairs (Nairs attached to Royal families or Kingdom).aFous families including the Thachudaya Kaimal.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>

	==Portuguese ascendancy==		==Portuguese ascendancy==

172.64.215.17: Minor edit showing which subcaste does Kaimal belong to

2026-04-05T19:08:09Z

Minor edit showing which subcaste does Kaimal belong to

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:38, 6 April 2026
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2014}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}
	'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals were one of the highest caste of Hindus in ~~kerala~~.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|page=ix \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PR10}}</ref> Various families used it thus, including the Kaimals of Koratti, Angi and Koddachery.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>		'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala\|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals were one of the highest caste of Hindus in Kerala and were considered as a part of Kiriyathil Nair subcaste.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|page=ix \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PR10}}</ref> Various families used it thus, including the Kaimals of Koratti, Angi and Koddachery.<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 \|first=M. O. \|last=Koshy \|publisher=Mittal Publications \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 \|pages=45, 49 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>

	==Portuguese ascendancy==		==Portuguese ascendancy==

>PUNKLETARIAT: /* Dynasty */

2021-06-01T15:20:12Z

Dynasty

New page

{{short description|A title given to cheifs from Nair caste}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
'''Kaimal''' is a title that was historically used by chiefs from the [[Nair]] caste in the [[History of Kerala|feudal period]] of what is now the Indian state of [[Kerala]].The Kaimals were one of the highest caste of Hindus in kerala.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 |first=M. O. |last=Koshy |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1989 |isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 |page=ix |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PR10}}</ref> Various families used it thus, including the Kaimals of Koratti, Angi and Koddachery.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729-1758 |first=M. O. |last=Koshy |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1989 |isbn=978-8-17099-136-6 |pages=45, 49 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ro8SLhyAc9AC&pg=PA45}}</ref>

==Portuguese ascendancy==
The [[5th Portuguese India Armada (Albuquerque, 1503)|Fifth Portuguese India Armada]] under [[Afonso de Albuquerque]] arrived in 1503, just in time to save the [[Kingdom of Cochin|Cochin king]] from the [[Zamorin of Calicut]]. The Portuguese then turned their attention to the chieftains who had fought against the Cochin and committed many atrocities where they killed inhabitants in large numbers and indiscriminately burnt downtowns and villages.<ref>{{cite book |title=Kerala District Gazetteers, Eranakulam |first=A. Sreedhara |last=Menon |year=1965 |pages=120–121}}</ref>

The Portuguese impressed upon the king the need to deal with his chiefs and entered into a treaty with the Anchi Kaimals whereby they accepted the overlordship of the Cochin throne.<ref>{{cite book |title=Kerala District Gazetteers, Eranakulam |first=A. Sreedhara |last=Menon |year=1965 |page=121}}</ref>

==Dutch in Cochin==
On 26 October 1662, the [[Dutch East India Company|Dutch]] re-engaged the Portuguese and with the help of the Anchi Kaimals took complete possession of Cochin from the Portuguese.<ref>{{cite book |title=Kerala District Gazetteers, Eranakulam |first=A. Sreedhara |last=Menon |year=1965 |page=153}}</ref>

T. I. Poonen says {{quote|it may be mentioned that one of the important causes of Dutch success in Cochin was the loyal co-operation they received from the AnchiKaimals or five lords of whom the most important was Cheranellular Kartha.<ref>{{cite book |title=A survey of the rise of the Dutch Power in Malabar |first=T. I. |last=Poonen |pages=106–107}}</ref>}}

==Dynasty==
The name Kaimal is derived from Kai which means hand in Malayalam, signifying power. Earlier Kaimals were recognized chieftains. Major areas of Vaikom, Niranampetti, Irinjalakuda, Ranni, Koratti, Niranampetti, Angi and Koddachery were under control of Kaimal Naduvazhis. Old name of [[Eranakulam]] was Anjukaimalnadu (The land of the Anjukaimals).

== Chiefs of Cochin ==
KP Padmanabha Menon in his ''History of Kerala, Vol 2'' mentions the Anji Kaimals whose Chief was the Cheranellur Kartha as owning all of Eranakulam. In fact, Eranakulam is known as Anji Kaimal in the early maps of Kerala. See Dutch in Malabar (Dutch Records No 13), 1910 shows a map from [[Common Era]]1740 that shows the area of AnjiKaimal as almost twice as large as the Cochin State. The other chiefs he mentions quoting Gollennesse (Dutch East India Company) is the 1) Moorianatt Nambiar 2) Paliath Achan (mentioned above), 3)Codacherry (Kotasseri) Kaimal, 4) Caimalieone (female Kaimal) of Corretty, 5) Changera Codda Kaimal, and 6) Panamoocattu Kaimal (Panambakadu Kaimal). The last four Kaimals are known as the Kaimals of Nandietter Naddu. The Kaimals of Nandietter Naddu had Nayar troops of 43,000 according to Heer Van Reede of the Dutch East India Company from 1694.<ref>Page 241 and 242</ref>The Kaimal royal members had moved to Goa during the Portuguese era.

==End of power==
P. K. S. Raja gives the following factors for the end of feudalism in Travancore and Cochin:<ref>{{cite book |pages=198–218 |first=P. K. S. |last=Raja |title=Mediaeval Kerala |publisher=Annamalai University |year=1953 |work=Annamalai University Historical Series no 11}}</ref>

*His{{who|date=October 2017}} violation in his dealings with the Etavita Pillamar of the principal custom of Malabar that a Nair lord would not be punished
*His dealing with Raja of Quillon (his own family) where instead of making a conquered chief a subordinate, the Raja was made a state prisoner
*His invitation of Hyder Ali to aid him in suppressing the revolt of the "whole country North of Kayamkulam" who did not appreciate his policies and his treatment of the nobility
*The treaty between Cochin and Travancore and an inserted clause in 1701 that Travancore would aid Cochin in putting down the nobles of Cochin
*Leading nobles of Cochin were brought to Tripunithra and asked to take an Oath of allegiance to the Rajas of Cochin and Travancore. After this, says P. K. S. Raja, the nobles of Cochin like those of Travancore lost their political powers

==See also==
* [[Jenmi]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Indian surnames]]
[[Category:Nair]]
[[Category:Social groups of Kerala]]