Saurabh pal: further added layout for clarity also per sources

2026-02-05T05:18:19Z

further added layout for clarity also per sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 5 February 2026
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2016}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2016}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2016}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2016}}
	'''K.P. Janaki Ammal''' (1917-1992) was a politician from [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] and president of [[All India Democratic Women's Association]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news \| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-editorialfeatures/madurais-very-own-freedom-fighters/article3671344.ece \| title=~~Madurai’s~~ very own freedom fighters \| work=The Hindu \| date=23 July 2012 \| accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref> She represented [[Madurai East (State Assembly Constituency)\|Madurai East]] in the [[Tamil Nadu legislative assembly]] in 1967.<ref name="A life of sacrifice">{{cite news \| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/a-life-of-sacrifice/article5754498.ece \| title=A life of sacrifice \| work=The Hindu \| date=6 March 2014 \| accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref>		{{Infobox officeholder
			\| name = K. P. Janaki Ammal
			\| office = Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly for Madurai East
			\| term_start = 1967
			\| birth_date = Dec 9,1917,Thirunagari,Madurai
			\| death_date = 1 March 1992
			\| nationality = Indian
			\| party = [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
			\| spouse = Gurusamy Naidu
			\| profession = Freedom Fighter and Politician
			\| office2 = President of All India Democratic Women's Association
			}}
			'''K. P. Janaki Ammal''' (1917-1992) was a politician from [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] and president of [[All India Democratic Women's Association]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news \| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-editorialfeatures/madurais-very-own-freedom-fighters/article3671344.ece \| title=Madurai's very own freedom fighters \| work=The Hindu \| date=23 July 2012 \| accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref> She represented [[Madurai East (State Assembly Constituency)\|Madurai East]] in the [[Tamil Nadu legislative assembly]] in 1967.<ref name="A life of sacrifice">{{cite news \| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/a-life-of-sacrifice/article5754498.ece \| title=A life of sacrifice \| work=The Hindu \| date=6 March 2014 \| accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref>

	== Early life ==		== Early life ==
	Born in 1917, she was the only child of Padmanabhan and Lakshmi. Her early life was spent in poverty. Her mother died when she was 8 years old, and she was raised by her grandmother. She dropped out of school in the eighth grade, in order to pursue music. She Palaniappa Pillai Boys Company for a salary of Rs.25 per month. She later went on to become the lead actress and earned over Rs. 300 per performance. She teamed up with S.S. Viswanathadas on stage, to engage with the issue of caste based untouchability.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />		Born in 1917, she was the only child of Padmanabhan and Lakshmi. Her early life was spent in poverty. Her mother died when she was 8 years old, and she was raised by her grandmother. She dropped out of school in the eighth grade, in order to pursue music. She Palaniappa Pillai Boys Company for a salary of Rs.25 per month. She later went on to become the lead actress and earned over Rs. 300 per performance. She teamed up with S.S. Viswanathadas on stage to engage with the issue of caste-based untouchability.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

	Janaki Ammal married a harmonium player from the troupe, Gurusamy Naidu.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />		Janaki Ammal married a harmonium player from the troupe, Gurusamy Naidu.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

	== Career ==		== Career ==
	She is known as the first South Indian woman to be arrested by the British. She was first arrested in 1930 while performing in [[Tirunelveli]] and spent one year in jail.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" /> She was arrested for participating in anti- war propaganda in Trichy, under the Defence of India Rules.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/14211/12/12_chapter%205.pdf\|title=Shodhganga}}</ref>		She is known as the first South Indian woman to be arrested by the British. She was first arrested in 1930 while performing in [[Tirunelveli]] and spent one year in jail.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" /> She was arrested for participating in anti-war propaganda in Trichy, under the Defence of India Rules.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/14211/12/12_chapter%205.pdf\|title=Shodhganga}}</ref>

	She was one of the active political members of the Individual [[Satyagraha]] Movement.<ref name=":1" /> In 1936, she joined Congress party and worked as the office bearer in the Madurai Congress Committee She then shifted to the [[Congress Socialist Party]]. She joined Communist Party of India in 1940. After the party's split, she moved to the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]].<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />		She was one of the active political members of the Individual [[Satyagraha]] Movement.<ref name=":1" /> In 1936, she joined the Congress party and worked as the office bearer in the Madurai Congress Committee. She then shifted to the [[Congress Socialist Party]]. She joined the Communist Party of India in 1940. After the party's split, she moved to the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]].<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

	Janaki Ammal and Ponmalai Paapa Umanath were founders of the Tamil Nadu Democratic Women's Association in 1974, where the former became its first president.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />		Janaki Ammal and Ponmalai Paapa Umanath were founders of the Tamil Nadu Democratic Women's Association in 1974, where the former became its first president.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

	== Personal life ==		== Personal life ==
	During the [[The Emergency (India)\|Emergency]], she sold off her ~~jewellery~~ and silk clothes to raise money for food, for party cadres.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />		During the [[The Emergency (India)\|Emergency]], she sold off her jewelry and silk clothes to raise money for food for party cadres.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

	Repeated arrests and never ending hard work took a toll on her health. She died of asthma on 1 March 1992.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />		Repeated arrests and never-ending hard work took a toll on her health. She died of asthma on 1 March 1992.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

	== References ==		== References ==
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	[[Category:1917 births]]		[[Category:1917 births]]
	[[Category:1992 deaths]]		[[Category:1992 deaths]]
	[[Category:Women in Tamil Nadu ~~politics~~]]		[[Category:Women members of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
	[[Category:20th-century Indian women politicians]]		[[Category:20th-century Indian women politicians]]
	~~[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]~~
	[[Category:People from Madurai district]]		[[Category:People from Madurai district]]
	[[Category:Women Indian independence activists]]		[[Category:Women Indian independence activists]]
	[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]
			[[Category:Tamil Nadu MLAs 1967–1971]]

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{{short description|Indian politician and women's rights activist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
'''K.P. Janaki Ammal''' (1917-1992) was a politician from [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] and president of [[All India Democratic Women's Association]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-editorialfeatures/madurais-very-own-freedom-fighters/article3671344.ece | title=Madurai’s very own freedom fighters | work=The Hindu | date=23 July 2012 | accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref> She represented [[Madurai East (State Assembly Constituency)|Madurai East]] in the [[Tamil Nadu legislative assembly]] in 1967.<ref name="A life of sacrifice">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/a-life-of-sacrifice/article5754498.ece | title=A life of sacrifice | work=The Hindu | date=6 March 2014 | accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Born in 1917, she was the only child of Padmanabhan and Lakshmi. Her early life was spent in poverty. Her mother died when she was 8 years old, and she was raised by her grandmother. She dropped out of school in the eighth grade, in order to pursue music. She Palaniappa Pillai Boys Company for a salary of Rs.25 per month. She later went on to become the lead actress and earned over Rs. 300 per performance. She teamed up with S.S. Viswanathadas on stage, to engage with the issue of caste based untouchability.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

Janaki Ammal married a harmonium player from the troupe, Gurusamy Naidu.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

== Career ==
She is known as the first South Indian woman to be arrested by the British. She was first arrested in 1930 while performing in [[Tirunelveli]] and spent one year in jail.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" /> She was arrested for participating in anti- war propaganda in Trichy, under the Defence of India Rules.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/14211/12/12_chapter%205.pdf|title=Shodhganga}}</ref>

She was one of the active political members of the Individual [[Satyagraha]] Movement.<ref name=":1" /> In 1936, she joined Congress party and worked as the office bearer in the Madurai Congress Committee She then shifted to the [[Congress Socialist Party]]. She joined Communist Party of India in 1940. After the party's split, she moved to the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]].<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

Janaki Ammal and Ponmalai Paapa Umanath were founders of the Tamil Nadu Democratic Women's Association in 1974, where the former became its first president.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

== Personal life ==
During the [[The Emergency (India)|Emergency]], she sold off her jewellery and silk clothes to raise money for food, for party cadres.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

Repeated arrests and never ending hard work took a toll on her health. She died of asthma on 1 March 1992.<ref name="A life of sacrifice" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ammal, K.P. Janaki}}
[[Category:Indian women's rights activists]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India (Marxist) politicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:1917 births]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]
[[Category:Women in Tamil Nadu politics]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:People from Madurai district]]
[[Category:Women Indian independence activists]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]

K. P. Janaki Ammal - Revision history

Saurabh pal: further added layout for clarity also per sources

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