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slightly corrected page for consistency additionally and improved wording

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{{Short description|Eighth month of the Hindu lunar calendar}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2013}}
{{Infobox month
| image = Golden Paddy.jpg
| alt =
| caption = In [[Bengal]], Kartika is celebrated as the month when the main [[Paddy field|rice paddy]] crop is ready for harvest
| native_name = {{plainlist|*{{Native name|sa|कार्तिक}}
* {{Native name|bn|কার্তিক}}
}}
| calendar = * [[Hindu calendar]]
* [[Bengali calendar]]
| num = * 8 (Hindu calendar)
* 7 (Bengali calendar)
| days =
* 30 (Bangladesh)
* 29/30 (India)
| season = Autumn
| gregorian = October-November
| holidays = *[[Diwali]](Purnimanta/Solar)
*[[Karwa Chauth]]
(Purnimanta/Solar)
*[[Prabodhini Ekadashi]]
*[[Chhath]]
* [[Vaikuntha Ekadashi]](Amanta)
| prev_month = [[Ashvin (month)|Ashvin]] (Hindu)<br />[[Ashvin]] (Bengali)
| next_month = [[Agrahayana]] (Hindu)<br />[[Ogrohayon]] (Bengali)
}}
[[File:Varanasi 50a5 - Nag Nathaiya festival spectators (37018425203).jpg|thumb|[[Nag Nathaiya]] festival spectators in [[Varanasi]] in Kartik month.]]
{{Hinduism}}
'''Kārtika'''{{efn|alternate spelling: '''Karthika''' or '''Kartik'''}} ({{lang-bn|কার্তিক}} ''Kartik'', {{Lang-hi|कार्तिक}} ''Kārtika'', {{Lang-or|କାର୍ତ୍ତିକ}} ''Kārttika'', {{Lang-gu|કારતક}} ''Kārtak'', {{Lang-kn|ಕಾರ್ತಿಕ}} , [[Maithili language|Maithili]]: कातिक, {{Lang-mr|कार्तिक}}, {{lang-ne|कार्त्तिक}}, {{Lang-sa|कार्तिक}},<ref>[http://www.hindunet.org/hindu_calendar/ Hindu Calendar]</ref> {{Lang-te|కార్తీకం}}, {{lang-ta|கார்த்திகை}}) is the eighth month of the [[Hindu calendar]], which falls in October and November of the [[Gregorian calendar]].<ref>Henderson, Helene. (Ed.) (2005) ''Holidays, festivals, and celebrations of the world dictionary'' Third edition. Electronic edition. Detroit: Omnigraphics, p. xxix. {{ISBN|0-7808-0982-3}}</ref> In [[Indian national calendar|India's national civil calendar]], Kartika is the eighth month of the year, beginning on 23 October and ending on 21 November.

In most Hindu calendars, Kartika begins with the transit of the Sun into [[Libra (constellation)|Libra]], beginning on 18 October and lasting until 15 November. In the [[Vikram Samvat|Nepali calendar]], which is also the country's official calendar, [[Kartik (Nepali calendar)|Kartika]] is the seventh month of the year, similar to the Maithili and [[Bengali calendar]]s. In Bengal, Kartika marks the start of the [[dry season|dry]] [[Ritu (Indian season)|season]] ({{lang|bn|হেমন্ত}} ''Hemôntô''). In the solar [[Tamil calendar]], ''Kārttikai'' (கார்த்திகை, {{IPA|/kɑːrt̪iɡəj/}}) is the eighth month, corresponding to November/December in the [[Gregorian calendar]]. It begins when the sun enters the sign of [[Scorpius|Scorpio]]. Many festivals, such as [[Karthikai Deepam]], are celebrated in this month.

== Etymology ==
The name of the month is derived from the name of a star, [[Krittika]] ({{lang-ta|கார்த்திகை}}) [[nakshatra]].

==Festivals==
Several major religious holidays take place in Kartika. These are as follows:
# Part of [[Diwali]] ([[Hindu_calendar#amanta|amanta]] tradition): [[Balipratipada]] and [[Govardhan Puja]]/[[Annakut]] (Kartika 1), [[Bhai Dooj]] (Kartika 2)
# [[Diwali]] ([[Hindu_calendar#purnimanta|purnimanta]] tradition), including [[Govatsa Dwadashi]] (Kartika 12), [[Dhanteras]] (Kartika 13), [[Naraka Chaturdasi]] (Kartika 14), [[Kali Puja]] and [[Lakshmi Puja]] (Kartika 15), [[Balipratipada]] and [[Govardhan Puja]]/[[Annakut]] (Kartika 16), [[Bhai Dooj]] (Kartika 17)
# Chhath Mahaparv (Kartika 21)
# [[Kartik Poornima]] (Kartika 15 or Kartika 30)
# [[Sohrai]]
# Kartika Ekadashi (Kartika 11 or Kartika 26)
# [[Nag Nathaiya]] in [[Varanasi]]

The festival of Kartik Poornima (Kartika 15/30) falls in this month; it celebrated as '''Dev Deepavali''' in [[Varanasi]]. This coincides with the [[nirvana]] of the Jain [[Tirthankara]] [[Mahavira]], the birth of the Sikh Guru Nanak, [[Guru Nanak Jayanti]], and the well-known [[Ayyappan]] garland festival for the god of [[Sabarimalai]], which is also known as Tripuri Purnima.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Shukla Paksha
! Krishna Paksha
|-
| 1. [[Prathama (day)|Prathama]]
| 1. Prathama
|-
| 2. [[Dwitiya]]
| 2. Dwitiya
|-
| 3. [[Tritiya]]
| 3. Tritiya
|-
| 4. [[Chaturthi]]
| 4. Chaturthi
|-
| 5. [[Panchami]]
| 5. Panchami
|-
| 6. [[Shashti]]
| 6. Shashti
|-
| 7. [[Saptami]]
| 7. Saptami
|-
| 8. [[Ashtami]]
| 8. Ashtami
|-
| 9. [[Navami]]
| 9. Navami
|-
| 10. [[Dashami]]
| 10. Dashami
|-
| 11. [[Ekadashi]]
| 11. Ekadashi
|-
| 12. [[Dwadashi]]
| 12. Dwadashi
|-
| 13. [[Thrayodashi]]
| 13. Thrayodashi
|-
| 14. [[Chaturdashi]]
| 14. Chaturdashi
|-
| 15. [[Purnima (day)|Purnima]]
| 15. [[Amavasya]]
|}

The second day of Kartika's bright fortnight is also called Bhaatri Dwitiyaa (similar to [[Bhai Dooj]]). It is celebrated by sisters entertaining their brothers, following the legend of [[Yamuna]], who entertained her brother [[Yama]] on the same day.<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/78 78]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref>

[[Nag Nathaiya]] in [[Varanasi]], which falls on the fourth [[Tithi]] of Kartika's bright fortnight, is an ancient festival celebrating the god [[Krishna]]'s victory of good over evil. [[Kashi Naresh]] (the titular king of Varanasi) would view the festivities from his royal boat.

Every [[Monday]] and [[Ekadashi]] of this month are special and [[Abhisheka]] is offered to Lord Shiva on these oocasions. This month is also considered as the most auspicious month in the [[Hindu calendar]].

==See also==

* [[Astronomical basis of the Hindu calendar]]
*[[Hindu units of measurement]]
* [[Hindu astronomy]]
* [[Jyotisha]]

==References==
{{notelist}}
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.shaktipeethas.org/karthika-masam-t73.html Festivals in Karthika masam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124160441/http://www.shaktipeethas.org/karthika-masam-t73.html |date=2010-01-24 }}

{{Hindu calendar}}
{{Bengali calendar}}
{{Indian astronomy}}

[[Category:Months of the Hindu calendar|*08]]
[[Category:Months of the Bengali calendar]]

Kārtika (month) - Revision history

PorterStowell75: slightly corrected page for consistency additionally and improved wording

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article