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Death

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{{short description|British Army officer}}
{{about|the Scottish soldier of the Second Mysore War|other people of the same name|John Campbell (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox person
|name =John Campbell, of Stonefield
|image =Charles Peart, monumento funebre a john campbell, 1784.jpg
|birth_date ={{birth date|df=yes|1753|12|07}}
|birth_place =[[Dumbarton]], [[Scotland]]
|death_date ={{Death date and age|df=yes|1784|03|23|1753|12|07}}
|death_place =[[Bombay]], [[British India|India]]
|other_names =
|known_for =Defence of [[Mangalore]]
|occupation =[[British Army]] [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]]
}}
Lieutenant-Colonel '''John Campbell, of Stonefield''' (1753–1784) was a Scottish soldier known for his defence of [[Mangalore]].

== Early life ==
John Campbell was born at [[Dumbarton]] on 7 December 1753, the second son of [[John Campbell, Lord Stonefield|John Campbell of Stonefield]] (d. 1801), a judge of the [[Court of Session]], and Lady Grace Stuart (1725-1783),<ref>http://www.clanmacfarlanegenealogy.info/genealogy/TNGWebsite/getperson.php?personID=I5351&tree=CC</ref> sister to [[John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute]]. He was educated (1759–1763) at the [[Royal High School (Edinburgh)|Royal High School]], [[Edinburgh]].

== American Revolutionary War ==
Campbell joined the army as an ensign of the [[37th Regiment of Foot]] on 25 June 1771 and was appointed lieutenant in the [[7th Regiment of Foot|7th Fusiliers]] on 9 May 1774, serving in [[Province of Quebec (1763-1791)|Quebec]], where he was taken prisoner in the [[Siege of Fort St. Jean]] in 1775. On his release he continued his [[American Revolutionary War|American war]] service in the [[71st Regiment of Foot|71st Regiment of Foot (Fraser's Highlanders)]], being appointed a captain in December 1775, and a major of the [[74th Regiment of (Highland) Foot|74th Regiment of Foot (Argyleshire Highlanders)]] in December 1777.

== Second Mysore War ==
Campbell returned to [[England]] in 1780 and transferred into the [[100th Regiment of Foot (Loyal Lincolnshire Regiment)|100th Regiment of Foot]], as a major and then a lieutenant-colonel from 19 February 1781.

Having been diverted from the [[Cape Colony|Cape]] to the defence of [[British Raj|India]], he disembarked with his troops at [[Bombay]] on 26 January 1782, and subsequently transferred to the 2nd battalion [[Black Watch]], assuming its command in the [[Second Anglo-Mysore War|Second Mysore War]].

Early in 1783, Campbell distinguished himself in a successful engagement against [[Tipu Sultan]] at Paniana, receiving a serious wound. Forces under his command thereafter stormed the fort of [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Anantapur]] on the [[Malabar coast]].

== Siege of Mangalore ==
{{main|Siege of Mangalore}}
In May 1783 the Commander-in-Chief, Brigadier-General [[Richard Matthews (British Army officer)|Richard Matthews]], was accused of procrastination and suspended by the Government of Bombay, and Campbell received provisional command of the 1883-strong garrison at the strategic fort of Mangalore, but was soon after cut off by large concentrations of the enemy advancing from [[Bednore]].

Campbell held Mangalore against Tipu's direct assault from 23 May to 2 August 1783, in the course of which the embattled garrison suffered 749 killed or wounded. Campbell then accepted a truce, and the siege was converted to a blockade which continued until 24 January 1784, by which time deprivations and exposure had further reduced the garrison to 856 men fit for duty. Campbell's defence of Mangalore won a valuable respite for the British position in India by occupying almost the whole of Tipu's forces, contemporaneously reckoned at 140,000 men with 100 artillery pieces, for eight months. On 30 January 1783 the defenders capitulated to Tipu on excellent terms, and embarked for [[Thalassery|Tellicherry]] with the full honours of war.

== Death ==
Campbell died at Bombay of [[Tuberculosis|consumption]] aggravated by fatigue on 23 March 1784. He was buried in [[St. Thomas Cathedral, Mumbai]], in a monument sculpted by [[Charles Peart]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*H. M. Stephens, ‘Campbell, John (1753–1784)’, rev. D. L. Prior, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/4517 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]. Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved 27 September 2007.
*Robert Chambers and Thomas Thomson, ''A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen'' (Glasgow: Blackie, 1853).

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Campbell, John}}
[[Category:1753 births]]
[[Category:1784 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh]]
[[Category:37th Regiment of Foot officers]]
[[Category:Royal Fusiliers officers]]
[[Category:42nd Regiment of Foot officers]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War]]
[[Category:Clan Campbell|John]]
[[Category:18th-century deaths from tuberculosis]]
[[Category:People from Dumbarton]]
[[Category:History of Mangalore]]
[[Category:74th Highlanders officers]]
[[Category:71st Highlanders officers]]
[[Category:Tuberculosis deaths in India]]

John Campbell of Stonefield - Revision history

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