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{{Short description|Swedish Lutheran bishop}}
{{No footnotes|date=May 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| honorific_prefix = The Most Reverend
| title = President of the TELC and Bishop of Tranquebar
| image = Bishop Johannes Sandegren.jpg
| church = [[Tamil Evangelical Lutheran Church]]
| term = 1934–1956
| predecessor = David Bexell
| successor = Rajah Bushanam Manikam
| ordination = 16 December 1906 for the [[Diocese of Västerås]]
| consecration = 14 January 1934 at the [[New Jerusalem Church, Tranquebar]], India
| consecrated_by = David Bexell
| birth_date = 20 November 1883
| death_date = 15 November 1962
| nationality = [[Swedes|Swedish]]
}}

'''Johannes Teodor Hjalmar Sandegren''' (20 November 1883, [[Madurai]], [[India]] – 15 November 1962, [[Uppsala]], [[Sweden]]) was a Swedish [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] bishop active in India.<ref name="Cyclopedia" />

Sandegren was born in [[South India]] as part of a large circle of siblings to a [[Germans|German]]–[[Swedes|Swedish]] missionary family.<ref name="Anderson" /><ref name="Oddie" /> His parents were Dr. Jacob Sandegren and Theodore Kremmer.<ref name="Frykenberg" /><ref name="Oddie" /> His Swedish father had travelled to South India as a missionary, as early as 1869, and his parents met there. His mother was the daughter of a German missionary. Four of their sons became missionaries for the [[Church of Sweden]] in India.<ref name="Frykenberg" /> Johannes Sandegren was ordained in Västerås in 1906 and returned to India as a missionary in 1907.<ref name="Anderson" /> In 1915 he was back in Sweden, and became a [[Licentiate (degree)|licentiate]] in [[Sanskrit]] and religious history. In India, he was then active in Madurai. In 1927 he took the initiative to found TELC's theological college [[Gurukul Lutheran Theological College|Gurukul]], in [[Madras]], where he became the director.<ref name="Anderson" /> In 1934 he became Bishop of Tranquebar in the [[Tamil Evangelical Lutheran Church]] (TELC), and emeritus in 1956.<ref name="Oddie" /> During his tenure in India, Sandegren has acted as co-consecrator in the ordination of bishops for the [[Church of India, Burma and Ceylon]] and the [[Mar Thoma Syrian Church]].<ref name="Neill" /> He made a significant contributions to strengthening and uniting the various Lutheran churches in India. With his efforts, the ''Federation of the Evangelical Lutheran Churches in India'' (FELCI) was set up in 1928, where he succeeded in linking church formations in India with missionary organizations from different countries.<ref name="Anderson" /><ref name="Frykenberg" /> He produced a common hymnbook ''Cantica Evangelica'' in 1926 (several later editions), and a common liturgy. TELC had diaspora work in [[Malaysia]] and in 1952, Sandegren took the initiative for this to develop into an independent Lutheran church with its own bishop. Against this background, he was also actively involved in ecumenical activities in India and sought further church unions. In 1932 he was appointed Doctor of Theology honoris causa at the [[University of Rostock]]. Sandegren became a member of the Order of the Northern Star in 1934.<ref name="Cyclopedia">{{Cite web |title=Christian Cyclopedia |url=https://cyclopedia.lcms.org/definitions?mode=index&page=0&index=SANDEGREN.JOHANNES |access-date=2025-05-07 |website=cyclopedia.lcms.org}}</ref><ref name="Frykenberg">{{Cite book |last1=Frykenberg |first1=Robert Eric |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jgubl3CQQDgC |title=India and the Indianness of Christianity: Essays on Understanding -- Historical, Theological, and Bibliographical -- in Honor of Robert Eric Frykenberg |last2=Young |first2=Richard Fox |date=2009 |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing |isbn=978-0-8028-6392-8 |pages=197–216 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Anderson">{{Cite book |last=Anderson |first=Gerald H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oQ8BFk9K0ToC |title=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions |date=1999 |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing |isbn=978-0-8028-4680-8 |pages=590 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Oddie">{{Cite book |last=Oddie |first=Geoffrey A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MosECwAAQBAJ |title=Religious Traditions in South Asia: Interaction and Change |date=2022-02-22 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-78924-3 |pages=135–136 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Neill">{{Cite book |last=Neill |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Neill |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vLJIAAAAMAAJ |title=Towards Church Union, 1937-1952: A Survey of Approaches to Closer Union Among the Churches |date=1952 |publisher=Faith and Order Commission of the World Council of Churches by the SCM Press |pages=39 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Asirvadam |first=J. D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=66NIAAAAMAAJ |title=Johannes Sandegren, the Third Bishop of Tranquebar |date=1962 |publisher=Christian Literature Society |pages=1–67 |language=en}}</ref>{{refbomb|date=May 2025}}

==See also==
*[[Tranquebar Mission]]
*[[Tharangambadi]]
*[[Christianity in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:1962 deaths]]
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:People from Madurai]]
[[Category:Christian missionaries in India]]
[[Category:Swedish missionaries]]
[[Category:20th-century Swedish Lutheran priests]]
[[Category:20th-century Swedish Lutheran bishops]]

{{Sweden-Lutheran-bishop-stub}}

Johannes Sandegren - Revision history

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