->BeauSuzanne at 12:05, 7 January 2022

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{{short description|1998 film by Jamil Dehlavi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox film
| name = {{PAGENAMEBASE}}
| image = Jinnah movie poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Jamil Dehlavi]]
| producer = Jamil Dehlavi
| writer =
| screenplay = [[Akbar S. Ahmed]] Jamil Dehlavi
| story =
| narrator = [[Shashi Kapoor]]
| based_on =
| starring = {{Plain list|
* [[Christopher Lee]]
* [[Shashi Kapoor]]
* [[James Fox]]
* [[Maria Aitken]]
* [[Richard Lintern]]
* Shireen Shah
* [[Indira Varma]]
* [[Shakeel]]
}}
| music = [[Nigel Clarke (composer)|Nigel Clarke]] [[Michael|Michael Csányi-Wills]]
| cinematography = Nicholas D. Knowland
| editing = Robert M. Reitano Paul Hodgson
| studio = The Quaid Project Limited (UK)<ref>{{cite news| url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/988833/leghari-and-the-making-of-jinnah/ | title=Leghari and the making of 'Jinnah' |newspaper=The Express Tribune (newspaper) | date=10 November 2015 | access-date=24 October 2020 | author=Akbar S Ahmed}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://pakistanlink.org/Commentary/2015/Aug15/14/02.HTM |title='Jinnah': A Celluloid Salute to the Giant |website=Pakistan Link (U.S. newspaper)| access-date=24 October 2020|author=Farhana Mohamed}}</ref>
| distributor = Dehlavi Films Productions
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1998|11|7|UK}}
| runtime = 110 minutes
| country = Pakistan United Kingdom
| language = English Urdu
| budget = $6 million<ref>{{Citation|last=Dehlavi|first=Jamil|title=Jinnah|date=1998-11-07|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0183306/|type=Biography, Drama, War|others=Christopher Lee, Shireen Shah, James Curran, Zafar Hameed|publisher=Dehlavi Films, Petra Film, The Quaid Project|access-date=2020-09-08}}</ref>
}}
'''''Jinnah''''' is a 1998 Pakistani{{ndash}}British [[Epic film|epic]] [[biographical film]] which follows the life of the founder of [[Pakistan]], [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]. It was directed by [[Jamil Dehlavi]], and written by [[Akbar S. Ahmed]] and [[Jamil Dehlavi]]. It stars [[Christopher Lee]] in the lead role as Jinnah.

==Plot==
The film opens with the words of Professor [[Stanley Wolpert]]:
{{cquote|<center>Few individuals significantly alter the course of history. Fewer still modify the map of the world. Hardly anyone can be credited with creating a nation-state. [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] did all three.</center>|cquote}}

The guide takes Jinnah to 1947 where, at the Cromwell Conference with [[Lord Mountbatten]], Jinnah [[Partition of India|demanded a homeland]] for Indian Muslims. After [[World War II]], the British Imperial Government intends to withdraw and grant independence to the subcontinent. This would mean a Hindu-dominated state. Religious tensions between [[Hindus]] and [[Muslims]] were increasing after the Second World War.
Flashbacks resume when the Guide recounts the marital life of Jinnah, when he fell in love and married a [[Parsi]] named [[Rattanbai Petit]], later known against the will of her parents, mainly on grounds of religion and the difference in their ages. In 1922, Jinnah faces political isolation as he devoted every spare moment to be the voice of moderation in a nation torn by Hindu-Muslim antipathy. That created tension between Rattanbai and Jinnah. She finally leaves him with their daughter in September 1922, and they eventually separate in 1927. Rattanbai died of cancer on 18 February 1929. The death of Rattanbai had a huge impact on Jinnah's life and his fight for Pakistan. He went back to British India in order to start a political journey of the [[two-nation theory]]. In 1940, the Muslim League annual conference is held from 22 to 24 March. Jinnah addresses thousands of Muslims and gives them the assurance of the birth of Pakistan.

The Guide questions Jinnah as to who he loves the most apart from Ruttie and Fatima. He then mentioned his [[Dina Wadia|daughter]], who married a [[Neville Wadia|Parsi boy]] without his permission.

While he was addressing a Muslim League conference in 1947, Muslims fanatics attacked the conference and argued that if Pakistan is to be a Muslim state, it cannot give equal rights to women and non-Muslims. Jinnah replies that Islam doesn't need fanatics but people with vision who can build the country. However, the [[partition of India]] was carried out, and the Guide and Jinnah saw the massacre of Muslims in migration done by Hindus and Sikhs. Jinnah is sworn in as the first [[Governor-General of Pakistan]] and announces [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] as the first [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]].

After independence and the end of [[British rule]], Pakistan stands as a new nation and sanctuary for the Muslims of the subcontinent. Jinnah is given the title of ''[[Quaid-e-Azam]]'' of Pakistan. Jinnah waits for the first train carrying Muslims who left India for Pakistan, but when the train arrives, they are all found dead save for one infant child. Fatimah and [[Edwina Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma|Lady Edwina Mountbatten]] visit refugees and Lady Mountbatten learns the importance of independence. Mountbatten betrays Jinnah as the [[Hindu Maharaja]] of [[Kashmir]], [[Hari Singh|Sir Hari Singh]], stalls his decision on which nation to join. With the population in revolt in October 1947, aided by Pakistani irregulars, the Maharaja accedes to India; Indian troops are airlifted in. Jinnah objects to that and orders that Pakistani troops move into Kashmir, which leads to a [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|war between India and Pakistan]] then and afterward from time to time in the [[Kashmir conflict]].

The film jumps into a final fictional scene of Lord [[Louis Mountbatten|Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma]] (last Viceroy of India) in a Heavenly Court. Jinnah is fighting a case against him over his betrayal. The film ends with Jinnah and his angel judge traveling back in time to the scene of Muslim refugees. Jinnah expresses his sorrow over the plight of the refugees during the division of [[Punjab]]. They chant "[[Pakistan Zindabad]]" in response, which ends the film.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Christopher Lee]] as [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah|Mohammad Ali Jinnah]]<ref name=BBC/><ref name=CITWF/><ref name=Dawn/>
* [[Shashi Kapoor]] as Narrator<ref>[http://cineplot.com/indian-artistes-who-contributed-to-pakistani-film-industry/ Indian artistes who contributed to Pakistani Film Industry] Cineplot.com website, Published 25 May 2011, Retrieved 24 October 2020</ref><ref name=CITWF/><ref name=Dawn/>
* [[James Fox]] as [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Lord Louis Mountbatten]]<ref name=CITWF>[http://www.citwf.com/film174559.htm Jinnah (film) on Complete Index To World Film (CITWF) website] Retrieved 24 October 2020</ref><ref name=Dawn/>
* [[Maria Aitken]] as [[Edwina Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma|Edwina Mountbatten]]
* [[Richard Lintern]] as Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Younger)
* Shireen Shah as [[Fatima Jinnah]]
* [[Indira Varma]] as [[Rattanbai Petit|Rattanbai ('Ruttie') Jinnah]]<ref name=CITWF/>
* [[Robert Ashby]] as [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
* [[Sam Dastor]] as [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi]]<ref name=CITWF/>
* [[Shakeel]] as [[Liaquat Ali Khan]]<ref name=Dawn/>
* [[Vaneeza Ahmed]] as [[Dina Wadia]]<ref name=Dawn/>
* Nafees Ahmed as Dina Wadia (Younger)
* Shoaib Shaikh as [[Neville Wadia]]
* [[Roger Brierley]] as Judge
* [[Vernon Dobtcheff]] as [[Lord Willingdon]]
* [[Rowena Cooper]] as [[Marie Freeman-Thomas, Marchioness of Willingdon|Lady Willingdon]]
* James Curran as Colonel Knowles
* [[Michael Elwyn]] as [[Cyril Radcliffe, 1st Viscount Radcliffe|Sir Cyril Radcliffe]]
* [[Ian Gelder]] as the English police officer
* [[Christopher Godwin]] as Recruitment officer In charge
* [[John Grillo]] as [[Dinshaw Maneckji Petit|Sir Dinshaw Petit]]
* [[Talat Hussain (actor)|Talat Hussain]] as Refugee<ref name=Dawn/>
* [[Ubaida Ansari]] as Ayah
* [[John Nettleton (actor)|John Nettleton]] as [[Douglas Gracey|General Gracey]]
* [[David Quilter]] as Porrit
* [[Khayyam Sarhadi]] as [[Abdur Rab Nishtar]]
* [[David Sterne]] as Birtwhistle
* [[Marc Zuber]] as Allama [[Muhammad Iqbal]]
* Shahid Iqbal as Barrister [[M. C. Chagla]]
* Mervyn Hosein as [[Abul Kalam Azad]]
* Stephen Mortlock as the English Reporter
* Sana Sameer Fetouh as Zakiya
}}

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Jinnah
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[Nigel Clarke (composer)|Nigel Clarke]] and [[Michael|Michael Csányi-Wills]]
}}
{{tracklist
| headline = Track listing
| all_music =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = {{Duration|m=|s=}}
| title1 = Azadi
| extra1 = [[Ali Azmat]], Samina Ahmed
| lyrics1 = [[Salman Ahmad]] (composition), [[Sabir Zafar]]
| length1 =
}}

== Critical reception==
It received an overwhelmingly positive response in Pakistan. Christopher Lee spoke highly of the film, calling his performance in it the best of his career as well as stressing the importance of the film.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3733894.stm | title=Christopher Lee on the making of legends | publisher=BBC | date=11 October 2004 | access-date=24 October 2020|author=Lindrea, Victoria}}</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CE_1ofnBFos Christopher Lee talks about his favorite role - video on YouTube] Published 27 June 2007, Retrieved 24 October 2020</ref>

{{cquote|The most important film I made, in terms of its subject and the great responsibility I had as an actor was a film I did about the founder of Pakistan, called ''Jinnah''.

It had the best reviews I've ever had in my entire career—as a film and as a performance. But ultimately it was never shown at the cinemas.
}}

However, the casting of Christopher Lee in lead role led to a large amount of media controversy in Pakistan because of his previous roles in [[horror films]] and [[vampire films]] as Count Dracula, with Lee having received death threats which required personal bodyguards during filming. BBC News reported that the threats were due to his previous film roles and not that he was a European playing an Asian.<ref name=BBC>{{cite web | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/180736.stm | title=World: South Asia Troubled Jinnah movie opens | publisher=BBC NEWS| date=26 September 1998| access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref>

==International awards==
* Grand Prize - [[Zanzibar International Film Festival]]<ref name=Dawn/>
* Best International Film - World Film Awards, [[Indonesia]]<ref name=Dawn/><ref name=Tribune/>
* Gold Award Best Foreign Film - Worldfest Flagstaff<ref name=Tribune/>
* Silver Award, 1999 - [[WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival]]<ref>[https://worldfest.org/ Worldfest - List of Winners: All Previous Years], ''Worldfest''.</ref><ref name=Dawn/>
* [[Golden Pyramid Award]] Nomination - [[Cairo International Film Festival]]<ref name=Dawn>[https://www.dawn.com/news/1466015/jinnah-screening-at-iac-on-march-4 Jinnah screeninig at IAC on March 4] Dawn (newspaper), Published 26 February 2019, Retrieved 24 October 2020</ref><ref name=Tribune>{{cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1924108/jamil-dehlavis-jinnah-screened-lahore |title=Jamil Dehlavi's 'Jinnah' to be screened in Lahore|newspaper=The Express Tribune (newspaper)|date= 6 March 2019|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Islamic films]]
* [[Cinema in Pakistan]]
* [[List of Asian historical drama films]]
* [[List of artistic depictions of Mahatma Gandhi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Amg movie}}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3733894.stm Christopher Lee on the making of legends and ''Jinnah'']
* [http://www.asiansinmedia.org/news/article.php/television/501 Christopher Lee launches film about Jinnah in London (Asians in Media Magazine)]

===Film reviews ===
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/world/south_asia/180736.stm Troubled Jinnah movie opens (BBC News, September, 1998)]
* [http://www.iofilm.co.uk/fm/j/jinnah_1998.shtml IO Film Reviews]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061030232126/http://www.close-upfilm.com/reviews/j/jinnah.htm Close-up Film Review: ''Jinnah'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051027110309/http://www.jmk.su.se/global02/stereotypes/rizwan.htm "Jinnah the Movie" reviews by Rizwan]

{{Jinnah}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jinnah (film)}}
[[Category:1998 films]]
[[Category:1990s biographical films]]
[[Category:1990s historical films]]
[[Category:Pakistani films]]
[[Category:Pakistani biographical films]]
[[Category:Pakistani multilingual films]]
[[Category:British multilingual films]]
[[Category:Pakistani epic films]]
[[Category:Films set in 1947]]
[[Category:British Pakistani films]]
[[Category:British films]]
[[Category:British biographical films]]
[[Category:British epic films]]
[[Category:Urdu-language films]]
[[Category:English-language Pakistani films]]
[[Category:History of Pakistan on film]]
[[Category:Epic films based on actual events]]
[[Category:Films set in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Films set in India]]
[[Category:Films set in the British Raj]]
[[Category:Films set in the Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Films set in the partition of India]]
[[Category:History of India on film]]
[[Category:Films shot in Karachi]]
[[Category:Historical epic films]]
[[Category:Media related to Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Jawaharlal Nehru]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Mahatma Gandhi]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma]]
[[Category:Heaven in popular culture]]
[[Category:Films about Islam]]

Jinnah (film) - Revision history

->BeauSuzanne at 12:05, 7 January 2022