Jinnah–Mountbatten talks - Revision history

Babakigadi123: small changes

2025-02-08T16:55:36Z

small changes

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			{{Short description\|1947 talks to address the Kashmir conflict}}
	{{EngvarB\|date=July 2016}}		{{EngvarB\|date=July 2016}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2016}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2016}}
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	\| date_expiry = <!-- {{End date\|df=yes\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} -->		\| date_expiry = <!-- {{End date\|df=yes\|YYYY\|MM\|DD}} -->
	\| mediators = <!-- format this as a bullet list -->		\| mediators = <!-- format this as a bullet list -->
	\| negotiators =[[~~Mohammad~~ Ali Jinnah]]<br><small>([[Governor-General of Pakistan]])</small><br>[[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]]<br><small>([[Governor-General of India]])</small>		\| negotiators =[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]<br><small>([[Governor-General of Pakistan]])</small><br>[[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]]<br><small>([[Governor-General of India]])</small>
	\| signatories = <!-- format this as a bullet list -->		\| signatories = <!-- format this as a bullet list -->
	\| parties ={{flagicon\|Pakistan}} [[Dominion of Pakistan\|Pakistan]]<br>{{flagicon\|India}} [[Dominion of India\|India]]		\| parties ={{flagicon\|Pakistan}} [[Dominion of Pakistan\|Pakistan]]<br>{{flagicon\|India}} [[Dominion of India\|India]]
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	}}		}}

	The '''Jinnah–Mountbatten ~~Talks~~''' were [[Bilateral contract\|bilateral talks]] held in [[Lahore]] between the ~~Governor~~-~~Generals~~ [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] of Pakistan and India, to address the [[Kashmir conflict\|Kashmir dispute]]. The talks were held on 1 November 1947, five days after India dispatched its troops to defend the princely state of Kashmir(which was a Muslim majority state recently acceded to India) against a [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947\|tribal invasion]]. In the talks, Mountbatten presented India's offer to hold an impartial [[plebiscite]] under the United Nations auspices to decide the accession of Kashmir. Jinnah effectively rejected the offer.{{sfn\|Moore, Making the new Commonwealth\|1987\|p=57}}{{sfn\|Noorani, The Kashmir Dispute\|2014\|pp=13–14}}{{sfn\|Raghavan, War and Peace in Modern India\|2010\|p=111}}		The '''Jinnah–Mountbatten talks''' were [[Bilateral contract\|bilateral talks]] held in [[Lahore]] between the Governors-General [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] of Pakistan and India, to address the [[Kashmir conflict\|Kashmir dispute]]. The talks were held on 1 November 1947, five days after India dispatched its troops to defend the princely state of Kashmir(which was a Muslim majority state recently acceded to India) against a [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947\|tribal invasion]]. In the talks, Mountbatten presented India's offer to hold an impartial [[plebiscite]] under the United Nations auspices to decide the accession of Kashmir. Jinnah effectively rejected the offer unless there was a full withdrawal of the Indian forces{{sfn\|Moore, Making the new Commonwealth\|1987\|p=57}}{{sfn\|Noorani, The Kashmir Dispute\|2014\|pp=13–14}}{{sfn\|Raghavan, War and Peace in Modern India\|2010\|p=111}}

	== Background ==		== Background ==
	Officially, the talks were to be held between the ~~Governor~~-~~Generals~~ and Prime Ministers of [[India and Pakistan]] at the state level, focused on the Kashmir dispute on November 1947.<ref name="Allied Publ.">{{cite book\|last=Ghose\|first=Sankar\|title=Jawaharlal Nehru : a biography\|year=1993\|publisher=Allied Publ.\|location=New Delhi [u.a.]\|isbn=8170233690\|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> The [[British government]] originally facilitated the negotiations in New Delhi, but the venue of the meeting was changed to [[Lahore]]. Before the negotiations started, Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru\|Nehru]] fell ill and his [[Deputy Prime Minister of India\|Deputy PM]], [[Vallabhbhai Patel]], refused to come to Lahore, stating "there was nothing to discuss with Pakistan's leadership."<ref name="Orient Longman">{{cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Iqbal\|title=Between two fires : towards an understanding of Jawaharlal Nehru's foreign policy\|year=1992\|publisher=Orient Longman\|location=Hyderabad\|isbn=812501585X\|edition=1st publ.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/betweentwofiresv00iqba}}</ref>		Officially, the talks were to be held between the Governors-General and Prime Ministers of [[India and Pakistan]] at the state level, focused on the Kashmir dispute in November 1947.<ref name="Allied Publ.">{{cite book\|last=Ghose\|first=Sankar\|title=Jawaharlal Nehru : a biography\|year=1993\|publisher=Allied Publ.\|location=New Delhi [u.a.]\|isbn=8170233690\|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> The [[British government]] originally facilitated the negotiations in New Delhi, but the venue of the meeting was changed to [[Lahore]]. Before the negotiations started, Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru\|Nehru]] fell ill and his [[Deputy Prime Minister of India\|Deputy PM]], [[Vallabhbhai Patel]], refused to come to Lahore, stating "there was nothing to discuss with Pakistan's leadership."<ref name="Orient Longman">{{cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Iqbal\|title=Between two fires : towards an understanding of Jawaharlal Nehru's foreign policy\|year=1992\|publisher=Orient Longman\|location=Hyderabad\|isbn=812501585X\|edition=1st publ.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/betweentwofiresv00iqba}}</ref>

	== Talks ==		== Talks ==
	On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the ~~Governor~~-~~Generals~~ of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book\|last=Bhandari\|first=M.C.\|title=Solving Kashmir\|page=149\|year=2006\|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir\|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces\|military]] support for the [[~~Pakistan-occupied~~ Kashmir Regiment\|~~Pakistan-occupied~~ Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book\|last=Chitkara\|first=M. G.\|title=Kashmir : LoC\|year=2003\|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}}		On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the Governors-General of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book\|last=Bhandari\|first=M.C.\|title=Solving Kashmir\|page=149\|year=2006\|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir\|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces\|military]] support for the [[Azad Kashmir Regiment\|Azad Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book\|last=Chitkara\|first=M. G.\|title=Kashmir : LoC\|year=2003\|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}}

	== Analysis ==		== Analysis ==
	From the perspective of many authors, Jinnah was also convinced that a plebiscite under the supervision of the Indian Army would be sabotaged. Instead, he proposed an immediate and simultaneous withdrawal on both sides, including the Pakistani military and their allies, [[Pashtun tribes\|Pathan tribesmen]], and the Indian troops.<ref name=Hurst>{{cite book\|last=Bajwa\|first=Farooq\|title=From Kutch to Tashkent : the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965\|year=2013\|publisher=Hurst\|location=London, England\|isbn=~~1849042306~~\|edition=1. publ.}}</ref>{{failed verification\|date=July 2017}} Hearing the proposal, Mountbatten told Jinnah that he needed the consent of Nehru and Patel.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}} The talks failed to reach agreement and the Kashmir issue was [[UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute\|referred to the United Nations]].<ref name=Behuria>{{citation \|last=Behuria \|first=Ashok \|chapter=India–Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue (1947–2009): A historical perspective \|editor1=Sagarika Dutt \|editor2=Alok Bansal \|title=South Asian Security: 21st Century Discourses \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTQ48I6UvkcC&pg=PR8 \|year=2013 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-136-61767-6 \|pages=65–82 \|ref={{sfnref\|Behuria, India–Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue\|2013}}}}</ref>		From the perspective of many authors, Jinnah was also convinced that a plebiscite under the supervision of the Indian Army would be sabotaged. Instead, he proposed an immediate and simultaneous withdrawal on both sides, including the Pakistani military and their allies, [[Pashtun tribes\|Pathan tribesmen]], and the Indian troops.<ref name=Hurst>{{cite book\|last=Bajwa\|first=Farooq\|title=From Kutch to Tashkent : the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965\|year=2013\|publisher=Hurst\|location=London, England\|isbn=978-1849042307\|edition=1. publ.}}</ref>{{failed verification\|date=July 2017}} Hearing the proposal, Mountbatten told Jinnah that he needed the consent of Nehru and Patel.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}} The talks failed to reach agreement and the Kashmir issue was [[UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute\|referred to the United Nations]].<ref name=Behuria>{{citation \|last=Behuria \|first=Ashok \|chapter=India–Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue (1947–2009): A historical perspective \|editor1=Sagarika Dutt \|editor2=Alok Bansal \|title=South Asian Security: 21st Century Discourses \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTQ48I6UvkcC&pg=PR8 \|year=2013 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-136-61767-6 \|pages=65–82 \|ref={{sfnref\|Behuria, India–Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue\|2013}}}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==
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	==External links==		==External links==
	* {{cite web\|last=staff writers, el. al.\|title=Jinnah – Mountbatten Talks\|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/jinnah-mountbatten-talks/\|work~~=Story of Pakistan, Nazaria-e-Pakistan Trust\|publisher~~=Story of Pakistan, Nazaria-e-Pakistan Trust\|access-date=21 March 2014\|date=1 June 2003}}		* {{cite web\|last=staff writers, el. al.\|title=Jinnah – Mountbatten Talks\|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/jinnah-mountbatten-talks/\|work=Story of Pakistan, Nazaria-e-Pakistan Trust\|access-date=21 March 2014\|date=1 June 2003}}
	* {{cite web\|title=Jinnah and Kashmir\|url=http://www.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66&Itemid=22&limitstart=1\|work~~=AJK Government\|publisher~~=AJK Government\|access-date=21 March 2014\|display-authors=etal}}		* {{cite web\|title=Jinnah and Kashmir\|url=http://www.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66&Itemid=22&limitstart=1\|work=AJK Government\|access-date=21 March 2014\|display-authors=etal}}
	* {{cite web\|last=Zargar\|first=Abdul Majid\|title=Jinnah-Mountbatten Talks on Kashmir\|url=http://www.countercurrents.org/zargar210513.htm\|work~~=Current events\|publisher~~=Current events\|access-date=21 March 2014}}		* {{cite web\|last=Zargar\|first=Abdul Majid\|title=Jinnah-Mountbatten Talks on Kashmir\|url=http://www.countercurrents.org/zargar210513.htm\|work=Current events\|access-date=21 March 2014}}

	{{Kashmir conflict}}		{{Kashmir conflict}}
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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Jinnah-Mountbatten Talks}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Jinnah-Mountbatten Talks}}
	~~[[Category:Diplomatic conferences in Pakistan]]~~
	~~[[Category:India–Pakistan relations]]~~
	~~[[Category:Government of Liaquat Ali Khan]]~~
	[[Category:1947 in politics]]		[[Category:1947 in politics]]
	[[Category:1947 in India]]		[[Category:1947 in India]]
	[[Category:1947 in Pakistan]]		[[Category:1947 in Pakistan]]
	[[Category:1947 in international relations]]		[[Category:1947 in international relations]]
			[[Category:1947 conferences]]
			[[Category:November 1947 in Asia]]
			[[Category:Diplomatic conferences in Pakistan]]
			[[Category:India–Pakistan relations]]
			[[Category:Government of Liaquat Ali Khan]]
	[[Category:History of the foreign relations of Pakistan]]		[[Category:History of the foreign relations of Pakistan]]
	[[Category:Diplomacy regarding the Kashmir conflict]]		[[Category:Diplomacy regarding the Kashmir conflict]]
	[[Category:~~1947 conferences~~]]		[[Category:Lord Mountbatten]]
			[[Category:Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]

Bot at 09:40, 7 August 2022

2022-08-07T09:40:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:10, 7 August 2022
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	}}		}}

	The '''Jinnah–Mountbatten Talks''' were [[Bilateral contract\|bilateral talks]] held in [[Lahore]] between the Governor-Generals [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] of Pakistan and India, to address the [[Kashmir conflict\|Kashmir dispute]]. The talks were held on 1 November 1947, five days after India dispatched its troops to defend Kashmir against a ~~Pakistan-backed~~ [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947\|tribal invasion]]. In the talks, Mountbatten presented India's offer to hold an impartial [[plebiscite]] under the United Nations auspices to decide the accession of Kashmir. Jinnah effectively rejected the offer.{{sfn\|Moore, Making the new Commonwealth\|1987\|p=57}}{{sfn\|Noorani, The Kashmir Dispute\|2014\|pp=13–14}}{{sfn\|Raghavan, War and Peace in Modern India\|2010\|p=111}}		The '''Jinnah–Mountbatten Talks''' were [[Bilateral contract\|bilateral talks]] held in [[Lahore]] between the Governor-Generals [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] of Pakistan and India, to address the [[Kashmir conflict\|Kashmir dispute]]. The talks were held on 1 November 1947, five days after India dispatched its troops to defend the princely state of Kashmir(which was a Muslim majority state recently acceded to India) against a [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947\|tribal invasion]]. In the talks, Mountbatten presented India's offer to hold an impartial [[plebiscite]] under the United Nations auspices to decide the accession of Kashmir. Jinnah effectively rejected the offer.{{sfn\|Moore, Making the new Commonwealth\|1987\|p=57}}{{sfn\|Noorani, The Kashmir Dispute\|2014\|pp=13–14}}{{sfn\|Raghavan, War and Peace in Modern India\|2010\|p=111}}

	== Background ==		== Background ==
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	== Talks ==		== Talks ==
	On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the Governor-Generals of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book\|last=Bhandari\|first=M.C.\|title=Solving Kashmir\|page=149\|year=2006\|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir\|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces\|military]] support for the [[~~Azad~~ Kashmir Regiment\|~~Azad~~ Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book\|last=Chitkara\|first=M. G.\|title=Kashmir : LoC\|year=2003\|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}}		On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the Governor-Generals of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book\|last=Bhandari\|first=M.C.\|title=Solving Kashmir\|page=149\|year=2006\|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir\|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces\|military]] support for the [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir Regiment\|Pakistan-occupied Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book\|last=Chitkara\|first=M. G.\|title=Kashmir : LoC\|year=2003\|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}}

	== Analysis ==		== Analysis ==

39.50.228.240: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-06-05T07:53:53Z

robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:23, 5 June 2022
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	== Background ==		== Background ==
	Officially, the talks were to be held between the ~~Governors~~-~~General~~ and Prime Ministers of [[India and Pakistan]] at the state level, focused on the Kashmir dispute on November 1947.<ref name="Allied Publ.">{{cite book\|last=Ghose\|first=Sankar\|title=Jawaharlal Nehru : a biography\|year=1993\|publisher=Allied Publ.\|location=New Delhi [u.a.]\|isbn=8170233690\|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> The [[British government]] originally facilitated the negotiations in New Delhi, but the venue of the meeting was changed to [[Lahore]]. Before the negotiations started, Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru\|Nehru]] fell ill and his [[Deputy Prime Minister of India\|Deputy PM]], [[Vallabhbhai Patel]], refused to come to Lahore, stating "there was nothing to discuss with Pakistan's leadership."<ref name="Orient Longman">{{cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Iqbal\|title=Between two fires : towards an understanding of Jawaharlal Nehru's foreign policy\|year=1992\|publisher=Orient Longman\|location=Hyderabad\|isbn=812501585X\|edition=1st publ.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/betweentwofiresv00iqba}}</ref>		Officially, the talks were to be held between the Governor-Generals and Prime Ministers of [[India and Pakistan]] at the state level, focused on the Kashmir dispute on November 1947.<ref name="Allied Publ.">{{cite book\|last=Ghose\|first=Sankar\|title=Jawaharlal Nehru : a biography\|year=1993\|publisher=Allied Publ.\|location=New Delhi [u.a.]\|isbn=8170233690\|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> The [[British government]] originally facilitated the negotiations in New Delhi, but the venue of the meeting was changed to [[Lahore]]. Before the negotiations started, Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru\|Nehru]] fell ill and his [[Deputy Prime Minister of India\|Deputy PM]], [[Vallabhbhai Patel]], refused to come to Lahore, stating "there was nothing to discuss with Pakistan's leadership."<ref name="Orient Longman">{{cite book\|last=Singh\|first=Iqbal\|title=Between two fires : towards an understanding of Jawaharlal Nehru's foreign policy\|year=1992\|publisher=Orient Longman\|location=Hyderabad\|isbn=812501585X\|edition=1st publ.\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/betweentwofiresv00iqba}}</ref>

	== Talks ==		== Talks ==
	On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the ~~Governors~~-~~General~~ of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book\|last=Bhandari\|first=M.C.\|title=Solving Kashmir\|page=149\|year=2006\|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir\|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces\|military]] support for the [[Azad Kashmir Regiment\|Azad Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book\|last=Chitkara\|first=M. G.\|title=Kashmir : LoC\|year=2003\|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}}		On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma\|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the Governor-Generals of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book\|last=Bhandari\|first=M.C.\|title=Solving Kashmir\|page=149\|year=2006\|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir\|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces\|military]] support for the [[Azad Kashmir Regiment\|Azad Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book\|last=Chitkara\|first=M. G.\|title=Kashmir : LoC\|year=2003\|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.\|location=New Delhi\|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}}

	== Analysis ==		== Analysis ==

>Rodw: Disambiguating links to Jammu and Kashmir (link changed to Jammu and Kashmir (state)) using DisamAssist.

2021-04-15T20:48:04Z

Disambiguating links to Jammu and Kashmir (link changed to Jammu and Kashmir (state)) using DisamAssist.

New page

{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox treaty
| name =Jinnah–Mountbatten Talks
| long_name =
|
| rep = 
| image =Mountbatten Jinnah.jpg
| image_width =260px
| image_alt = 
| caption =[[Ma jinnah|Jinnah]] with the [[Mountbatten of Burma|Mountbattens]], circa. 1947
|
| type =
| context =Pertaining to resolve the [[Kashmir conflict]]
|
| date_drafted =
| date_signed =
| location_signed =
| date_sealed ={{Start date|df=yes|1947|11|01}}
| date_effective =
| condition_effective =
| date_expiration = 
| date_expiry = 
| mediators = 
| negotiators =[[Mohammad Ali Jinnah]] ([[Governor-General of Pakistan]]) [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Louis Mountbatten]] ([[Governor-General of India]])
| signatories = 
| parties ={{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Dominion of Pakistan|Pakistan]] {{flagicon|India}} [[Dominion of India|India]]
| ratifiers = 
| depositor = 
| depositories = 
| citations = 
|
| language =English
| languages = 
|
| wikisource = 
| wikisource1 = 
}}

The '''Jinnah–Mountbatten Talks''' were [[Bilateral contract|bilateral talks]] held in [[Lahore]] between the Governor-Generals [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Louis Mountbatten]] of Pakistan and India, to address the [[Kashmir conflict|Kashmir dispute]]. The talks were held on 1 November 1947, five days after India dispatched its troops to defend Kashmir against a Pakistan-backed [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|tribal invasion]]. In the talks, Mountbatten presented India's offer to hold an impartial [[plebiscite]] under the United Nations auspices to decide the accession of Kashmir. Jinnah effectively rejected the offer.{{sfn|Moore, Making the new Commonwealth|1987|p=57}}{{sfn|Noorani, The Kashmir Dispute|2014|pp=13–14}}{{sfn|Raghavan, War and Peace in Modern India|2010|p=111}}

== Background ==
Officially, the talks were to be held between the Governors-General and Prime Ministers of [[India and Pakistan]] at the state level, focused on the Kashmir dispute on November 1947.<ref name="Allied Publ.">{{cite book|last=Ghose|first=Sankar|title=Jawaharlal Nehru : a biography|year=1993|publisher=Allied Publ.|location=New Delhi [u.a.]|isbn=8170233690|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> The [[British government]] originally facilitated the negotiations in New Delhi, but the venue of the meeting was changed to [[Lahore]]. Before the negotiations started, Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru|Nehru]] fell ill and his [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|Deputy PM]], [[Vallabhbhai Patel]], refused to come to Lahore, stating "there was nothing to discuss with Pakistan's leadership."<ref name="Orient Longman">{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Iqbal|title=Between two fires : towards an understanding of Jawaharlal Nehru's foreign policy|year=1992|publisher=Orient Longman|location=Hyderabad|isbn=812501585X|edition=1st publ.|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/betweentwofiresv00iqba}}</ref>

== Talks ==
On 1 November 1947, [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Louis Mountbatten]] left for [[Pakistan]] to begin talks between the Governors-General of India and Pakistan over the issue of [[Kashmir]].<ref name="Lancer Publishers & Distributors">{{cite book|last=Bhandari|first=M.C.|title=Solving Kashmir|page=149|year=2006|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors|location=New Delhi|isbn=8170621259}}</ref> The talks lasted for three-and-a-half hours, where Mountbatten offered to Jinnah that India would hold a [[Plebiscite in Kashmir|plebiscite]] in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], provided that Pakistan withdrew its [[Pakistan Armed Forces|military]] support for the [[Azad Kashmir Regiment|Azad Kashmir forces]] and their allies.<ref name="A.P.H. Publ. Co.">{{cite book|last=Chitkara|first=M. G.|title=Kashmir : LoC|year=2003|publisher=A.P.H. Publ. Co.|location=New Delhi|isbn=8176484415}}</ref> Mountbatten also stipulated that the [[Indian Army]] would remain in the [[Kashmir Valley]]. Jinnah opposed the plan and claimed that the Kashmir, with its massive Muslim majority, belonged to Pakistan as an essential element in an incomplete partition process.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}

== Analysis ==
From the perspective of many authors, Jinnah was also convinced that a plebiscite under the supervision of the Indian Army would be sabotaged. Instead, he proposed an immediate and simultaneous withdrawal on both sides, including the Pakistani military and their allies, [[Pashtun tribes|Pathan tribesmen]], and the Indian troops.<ref name=Hurst>{{cite book|last=Bajwa|first=Farooq|title=From Kutch to Tashkent : the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965|year=2013|publisher=Hurst|location=London, England|isbn=1849042306|edition=1. publ.}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=July 2017}} Hearing the proposal, Mountbatten told Jinnah that he needed the consent of Nehru and Patel.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} The talks failed to reach agreement and the Kashmir issue was [[UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute|referred to the United Nations]].<ref name=Behuria>{{citation |last=Behuria |first=Ashok |chapter=India–Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue (1947–2009): A historical perspective |editor1=Sagarika Dutt |editor2=Alok Bansal |title=South Asian Security: 21st Century Discourses |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTQ48I6UvkcC&pg=PR8 |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-61767-6 |pages=65–82 |ref={{sfnref|Behuria, India–Pakistan relations and the Kashmir issue|2013}}}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{citation |last=Moore |first=Robin James |title=Making the new Commonwealth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b_l-AAAAIAAJ |year=1987 |publisher=Clarendon Press |isbn=978-0-19-820112-0 |ref={{sfnref|Moore, Making the new Commonwealth|1987}}}}
* {{citation |last=Noorani |first=A. G. |author-link=A. G. Noorani |title=The Kashmir Dispute, 1947–2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hdGkoAEACAAJ |year=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-940018-8 |orig-year=first published in 2013 by [[Tulika Books]] |ref={{sfnref|Noorani, The Kashmir Dispute|2014}}}}
* {{citation|last=Raghavan|first=Srinath|title=War and Peace in Modern India|date=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbtBJb1bsHUC |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-00737-7 |ref={{sfnref|Raghavan, War and Peace in Modern India|2010}}}}
*{{cite book|last=Jones|first=Owen Bennett|title=Pakistan eye of the storm|year=2003|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven, Conn.|isbn=0300101473|edition=2nd}}

==External links==
* {{cite web|last=staff writers, el. al.|title=Jinnah – Mountbatten Talks|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/jinnah-mountbatten-talks/|work=Story of Pakistan, Nazaria-e-Pakistan Trust|publisher=Story of Pakistan, Nazaria-e-Pakistan Trust|access-date=21 March 2014|date=1 June 2003}}
* {{cite web|title=Jinnah and Kashmir|url=http://www.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66&Itemid=22&limitstart=1|work=AJK Government|publisher=AJK Government|access-date=21 March 2014|display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite web|last=Zargar|first=Abdul Majid|title=Jinnah-Mountbatten Talks on Kashmir|url=http://www.countercurrents.org/zargar210513.htm|work=Current events|publisher=Current events|access-date=21 March 2014}}

{{Kashmir conflict}}
{{India-Pakistan relations}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jinnah-Mountbatten Talks}}
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[[Category:History of the foreign relations of Pakistan]]
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