Jhalkaribai - Revision history

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			{{Short description\|Indian historic figure}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=May 2016}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=May 2016}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2018}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2018}}
	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\| name = Jhalkaribai		\| name = Jhalkaribai
	\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|df=~~yes~~\|1830\|11\|22}}<ref name="Sarala1">{{harvnb\|Sarala\|1999\|p=111}}</ref>		\| birth_date = {{Birth date\|df=no\|1830\|11\|22}}<ref name="Sarala1">{{harvnb\|Sarala\|1999\|p=111}}</ref>
	\| birth_place = Bhojla Village, [[Jhansi state]]		\| birth_place = Bhojla Village, [[Jhansi state]]
	\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1858\|4\|4\|1830\|11\|22}}<ref name="deathdispute">{{cite web\|title=When Jhalkari Bai fought as Lakshmi Bai \|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020908/herworld.htm#2 \|access-date=26 March 2010 \|publisher=Tribune India \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511143106/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020908/herworld.htm \|archive-date=11 May 2008 }}, which quotes Mr. Nareshchandra Koli stating her date of death as 4 April 1857. {{harvtxt\|Sarala\|1999\|pages=113–114}} notes that she died in 1881. {{harvtxt\|Varma\|Sahaya\|2001\|page=305}} notes that she died as a very old woman without giving any exact date of death.</ref>		\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1858\|4\|4\|1830\|11\|22}}<ref name="deathdispute">{{cite web\|title=When Jhalkari Bai fought as Lakshmi Bai \|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020908/herworld.htm#2 \|access-date=26 March 2010 \|publisher=Tribune India \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511143106/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020908/herworld.htm \|archive-date=11 May 2008 }}, which quotes Mr. Nareshchandra Koli stating her date of death as 4 April 1857. {{harvtxt\|Sarala\|1999\|pages=113–114}} notes that she died in 1881. {{harvtxt\|Varma\|Sahaya\|2001\|page=305}} notes that she died as a very old woman without giving any exact date of death.</ref>
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	== Life ==		== Life ==
	Jhalakaribai was born to Sadova Singh and Jamunadevi on 22 November 1830 in Bhojla village in a ~~kori~~ family near Jhansi.<ref name="Sarala1"/> In her youth she is claimed to have stood her ground when attacked by a tiger and killed it with an axe.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.rediff.com/freedom/09jhalk.htm\|title=Rediff On The NeT: Jhalkari Bai, a little known chapter on a woman's courage in colonial India\|website=www.rediff.com\|access-date=6 June 2017}}</ref> She reportedly once killed a leopard in the forest with a stick she used to herd cattle.<ref>{{harvnb\|Sarala\|1999\|page=112}}</ref>		Jhalakaribai was born to Sadova Singh and Jamunadevi on 22 November 1830 in Bhojla village in a [[Koli people\|Koli]]<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2018-12-19\|title=Ankita Lokhande celebrates birthday with Manikarnika co-star Kangana Ranaut, Mouni Roy and other TV stars. See pics, video\|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/ankita-lokhande-celebrates-birthday-with-manikarnika-co-star-kangana-ranaut-mouni-roy-and-other-tv-stars-see-pics-video/story-Z13ijUwqm79RaNIJLvzTZM.html\|access-date=2022-01-09\|website=Hindustan Times\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=वीरांगना झलकारी बाई\|url=https://hindi.webdunia.com/inspiring-personality/jhalkari-bai-114112200015_1.html\|access-date=2022-01-09\|website=hindi.webdunia.com\|language=en-US}}</ref> family near Jhansi.<ref name="Sarala1"/> In her youth she is claimed to have stood her ground when attacked by a tiger and killed it with an axe.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.rediff.com/freedom/09jhalk.htm\|title=Rediff On The NeT: Jhalkari Bai, a little known chapter on a woman's courage in colonial India\|website=www.rediff.com\|access-date=6 June 2017}}</ref> She reportedly once killed a leopard in the forest with a stick she used to herd cattle.<ref>{{harvnb\|Sarala\|1999\|page=112}}</ref>

	After the death of her mother when she was very young, her father raised her. Consistent with the social conditions of the era, she lacked formal education, but was trained in horseback riding and the use of weaponry.{{citation needed\|date=March 2018}}		After the death of her mother when she was very young, her father raised her. Consistent with the social conditions of the era, she lacked formal education, but was trained in horseback riding and the use of weaponry.{{citation needed\|date=March 2018}}

	Jhalkaribai bore an uncanny resemblance to Laxmibai and because of this she was inducted into the women's wing of the army.~~<ref name="Sarala" />~~<ref name="stamp">{{cite web \|title=Commemorative Postage Stamp on Jhalkari Bai – Latest Releases \|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|access-date=9 March 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209122313/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|archive-date=9 December 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		Jhalkaribai bore an uncanny resemblance to Laxmibai and because of this she was inducted into the women's wing of the army.<ref name="stamp">{{cite web \|title=Commemorative Postage Stamp on Jhalkari Bai – Latest Releases \|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|access-date=9 March 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209122313/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|archive-date=9 December 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Sarala" />

	== Military service ==		== Military service ==
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	== Legacy ==		== Legacy ==
	~~[[File:Jhalkaribai 2001 stamp of India.jpg\|thumb\|Jhalkaribai on a 2001 stamp of India]]~~
	The death anniversary of Jhalkaribai is celebrated as ''Shahid Diwas'' (Martyr Day) by various Koli organizations.<ref>{{harvnb\|Badri Narayan\|2006\|page=125}}</ref> The movement to establish [[Bundelkhand]] as a separate state has also used the legend of Jhalkaribai to create the Bundeli identity.<ref name="BN2">{{harvnb\|Badri Narayan\|2006\|page=129}}</ref> The Government of India's Post and Telegraph department has issued a postal stamp depicting Jhalkaribai.<ref name="stamp" />

	<ref>{{harvtxt\|Badri Narayan\|2006\|page=119}} mentions "Today, the Koris, like other Dalit castes, use the myth of Jhalkaribai for the glorification of their community. They also celebrate ''Jhalkaribai Jayanti'' each year to enhance their self respect and elevate the status of their caste. It is a matter of great pride that she was a ''Dalit Virangana'' (brave woman warrior) born in the Kori caste and they highlight this dimension while recounting her brave deeds."</ref>		The death anniversary of Jhalkaribai is celebrated as ''Shahid Diwas'' (Martyr Day) by various Koli organizations.<ref>{{harvnb\|Badri Narayan\|2006\|page=125}}</ref> The movement to establish [[Bundelkhand]] as a separate state has also used the legend of Jhalkaribai to create the Bundeli identity.<ref name="BN2">{{harvnb\|Badri Narayan\|2006\|page=129}}</ref> The Government of India's Post and Telegraph department has issued a postal stamp depicting Jhalkaribai.<ref>{{harvtxt\|Badri Narayan\|2006\|page=119}} mentions "Today, the Koris, like other Dalit castes, use the myth of Jhalkaribai for the glorification of their community. They also celebrate ''Jhalkaribai Jayanti'' each year to enhance their self respect and elevate the status of their caste. It is a matter of great pride that she was a ''Dalit Virangana'' (brave woman warrior) born in the Kori caste and they highlight this dimension while recounting her brave deeds."</ref>

	The [[Archaeological Survey of India]] is setting up a museum at Panch Mahal, a five-storey building located inside the Jhansi Fort in remembrance of Jhalkaribai.<ref>Tankha, Madhur (28 February 2014) [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/asi-to-set-up-jhalkari-bai-museum-at-jhansi-fort/article5734722.ece ASI to set up Jhalkari Bai museum at Jhansi Fort – NEW DELHI]. The Hindu. Retrieved on 21 November 2018.</ref>		The [[Archaeological Survey of India]] is setting up a museum at Panch Mahal, a five-storey building located inside the Jhansi Fort in remembrance of Jhalkaribai.<ref>Tankha, Madhur (28 February 2014) [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/asi-to-set-up-jhalkari-bai-museum-at-jhansi-fort/article5734722.ece ASI to set up Jhalkari Bai museum at Jhansi Fort – NEW DELHI]. The Hindu. Retrieved on 21 November 2018.</ref>
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	== See also ==		== See also ==
			* [[List of Koli people]]
			* [[List of Koli states and clans]]
	* [[Tanaji Malusare]]		* [[Tanaji Malusare]]
	* [[Rooplo Kolhi]]		* [[Rooplo Kolhi]]
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	[[Category:History of Uttar Pradesh]]		[[Category:History of Uttar Pradesh]]
	[[Category:Indian women in war]]		[[Category:Indian women in war]]
	~~[[Category:People of British India]]~~
	[[Category:Revolutionaries of the Indian Rebellion of 1857]]		[[Category:Revolutionaries of the Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
	[[Category:19th-century Indian women politicians]]		[[Category:19th-century Indian women politicians]]
	[[Category:19th-century Indian politicians]]		[[Category:19th-century Indian politicians]]
			[[Category:Koli people]]
	[[Category:Military personnel from Uttar Pradesh]]		[[Category:Military personnel from Uttar Pradesh]]
	[[Category:Bundelkhand]]		[[Category:Bundelkhand]]

CleanupBot: clean up

2021-08-13T07:07:17Z

clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:37, 13 August 2021
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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:32, 13 August 2021
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	After the death of her mother when she was very young, her father raised her. Consistent with the social conditions of the era, she lacked formal education, but was trained in horseback riding and the use of weaponry.{{citation needed\|date=March 2018}}		After the death of her mother when she was very young, her father raised her. Consistent with the social conditions of the era, she lacked formal education, but was trained in horseback riding and the use of weaponry.{{citation needed\|date=March 2018}}

	Jhalkaribai bore an uncanny resemblance to Laxmibai and because of this she was inducted into the women's wing of the army.<ref name="stamp">{{cite web \|title=Commemorative Postage Stamp on Jhalkari Bai – Latest Releases \|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|access-date=9 March 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209122313/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|archive-date=9 December 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref~~><ref name="Sarala" /~~>		Jhalkaribai bore an uncanny resemblance to Laxmibai and because of this she was inducted into the women's wing of the army.<ref name="Sarala" /><ref name="stamp">{{cite web \|title=Commemorative Postage Stamp on Jhalkari Bai – Latest Releases \|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|access-date=9 March 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209122313/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html \|archive-date=9 December 2009 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	== Military service ==		== Military service ==

>MelanieN: /* Life */ removing "she married Puran Koli"; uncited for several years, and I found nothing to support it in a search

2021-07-06T15:29:47Z

Life: removing "she married Puran Koli"; uncited for several years, and I found nothing to support it in a search

New page

{{pp-protected|reason=Persistent [[WP:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Jhalkaribai
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1830|11|22}}<ref name="Sarala1">{{harvnb|Sarala|1999|p=111}}</ref>
| birth_place = Bhojla Village, [[Jhansi state]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1858|4|4|1830|11|22}}<ref name="deathdispute">{{cite web|title=When Jhalkari Bai fought as Lakshmi Bai |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020908/herworld.htm#2 |access-date=26 March 2010 |publisher=Tribune India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511143106/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020908/herworld.htm |archive-date=11 May 2008 }}, which quotes Mr. Nareshchandra Koli stating her date of death as 4 April 1857. {{harvtxt|Sarala|1999|pages=113–114}} notes that she died in 1881. {{harvtxt|Varma|Sahaya|2001|page=305}} notes that she died as a very old woman without giving any exact date of death.</ref>
| death_place = [[Jhansi]], [[Jhansi state]]
| alma_mater =
| image = Jhalkaribai_Statue_at_Gwalior.jpg
| caption = Statue of Jhalkaribai in [[Gwalior]]
| other_names =
| movement = [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
| organization =
| monuments =
| awards =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Jhalkaribai''' (22 November 1830 – 4 April 1858)<ref name="deathdispute"/> was a woman soldier who played an important role in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. She served in the women's army of [[Rani Lakshmibai]] of [[Jhansi]]. She eventually rose to a position of a prominent advisor to the queen, Rani of Jhansi.<ref name="Sarala">{{harvnb|Sarala|1999|pages=112–113}}</ref> At the height of the [[Rani of Jhansi|Siege of Jhansi]], she disguised herself as the queen and fought on her behalf, on the front, allowing the queen to escape safely out of the fort.<ref name="Sarala"/><ref name="Varma1951">Varma, B. L. (1951), ''Jhansi Ki Rani'', p. 255, as quoted in {{harvnb|Badri Narayan|2006|pages=119–120}}</ref>

== Life ==
Jhalakaribai was born to Sadova Singh and Jamunadevi on 22 November 1830 in Bhojla village in a kori family near Jhansi.<ref name="Sarala1"/> In her youth she is claimed to have stood her ground when attacked by a tiger and killed it with an axe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/freedom/09jhalk.htm|title=Rediff On The NeT: Jhalkari Bai, a little known chapter on a woman's courage in colonial India|website=www.rediff.com|access-date=6 June 2017}}</ref> She reportedly once killed a leopard in the forest with a stick she used to herd cattle.<ref>{{harvnb|Sarala|1999|page=112}}</ref>

After the death of her mother when she was very young, her father raised her. Consistent with the social conditions of the era, she lacked formal education, but was trained in horseback riding and the use of weaponry.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

Jhalkaribai bore an uncanny resemblance to Laxmibai and because of this she was inducted into the women's wing of the army.<ref name="stamp">{{cite web |title=Commemorative Postage Stamp on Jhalkari Bai – Latest Releases |url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html |access-date=9 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209122313/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2001/rjul2001/20072001/r200720016.html |archive-date=9 December 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Sarala" />

== Military service ==
In the queen's army, she quickly rose in the ranks and began commanding her own army.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7feHAwAAQBAJ&q=dalit+virangana&pg=PP1|title=Women Heroes and Dalit Assertion in North India: Culture, Identity and Politics|last=Narayan|first=Badri|date=7 November 2006|publisher=SAGE Publications India|isbn=9788132102809}}</ref> During the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Rebellion of 1857]], [[Hugh Rose, 1st Baron Strathnairn|General Hugh Rose]] attacked Jhansi with a large army. The queen faced the army with 14,000 of her troops. She waited for relief from [[Peshwa]] [[Nana Saheb|Nana Sahib's]] army camping at [[Kalpi]] that did not come because [[Tantia Tope]] had already been defeated by General Rose. Meanwhile, Dulha Ju, in charge of one of the gates of the fort, had made a pact with the assailants and opened the doors of Jhansi for the British forces. When the British rushed the fort, Laxmibai, on advice of her courtier, escaped through Bhanderi gate with her son and attendants to Kalpi. Upon hearing of Laxmibai's escape, Jhalkaribai set out for General Rose's camp in disguise and declared herself to be the queen. This led to a confusion that continued for a whole day and gave the Rani's army renewed advantage.<ref name="Varma1951" />

In addition, she was a close confidante and advisor to the queen playing a key role in the analysis of the battle, alongside Laxmibai.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|title=Feminism and Literature: Text and Context|last=Vishwakarma|first=Sanjeev Kumar|publisher=Takhtotaaz|isbn=978-81-922645-6-1|location=Allahabad (India)|pages=132–139}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gupta|first=Charu|date=2007|title=Dalit 'Viranganas' and Reinvention of 1857|jstor=4419579|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=42|issue=19|pages=1739–1745}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
[[File:Jhalkaribai 2001 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Jhalkaribai on a 2001 stamp of India]]
The death anniversary of Jhalkaribai is celebrated as ''Shahid Diwas'' (Martyr Day) by various Koli organizations.<ref>{{harvnb|Badri Narayan|2006|page=125}}</ref> The movement to establish [[Bundelkhand]] as a separate state has also used the legend of Jhalkaribai to create the Bundeli identity.<ref name="BN2">{{harvnb|Badri Narayan|2006|page=129}}</ref> The Government of India's Post and Telegraph department has issued a postal stamp depicting Jhalkaribai.<ref name="stamp" />

<ref>{{harvtxt|Badri Narayan|2006|page=119}} mentions "Today, the Koris, like other Dalit castes, use the myth of Jhalkaribai for the glorification of their community. They also celebrate ''Jhalkaribai Jayanti'' each year to enhance their self respect and elevate the status of their caste. It is a matter of great pride that she was a ''Dalit Virangana'' (brave woman warrior) born in the Kori caste and they highlight this dimension while recounting her brave deeds."</ref>

The [[Archaeological Survey of India]] is setting up a museum at Panch Mahal, a five-storey building located inside the Jhansi Fort in remembrance of Jhalkaribai.<ref>Tankha, Madhur (28 February 2014) [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/asi-to-set-up-jhalkari-bai-museum-at-jhansi-fort/article5734722.ece ASI to set up Jhalkari Bai museum at Jhansi Fort – NEW DELHI]. The Hindu. Retrieved on 21 November 2018.</ref>

She is referred to in the novel ''Jhansi ki Rani'' written in 1951 by B. L. Varma, who created a subplot in his novel about Jhalkaribai. He addressed Jhalkaribai as Koli and an extraordinary soldier in Laxmibai's army. Ram Chandra Heran [[Bundeli]] novel ''Maati,'' published in the same year, depicted her as "chivalrous and a valiant martyr". The first biography of Jhalkaribai was written in 1964 by Bhawani Shankar Visharad, with the help of Varma's novel and his research from the oral narratives of Kori communities living in the vicinity of Jhansi.<ref name="BN1">{{harvnb|Badri Narayan|2006|page=119}}</ref>

Writers narrating the story of Jhalkaribai. Efforts have been made to place Jhalkaribai at an equal footing of Laxmibai.<ref name="BN1" /> Since the 1990s, the story of Jhalkaribai has begun to model a fierce form of Koli womanhood, has acquired a political dimension, and her image is being reconstructed with the demands of social situation.<ref name="BN2" />

President [[Ram Nath Kovind|Ramnath Kovind]] unveiled the statue of Jhalkari Bai at Guru Tegh Bahadur Complex in Bhopal on 10 November 2017.<ref>[http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhopal/prez-unveils-jhalkari-bais-statue.html Prez unveils Jhalkari Bai's statue]. ''Daily Pioneer'' (11 November 2017)</ref>

===Depiction in film===
''[[Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi|Manikarnika]]'' (2019), a Hindi film starring [[Ankita Lokhande]] as Jhalkaribai has been made.

== See also ==
* [[Tanaji Malusare]]
* [[Rooplo Kolhi]]
* [[Uda Devi]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Sources ==

* {{cite book |last=Sarala |first=Srikrishna |title=Indian revolutionaries: a comprehensive study, 1757–1961 |publisher=Prabhat Prakashan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1UggIjEuBaAC&pg=PT150 |year=1999 |volume=I |isbn=978-81-87100-16-4 }}
* {{cite book |last=Badri Narayan |title=Women heroes and Dalit assertion in north India: culture, identity and politics |publisher=SAGE |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iAQrpDW4-_YC&pg=PP1 |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7619-3537-7 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Varma |first=Vrindavanlala |last2=Sahaya |first2=Amita |title=Lakshmi Bai, the rani of Jhansi |publisher=Prabhat Prakashan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-HVBdF_YLsC&q=jhalkari |year=2001 |isbn= 978-81-87100-54-6 }}
* {{cite book |last=Sauquet |first=Michel |title= L'idiot du village mondial: Les citoyens de la planète face à l'explosion des outils de communication : subir ou maîtriser |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C8CAR1gA4VMC&q=jhalkari |publisher=ECLM |year=2004 |isbn=978-2-84377-094-4 |language=fr }}
* {{cite book |last=Nehru |first=Jawaharlal |title=The Discovery of India |year=1989 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0-19-561322-8 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Majumdar |first1=RC |last2=Raychaudhuri |first2=HC |last3=Datta |first3=Kalikinkar |title=[[An Advanced History of India]] |year=1990 |publisher=MacMillan India Limited |isbn=0-333-90298-X }}
* {{cite book |last=Thakur |first=Harinarayan |title=Dalit Sahitya Ka Samajshastra |language=hi |publisher=Bhartiya Jnanpith |year=2009 |isbn=978-81-263-1734-9 }}
* "Bhojla ki beti" Bundeli mahakavya (Dalchand Anuragi, Rajendra Nagar, ORAI) (2010)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jhalkaribai}}
[[Category:Dalit history]]
[[Category:1830 births]]
[[Category:1890 deaths]]
[[Category:History of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian women in war]]
[[Category:People of British India]]
[[Category:Revolutionaries of the Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Bundelkhand]]
[[Category:People from Jhansi]]
[[Category:Women in 19th-century warfare]]
[[Category:Women Indian independence activists]]