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{{Short description|A Kashmir-related commemoration established by India in 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox recurring event|name=Jammu and Kashmir Black Day|status=Observed|date=22 October|frequency=Annual|country=India|participants=Government of India, civil society, refugees|events=Awareness related events, posters, banners, hoardings, panel discussion, exhibitions, publications|next=22 October 2022|free_label=Other names|free_text=Jammu and Kashmir Invasion Day}}

'''Jammu and Kashmir Black Day''' is an annual commemoration established in India by the [[Narendra Modi]]-led government on 22 October 2020 with the stated aim of highlighting Pakistan's role in the 1947 [[Kashmir conflict]], to term it as an invasion and a "Black Day."<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=2020-10-22|title=October 22 as Black Day: When Pakistan invaded J&K to commit atrocities|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/october-22-as-black-day-when-pakistan-invaded-j-k-to-commit-atrocities-120102200431_1.html|access-date=2021-11-17}}</ref><ref name=":2" />

== About ==
According to Indian sources, the invasion did not start on 22 October. The first skirmish, comprising [[Jammu and Kashmir Infantry|2 JAK Infantry]], took place at [[Owen Pattan]] on 8–9 October 1947.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Raina|first=Col. (Retd.) Ajay K.|date=2021-10-22|title=Invasion of J&K in 1947: Does the date matter?|url=https://www.livemint.com/opinion/online-views/invasion-of-j-k-in-1947-does-the-date-matter-11634884233997.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-17|website=mint|language=en}}</ref> [[Sehnsa]] was attacked on 9 October, and the following days saw more skirmishes at different locations.<ref name=":0" /> However, 22 October is the day of observance of the invasion due to the so-called importance of the Kashmir valley, the day the [[Instrument of Accession]] was signed, and political decisions taken.<ref name=":0" />

A number of awareness related events, including cultural event, have been held.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kashmir to observe Oct 22 as ‘Black Day’ to mark Pak invasion of J&K in 1947|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/10/22/kashmir-to-observe-oct-22-as-black-day-to-mark-pak-invasion-of-jk-in-1947.html|access-date=2021-11-17|website=The Week|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Chaudhury|first=Dipanjan Roy|date=22 October 2021|title=Bangladesh witnesses major protests against Pak action in Kashmir|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/bangladesh-witnesses-major-protests-against-pak-action-in-kashmir/articleshow/87204570.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2021-11-17}}</ref> In 2020 a number of panel discussions were held, with panelists including Lt Gen (Retd) [[Syed Ata Hasnain]] and [[Amitabh Mattoo]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Neeta|date=21 October 2020|title=India To Observe "Black Day" Tomorrow To Mark 1947 Pak-Backed Raid On J&K|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/india-to-observe-black-day-tomorrow-to-mark-1947-pak-backed-raid-on-j-k-2313686|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-17|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> The [[Ministry of Culture (India)|Union Ministry of Culture]] and state government of Jammu and Kashmir mark the day with exhibitions and events.<ref name=":1" /> In 2020, ''Raiders in Kashmir'', a book written by [[Akbar Khan (Pakistani general)|Mohammed Akbar Khan]], a retired major general of Pakistan Army, was republished.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Philip|first=Snehesh Alex|date=2020-10-21|title=India to observe 22 October as 'Black Day' to highlight Pakistan's role in 1947 raid of J&K|url=https://theprint.in/india/india-to-observe-22-october-as-black-day-to-highlight-pakistans-role-in-1947-raid-of-jk/528190/|access-date=2021-11-17|website=ThePrint|language=en-US}}</ref> Refugees also mark the day.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-22|title=PoK refugees observe October 22 as 'black day' in Jammu|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/north-and-central/pok-refugees-observe-october-22-as-black-day-in-jammu-1043149.html|access-date=2021-11-17|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2020-10-17|title=Pak role in Kashmir violence, terror and killings since 1947 to be highlighted on Oct 22|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pak-role-in-kashmir-violence-terror-and-killings-since-1947-to-be-highlighted-on-oct-22/story-S0kUd51UHy3LoEcGCgGHbO.html|access-date=2021-11-17|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Observances in Kashmir, Jammu}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Kashmir conflict}}

[[Category:October observances]]
[[Category:Observances in India]]
[[Category:Kashmir conflict]]

{{JammuKashmir-stub}}

Jammu and Kashmir Black Day - Revision history

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