UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-06-22T18:34:45Z

robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:04, 23 June 2022
Line 12:		Line 12:
	}}		}}

	General '''James Welsh''' (12 March ~~1775–~~ 24 January 1861) was an English officer in the [[Madras Army]] of the [[East India Company]].{{sfn\|Vetch\|1899\|pp=238–239}}		General '''James Welsh''' (12 March 1775 – 24 January 1861) was an English officer in the [[Madras Army]] of the [[East India Company]].{{sfn\|Vetch\|1899\|pp=238–239}}

	==Biography==		==Biography==
Line 47:		Line 47:

	'''Attribution'''		'''Attribution'''
	*{{DNB \|last=Vetch \|first=Robert Hamilton\|wstitle=Welsh, James \|volume=60 \|pp=238–239}} Endnotes		*{{DNB \|last=Vetch \|first=Robert Hamilton \|authorlink=Robert Hamilton Vetch\|wstitle=Welsh, James \|volume=60 \|pp=238–239}} Endnotes
	**India Office Records;		**India Office Records;
	**Royal Military Calendar, 1820;		**Royal Military Calendar, 1820;
Line 67:		Line 67:
	[[Category:1861 deaths]]		[[Category:1861 deaths]]
	[[Category:British East India Company Army generals]]		[[Category:British East India Company Army generals]]
			[[Category:British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Maratha War]]
			[[Category:British military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars]]

>Dawnseeker2000: date formats per MOS:DATEFORMAT by script

2021-04-09T18:15:31Z

date formats per MOS:DATEFORMAT by script

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix=General
|name=James Welsh
|image=Portrait of General James Welsh.jpg
|caption=Portrait by Zoffany, c. 1840
|rank=[[General]]
|branch=[[Madras Army]]
|serviceyears=1790–1848
|allegiance=[[File:Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg|22x20px|border]] [[East India Company]]
|battles={{unbulleted list|[[War of the First Coalition]]|[[Second Anglo-Maratha War]]|[[Travancore Rebellion]]|[[Early resistance to British rule in Malabar|Malabar Rebellions]]}}
}}

General '''James Welsh''' (12 March 1775– 24 January 1861) was an English officer in the [[Madras Army]] of the [[East India Company]].{{sfn|Vetch|1899|pp=238–239}}

==Biography==
Welsh, son of John Welsh, a Scotsman, was born on 12 March 1775. He obtained a commission as ensign in the army of the [[East India Company]] on 22 May 1790, and arrived at Madras on 23 January 1791. He joined the 3rd European Regiment at [[Vellore]], and in November ascended the ghats with Colonel Floyd's detachment to serve in the grand army under [[Lord Cornwallis]].{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=238}}

Welsh was promoted to be lieutenant in the 24th Native Infantry on 1 November 1792, and took part with it in the siege of [[Pondicherry]] in July and August 1793. Transferred in 1795 to the 9th Native Infantry at [[Mandura]], he served at the capture of Colombo and Ceylon in February 1796, and remained at [[Point-de-Galle]] as fort-adjutant until the end of 1798, when he was transferred in the same capacity to [[Machlipatnam]].{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=238}}

On 10 December 1799 Welsh was promoted to be captain, and appointed adjutant and quartermaster of the 3rd Native Infantry, which in 1803 formed part of a force under Major-general [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Arthur Wellesley]] to operate against the [[Marathas]]. He marched with it across India to Poona, and in June took part in the siege of Ahmadnagar. The town (pettah) was [[Pettah of Ahmednagar|successfully stormed]] on 8 August and after a bombardment the [[Ahmednagar Fort|fortress of Ahmadnagar]] surrendered on 12 August.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=238}}{{sfn|Fitchett|1911|pp=102–104}}

Welsh served on the staff at the [[Battle of Argaum]] (29 November), in the siege and assault (15 December) of Gawilgarh, and led a body of 250 men, after a forced march of {{convert|54|mi|km}}, to the capture of Mankarsir on 6 February 1804. He was appointed judge-advocate and assistant surveyor to the [[Poona subsidiary force]], and, marching with it, and took part in the assault and capture of the hill fort at [[Chandore]] on 10 August 1804 and the occupation of the hill fort of [[Dhoorp]] on 14 October. He commanded a party of 300 men at the capture of the [[Wiktionary:pettah|pettah]] and outworks of the hill fort of [[Gaulna]], on 26 October, and on 13 November proceeded with a small force to open communication through a difficult country, with Surat, where he arrived on 25 November. In December Welsh was sent on a mission to a [[Bhil]] chief by an unexplored pass to the northward, and caught a malignant fever which clung to him for many years.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=238}}

On 15 May 1805 Welsh succeeded to the command of his battalion at Poona, continuing to hold his staff appointment until the end of the year, when he marched with his regiment to [[Palamcottah|Palamcottai]] in [[the Carnatic]], arriving on 27 March. He was in command there on 19 November, when, as the garrison were assembling under arms, he discovered a plot among the native troops to murder all the Europeans at the station. Acting with the greatest promptitude, he seized the ringleaders, disarmed the native soldiers, and expelled the Muslim troops from the fort. He was tried by court-martial for precipitate conduct in having disarmed the native garrison with insufficient cause, but was honourably acquitted on 20 March 1807, and congratulated by government on this vindication of his reputation.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=238}} However the governor of Madras, [[Lord William Bentinck]] qualified his support by adding the general orders on that day that in his opinion "To involve the innocent with the guilty, and include in a sweeping implication of guilt, a numerous body of men, on the ground of general suspicion or apprehension, is a mode of proceeding which … no just Government can tolerate".{{sfn|Vetch|Falkner|2010}}

Welsh was promoted to be major on 22 May 1807, and went home on furlough. rejoining his regiment on 5 February 1809 before the lines of [[Travancore]], where it formed part of a force under Colonel St. Leger, Welsh led the storming party in the successful assault of those formidable defences on the night of 10 February.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=238}} He was mentioned in despatches, and the court of directors of the East India Company bore high testimony to his services on the occasion, observing that the achievement reflected the utmost credit on Welsh, "who led the storming party in a manner that does singular honour to his intrepidity and perseverance".<ref>{{harvnb|Vetch|1899|p=239}} cites ''Political Despatch'', 29 September 1809.</ref> On 19 February 1809 he led the advance from the south, and was successful in capturing several hill forts, arriving at [[Trivandrum]], the capital of Travancore, on 2 March.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|pp=238–239}}

In April 1812 he commanded a small force sent to quell a rising in the Wainad, which he accomplished after a month of heavy marching and desultory fighting. He was promoted to be lieutenant-colonel on 25 January 1813, and was appointed deputy judge-advocate-general, residing at [[Bangalore]].{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=239}}

On 6 February 1821 Welsh was appointed to command the troops in the provinces of [[Malabar District|Malabar]] and Kanara; on 6 May 1823 to command at Vellore; on 23 January 1824 to command in Travancore and Cochin; and on 1 August 1826 to command the Doab field force. He arrived at Belgaum in September, and was immediately engaged with the [[Resident (title)|Resident]] in measures which were successful in preventing a threatened rising at Kolhapur.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=239}}

Early in 1829 Welsh went to England on furlough. He was promoted to be colonel on 5 June. In the following year he published ''Military Reminiscences, from a Journal of nearly forty years' Active Service in the East Indies'', with over ninety illustrations (2 vols. 8vo, two editions). The work remains useful for its descriptions of places and military incidents in southern India.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=239}}

Welsh did not return to India until his promotion to major-general on 10 January 1837. He was appointed on 1 June to the command of the northern division, Madras presidency, to which was added, in November 1838, the command in Katak. He was promoted lieutenant-general on 9 November 1846, and relinquished his command on 16 February following. On leaving India the governor in council expressed the high sense entertained of the gallantry and zeal which had marked his service of fifty-eight years. He was promoted to be general on 20 June 1854. He died at North Parade, Bath, on 24 January 1861.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=239}}

==Family==
Welsh married at Calcutta, in 1794, Sarah, a daughter of [[Francis Light]], first governor of Prince of Wales Island, [[Penang]], by whom he had numerous offspring.{{sfn|Vetch|1899|p=239}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
{{commons category|James Welsh}}
*{{citation|last=Fitchett |first=William Henry |year=1911 |title=Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, 1769-1852 |location=London |publisher=G. Bell |pages=[https://archive.org/stream/greatduke01fitcuoft#page/102/mode/1up 102–104]}}
*{{Cite ODNB |last=Vetch |first=R. H. |last2=Falkner |first2=James (reviewer) |date=May 2010 |origyear=2004 |title=Welsh, James (1775–1861) |id=29026}}

'''Attribution'''
*{{DNB |last=Vetch |first=Robert Hamilton|wstitle=Welsh, James |volume=60 |pp=238–239}} Endnotes
**India Office Records;
**Royal Military Calendar, 1820;
**Allibone's Dictionary of English Literature;
**Annual Register, 1861;
**Welsh's Military Reminiscences;
**Literary Gazette, Spectator, Scotsman, and London Monthly Review of 1830.

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last=Philippart |first=John |year=1820 |chapter=4693. xii Lieut.-Col. James Welsh |title=The Royal Military Calendar, or Army Service and Commission Book. Containing the services and progress of promotion of the generals, lieutenant-generals, major-generals, colonels, lieutenant-colonels, and majors of the army, according to seniority: with details of the principal military events of the last century |volume=5 |edition=3rd, in five volumes |location=London |publisher=Printed by A.J. Valpy, sold by T. Egerton etc. |pages=[https://archive.org/details/royalmilitaryca03goog/page/n436 428]–432 |url=https://archive.org/details/royalmilitaryca03goog |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/royalmilitaryca03goog#page/n436/mode/2up}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Philippart |editor-first=John |year=1823 |chapter=Lieutenant-Colonel James Welsh ''(Madras Establishment)'' |title=The East India Military Calendar: containing the services of General and Field Officers or the Indian Army| volume=1 |edition=First |publisher=Kingsbury Parbury, and Allen |url=https://archive.org/details/eastindiamilita01philgoog |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/eastindiamilita01philgoog#page/n345/mode/1up|pages=[https://archive.org/details/eastindiamilita01philgoog/page/n345 329]–333}}
*{{cite book |first=James |last=Welsh |year=1830 |title=Military Reminiscences: Extracted from a Journal of Nearly Forty Years' Active Service in the East Indies |volume=1 |edition=Two volume, 2nd |publisher=Smith, Elder, and Company |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sUjRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR3}}
**{{cite book |date=January–June 1831 |chapter=Art. IV. A review of ''Military Reminiscences'' |title=The Eclectic Review |volume=V |series=3rd series |location=London |publisher=Holdsworth and Ball |pages=[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Ht0EAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PA53&pg=PA53#v=onepage&q&f=false 53]–67}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Welsh, James}}
[[Category:1775 births]]
[[Category:1861 deaths]]
[[Category:British East India Company Army generals]]

James Welsh (East India Company officer) - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

>Dawnseeker2000: date formats per MOS:DATEFORMAT by script