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	'''Jambai''' is a {{cvt\|1\|km2}} village in [[Tirukkoyilur]] ({{lang-ta\|திருக்கோயிலூர்}}) taluk in [[Kallakurichi district]] ({{lang-ta\|விழுப்புரம்}}) in the [[India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The major occupation of the people living at this place is agriculture and handloom. In 2011, it had a population of 2,000 people.<ref>http://www.indiamapped.com/tamil-nadu/viluppuram/tirukkoyilur/jambai/</ref>		'''Jambai''' is a {{cvt\|1\|km2}} village in [[Tirukkoyilur]] ({{lang-ta\|திருக்கோயிலூர்}}) taluk in [[Kallakurichi district]] ({{lang-ta\|விழுப்புரம்}}) in the [[India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The major occupation of the people living at this place is agriculture and handloom. In 2011, it had a population of 2,000 people.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.indiamapped.com/tamil-nadu/viluppuram/tirukkoyilur/jambai/\|title=Tehsil Jambai of district Viluppuram, Tamil Nadu}}</ref>

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==
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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

			{{Kallakurichi district}}
	[[Category:Archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu]]
	[[Category:Villages in Kallakurichi district]]		[[Category:Villages in Kallakurichi district]]
	[[Category:Jain temples in Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Jain temples in Tamil Nadu]]
	[[Category:Jain rock-cut architecture]]		[[Category:Jain rock-cut architecture]]

>Jellysandwich0: poorly written

2020-10-30T00:38:09Z

poorly written

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox Historic Site
| name = Jambai
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| designation1 =
| designation1_date =
| designation1_number =
| designation1_criteria =
| designation1_type = Cultural
| designation1_free1name = State Party
| designation1_free1value = {{IND}}
| designation1_free2name = Region
| designation1_free2value =
| location = [[Villuppuram]], [[India]]
| elevation =
| built =
| architect =
| architecture =
| coordinates = {{coord|12.014472|79.054527|display=inline}}
| locmapin = India#Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
}}
'''Jambai''' is a {{cvt|1|km2}} village in [[Tirukkoyilur]] ({{lang-ta|திருக்கோயிலூர்}}) taluk in [[Kallakurichi district]] ({{lang-ta|விழுப்புரம்}}) in the [[India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The major occupation of the people living at this place is agriculture and handloom. In 2011, it had a population of 2,000 people.<ref>http://www.indiamapped.com/tamil-nadu/viluppuram/tirukkoyilur/jambai/</ref>

==Etymology==
Jambai got its name from Jambunatheshwarar temple, a [[Chola]] period ([[Shiva]]) temple. According to the inscriptions present inside the temple, this village was called as Valayur during the [[Parantaka Chola I]] period. Hence, "Jambai" might be a later name to this village. This temple is situated at the banks of river Thenpenaiyaar, where much kora grass grew, the Tamil word for kora grass is sambu, hence the name Jambu and also there is an inherited old story that the elephant belonging to the king went there to dip itself in water, where it stumbled upon the Shivlinga, blood started oozing from the Shivlingam, hearing the call of the frightened elephant people started to gather and this incidence reached the ears of the king and then the temple was built. Jambu means elephant. As the Shivalingam was found by the elephant the village and temple were named after it.

==Location==
Jambai is located on the northern bank of the river, Thenpennai. It is {{convert|19|km|mi}} northwest of [[Tirukkoyilur]] and {{convert|25|km|mi}} south of [[Thiruvannaamalai]].

==About the village==
Jambai village has more-than-1000-year-old heritage. At Jambai, [[Saivism]], [[Jainism]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Saktism]] prevailed. In 2006, a beautifully carved 10th century A.D. [[Buddha]] sculpture was stolen from the middle of the fort area paddy field. There are two Siva temples, One Saptamatrika shrine, one Ayynar temple on the hill and other Ayyanar temple in north east corner of the village. Jain Tirthankara relief carving is seen in the hill on the way to Pallichandal. The importance of the village comes from the presence of the Shiva temple called Jambunatheshwarar temple and Jambaimalai containing 1st century CE [[Tamil Brahmi]] inscriptions, Jain abode, caves and beds.

==Jambunatheshwarar Temple==
[[File:Jambai temple.jpg|thumb|Jambunatheshwarar Temple]]
In [[Telugu language|Tamil]], this temple is called Thanthondreeswarar temple ({{lang-ta|தான்தோன்றீஸ்வரர் கோயில்}}). This Shiva temple was built by [[Cholas]] during 10th century. The temple walls contain full of Tamil vattezhuttu inscriptions of [[Cholas]]. This place was under [[Rashtrakuta]] rule during the mid-10th century, the statues of Lord [[Muruga]], Jyestha Devi, Kalabairavar, Durga belonging to Rashtrakuta architecture, are found inside the temple. Since the temple become very old and damaged, reconstruction works are carried by local people of Jambai now.<ref>K. Selvaraj, "Jambai oru aayvu", State Department of Archeology, Chennai</ref>

==Jambaimalai==
[[File:Jambai Tamil Brahmi.jpg|thumb|1st century CE Tamil Brahmi inscription]]
This is a small hillock in the north east of the village. Between a split area of this hillock there are signs of megalithic period settlement. The hillock contains a cavern called Dasimadam where [[Tamizhi]] inscriptions dated to 1st century CE<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brahmi Inscription {{!}} Department Of Archaeology|url=https://www.tnarch.gov.in/brahmi-inscription-0|access-date=2020-06-18|website=www.tnarch.gov.in}}</ref> is found. The epigraph is in Tamil (except for the title in Prakrit) and reads "Satiyaputo Atiyan Nedumaan Anjji itta Paali". In ({{lang-ta|ஸதியபுதோ அதியந் நெடுமாந் அஞ்சி ஈத்த பாழி}}).<ref>K. Selvaraj, "Jambai oru aayvu", State Department of Archeology, Chennai</ref> The meaning of the epigraph may be rendered as "The abode (pali) given by (itta) Atiyan Nedumaan Anji (name), the Satyaputra (title)". Though the record is a short one in a single line, it throws valuable light on various aspects of South Indian history. The inscription clears the doubt about the identity of the Satyaputras, a dynasty of rulers, mentioned in Ashoka's inscriptions in the 3rd century BCE.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://tamilartsacademy.com/books/roman%20karur/chapter13.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=30 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207092710/http://www.tamilartsacademy.com/books/roman%20karur/chapter13.html |archive-date=7 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Opposite to this cavern, another cave with four Jain stone beds have been found which confirms that Jambai was a [[Jain]] centre.<ref>D. Ramesh, "Nadunaattu Samanakovilkal" (2nd ed.) Tamilventhan Pathippagam, Ulundurpettai (2005)</ref> West of this hillock in a small stone boulder, a 10th-century C.E. Tamil inscription of Kannaradeva or [[Krishna III]], a Rashtrakuta king, found along with a relief work of Jyestha Devi. South of this inscription a lake for irrigation was constructed.<ref>K. Selvaraj, "Jambai oru aayvu", State Department of Archeology, Chennai</ref>

==Pictures==
<gallery>
File:Jambaimalai.JPG|Jambaimalai along with lake
File:Jambaimalai Jyestha devi.jpg|Jyestha devi
File:Jambaimalai1.jpg|jambaimalai hillock
File:Jambaimalai Jain cave.jpg|Jain cave
File:Jambaimalai jain beds.jpg|Jain beds
File:Jambaimali rock pit.jpg|Rock pit used by Jain monks
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Velirs]]
* [[Jainism]]
* [[Ennayiram]]
* [[Cholapandiyapuram]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Villages in Kallakurichi district]]
[[Category:Jain temples in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Jain rock-cut architecture]]

Jambai, Viluppuram - Revision history

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