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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jalore district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Rajasthan|District of Rajasthan]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = Map rajasthan dist Jalore.png
| map_caption = Location of Jalore district in Rajasthan
| coordinates =
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Rajasthan]]
| subdivision_type2 =
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| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat =
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 10640
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,828,730
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 =
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
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| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
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'''Jalore District''' is a district of [[Rajasthan]] [[States and territories of India|state]] in western [[India]]. The city of [[Jalore]] is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district has an area of {{convert|10640|km²|0|abbr=on}} (3.11 percent of Rajasthan's area), and a population of 1,828,730 (2011 census), with a population density of 136 persons per square kilometre.

==History==

In ancient times Jalore was known as Jabalipura - named after the Hindu saint [[Jabali]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-26|title=धर्म-आस्था: जालोर शहर में ऋषि पंचमी पर महर्षि जाबालि का किया पूजन|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/rajasthan/pali/jalore/news/maharishi-jabali-was-worshiped-on-rishi-panchami-in-jalore-city-127651927.html|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Dainik Bhaskar|language=hi}}</ref> The town was also known as Suvarngiri or Songir, the Golden Mount, on which the fort stands. It was a flourishing town in the 8th century, and, according to some historical sources, in the 8th-9th centuries, one branch of the [[Gurjara-Pratihara|pratihara]] empire ruled at Jablipur (Jalore).<ref>{{cite book|title=Sculptural traditions of Rajasthan: ca. 800-1000 A.D.|author=Neelima Vashishtha|publisher=Publication Scheme|year=1989|page=6}}</ref>
Raja Man Pratihar was ruling [[Bhinmal]] in jalore when [[Parmara]] Emperor [[Vakpati Munja]](972-990 CE) invaded the region — after this conquest he divided these conquered territories among his Parmara princes - his son Aranyaraj Parmar was granted Abu region, his son and his nephew Chandan Parmar,Dharnivarah Parmar was given Jalore region. This ended almost 250 years Pratihar rule over Bhinmal.<ref>Rao Ganpatsimha Chitalwana, Bhinmal ka Sanskritik Vaibhav, p. 46- 49</ref>
Raja Man Pratihar's son Dewalsimha Pratihar was a contemporary of Abu’s Raja Mahipal Parmar (1000-1014 CE). Raja Devalsimha made many attempts to free his country or to re-establish Pratihar hold onto Bhinmal but in vain .Finally he settled for the territories in Southwest of Bhinmal, comprising four hills - Dodasa, Nadwana,Kala-Pahad and Sundha. He made Lohiyana (present [[Jaswantpura]]) his capital. Hence this subclan became Dewal Pratihars.<ref>Rao Ganpatsimha Chitalwana, Bhinmal ka Sanskritik Vaibhav, p. 49</ref> Gradually their jagir included 52 villages in and around modern Jalore district. The Dewals participated in Jalore’s Chauhan Kanhaddeo’s resistance against Allauddin Khilji. Thakur Dhawalsimha Dewal of Lohiyana supplied manpower to Maharana Pratap and married his daughter to the Maharana, in return Maharana gave him the title of “Rana” which has stayed with them till this day<ref>Rao Ganpatsimha Chitalwana, Bhinmal ka Sanskritik Vaibhav, p. 50- 53</ref>

In the 10th century, Jalore was ruled by the [[Paramara dynasty|Paramaras]]. In 1181, [[Kirtipala]], the youngest son of [[Alhanadeva|Alhana]], the [[Chahamanas of Naddula|Chahamana]] ruler of [[Nadol]], captured Jalore from the [[Paramara dynasty|Paramaras]] and founded the [[Chahamanas of Jalor|Jalore line of Chauhans]]. His son [[Samarasimha]] succeeded him in 1182. Samarasimha was succeeded by [[Udayasimha]], who expanded the kingdom by recapturing Nadol and Mandor from the Turks. During Udayasimha's reign, Jalore was a tributary of the [[Delhi Sultanate]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Chahamanas of Jalore|first=Ashok Kumar|last=Srivastava|publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan|date=1979|pages=14–24}}</ref> Udayasimha was succeeded by [[Chachigadeva]] and [[Samantasimha]]. Samantasimha was succeeded by his son [[Kanhadadeva]].

During the reign of Kanhadadeva, Jalor was [[Siege of Jalore|attacked and captured]] in 1311 by the Delhi's Turkic Sultan [[Alauddin Khalji]]. Kanhadadeva and his son Viramadeva died defending Jalore.

Jalore was the hometown of Jaiwanta Bai, mother of [[Maharana Pratap]] (1572–1597). She was the daughter of Akhey Raj Songara. [[Rathore]] rulers of [[Ratlam State|Ratlam]] used the [[Jalore Fort|Jalore fort]] to safe-keep their treasure.

In the Middle Time nearly 1690 '''Royal Family Of [[Jalore]]''' '''[[Yadu]] [[Lunar dynasty|Chandravanshi]] [[Bhati]] Rajput''' Of [[Jaisalmer State|Jaisalmer]] came Jalore and make make their kingdom. They are also known as [[Nath]]ji, Thakaro by the local people of Ummedabad. Jalore is a second capital of them the first capital was [[Jodhpur State|Jodhpur]] still [[chhatri]] of bhati sardar from royal family of Jalore ancestors exists. They ruled whole Jalore, [[Jodhpur State|Jodhpur]] in their time after [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] they had only Ummedabad.

The Turkic rulers of [[Palanpur State]] of [[Gujarat]] briefly ruled Jalore in the 16th century and it became part of the [[Mughal Empire]]. It was restored to [[Jodhpur State|Marwar]] in 1704, and remained part of the kingdom until shortly after Indian Independence in 1947.

[[Ambliara State|Ambliara]] [[princely state]] in Gujarat are the pedigree of Jalore [[Maharani]] Popadevi. [[Ambliara State|Ambliara]] has a small princely state in [[Mahi Kantha Agency]] Present days near [[Bayad]] taluka of [[Aravalli District]] [[Gujarat]].

There are 12 Math (Big Hindu monasteries) and 13 Takiya (Masjid).

Jalore is known as the "Cradle of the Marwari horse" - an indigenous horse breed famed for its beauty, endurance and loyalty to the horsemen who fought interminable wars on horseback.

== Geography ==

The district is bounded on the northwest by [[Barmer District]], on the northeast by [[Pali District]], on the southeast by [[Sirohi District]], and by [[Banaskantha]] District of [[Gujarat]] state on the southwest. The total area of the district is {{convert|10640|km²|0|abbr=on}}. The altitude is 268 m, latitude is 25.22 N and longitude is 72.58 E.

Physiographically, the district is oblong in shape, extending up to [[Rann of Kutch]] ([[Gujarat]]). The region is generally plain but for some scattered thickly wooded hills in the north and some hillocks in the centre. The eastern portion of the district is rocky while the western tract is a roughly plain dotted with Sand dunes & sand ridges. In respect of its geological formation, most part of district is formed of fourth century modern century deposits. These deposits can be seen in Grid pattern formed by sand (Balu), new alluvial and old alluvial Soils. In Bhinmal Teshil's South Eastern part of Jaswantpur, highest mountains of the district are situated. the highest peak is Sundha (991 meters, 3252 feet).[[Luni River]] is the main river in the district with its tributaries Jawai, Khari, Sukri, Bandi, and Sagi. All the rivers are seasonal.

== Administrative set-up ==
There are five sub-units [[Ahore|Sayala, Ahore]], [[Jalore]], [[Bhinmal]]-[[Bagoda]], [[Raniwara]], and [[Sanchore]].

Telsil headquarters are [[Ahore]], [[Jalore]], [[Sayala, Rajasthan|Sayala]], [[Bagoda]], [[Bhinmal]], [[Raniwara]], and [[Sanchore]]. [[Bhadrajun]] has a Sub-Tehsil Office. There are seven Panchayat Samitis. [[Jaswantpura]] and [[Chitalwana]] is declared to be made tehsils in Rajasthan budget-2012-13.<ref>[http://www.finance.rajasthan.gov.in/speech/1213/budgetspeech201213.pdf Rajasthan Budget 2012-13]</ref>

Three Municipalities are situated at Jalore, Bhinmal and Sanchore.

The major towns and villages of the Jalore district are [[Sayala, Rajasthan|Sayala]], Bichhawadi, Rajeswarpura, [[Hadecha]], [[Vodha]], [[Ramsin]], [[Daspan]], [[Bagra, Marwar|Bagra]], [[Juni Bali]], Bishangarh, Ummedabad, and Megalva.

There are 767 revenue villages in the district grouped under 264 Gram Panchayat villages.

== Political ==
[[Jalore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jalore-Sirohi]] is a joint parliamentary constituency. [[Buta Singh]] won three times from this parliamentary constituency. There are five legislative assembly areas namely Jalore, Ahore, Bhinmal, Raniwara, and Sanchore. At this time, the member of parliament for Jalore-Sirohi is Devji M. Patel of [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].

== Economy ==
[[File:A rabari with his cattles.JPG|thumb|250px|right|A [[rabari]] with his cattle in a village of Jalore district]]
The economy of district is mainly based on agriculture and animal husbandry. The oilseeds specially mustard oil seed is predominant crop. Wheat, [[Pearl millet|bajra]], kharif pulses, [[barley]], [[jowar]] and in very huge quantity of fleawort.

Of late some mineral based industries are set up based on mineral available from local mines. The main minerals produced are: [[Gypsum]], [[limestone]], bajari, murram, [[granite]], and graded [[fluorite]].

There is no large and medium size industry in the district. The main small scale industries are :granite slabs and tiles, marble cutting and polishing, mustard seed crushing, skimmed milk powder, butter and ghee, handloom cloth, leather shoes (mojari). There are four industrial areas in the district.

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Jalore one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the twelve districts in Rajasthan currently receiving funds from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund|Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme]] (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=April 5, 2012 }}</ref>

== Infrastructure ==

===Electricity===
There are two sub grid stations of 220 KV at Jalore and Bhinmal. The district receives power from Dewari grid station in [[Udaipur District]]. Almost all villages of the district are electrified.

A small area is irrigated from water of [[Jawai dam]]. The main source of irrigation continues to be wells. [[Over exploitation]] of ground water has meant that farmers have to dig deeper. Sanchore tehsil is getting water from [[Narmada River|Narmada]] canal project.

===Transport===
National Highway no 15 ([[Bhatinda]]-[[Kandla]]) passes through the district. The total road length in the district is about {{convert|2800|km|0|abbr=on}}.

The district is connected by broad gauge railway line of [[North Western Railway]]. Samadari-Bhildi branch line passes through the district connecting Jalore and Bhinmal towns. There are 15 railway stations and {{convert|127|km|0|abbr=on}} of railway line in the district. The nearest airport is [[Jodhpur]]. There is also an air strip at village Noon about {{convert|35|km|0|abbr=on}} from Jalore town.

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Jalore District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|94.76}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|04.32}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Jalore district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,828,730,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Kosovo]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Kosovo 1,825,632 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Nebraska]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Nebraska 1,826,341
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=2013-10-19
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 260th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 172 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 26.31%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Jalor has a [[sex ratio]] of 951 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 55.58%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 99.25% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,71,363|13=1911|14=3,00,374|15=1921|16=2,78,888|17=1931|18=3,22,867|19=1941|20=3,68,338|21=1951|22=4,23,553|23=1961|24=5,47,072|25=1971|26=6,67,950|27=1981|28=9,03,073|29=1991|30=11,42,563|31=2001|32=14,48,940|33=2011|34=18,28,730|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}

== Climate ==
The minimum and maximum temperatures of the district are 4 degrees and 50 degrees Celsius respectively. The average rainfall is 412 mm. The climate of district is dry and with extremes.

== Wildlife ==
[[File:Wild ass group female.jpg|thumb|200px|right|A group of female asses breaking into a run]]

[[Indian Wild Ass]], a rare member of [[Indian Wildlife]] seems to be increasing in numbers and extending its range from [[Little Rann of Kutch]] in the neighboring Indian [[Gujarat State|State of Gujarat]], where the world's last population of this subspecies had got confined to in recent years, and has gradually started moving out and colonizing Greater Rann of Kutch also extending into the neighboring [[Rajasthan state|State of Rajasthan]] in the bordering villages in Jalore district bordering the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat and in Khejariali and its neighbourhood where a 60 km<sup>2</sup> area was transferred to the Rajasthan Forest Department by the revenue authorities in 2007. At this place [[Rebari]]s (camel and sheep breeders) live in the [[Prosopis juliflora]] jungles in the company of chinkaras, hyenas, common fox, desert cat and wolf etc.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110629025708/http://www.hindu.com/2009/09/13/stories/2009091354830700.htm Wild Ass sighted in Rajasthan villages along Gujarat]; by Sunny Sebastian; 13 September 2009; ''The Hindu''</ref>

'''Flora''':
The hillocks and ridges in the area under discussion are characterised by khair (Acacia Katechu); thar (Euphabia Nerrifolia) and babuls. The plains are vegetated by awal (Casia auriculate) akra, kiker (Acacia arabica). The oilseeds specially mustard oil seed is predominant crop. Wheat, bajra, kharif pulses, barley, jowar and in very huge quantity of fleawort. However due to the scanty presence of water most of the cultivated land remains barren. Also presence of aeolian sand makes it tough for agricultural growth due its high permeability. Extensive growth of cactuses of various types is found in this area.

== See also ==

* [[Thar Desert]]
* [[Tharparkar]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://jalore.rajasthan.gov.in/ Jalore]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Jalore district
|North =
|Northeast = [[Pali district]]
|East = [[Sirohi district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Banaskantha district]], [[Gujarat]]
|Southwest = [[Kutch district]], [[Gujarat]]
|West =
|Northwest = [[Barmer district]]
}}


{{Rajasthan}}
{{Jalore district}}
{{Districts of Rajasthan}}
{{Hindu temples in Rajasthan}}
{{Coord|25|21|00|N|72|37|12|E|region:IN-RJ_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=title}}



{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jalore District}}
[[Category:Jalore district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Districts in Jodhpur division]]
[[Category:Thar Desert]]

Jalore district - Revision history

Puranam at 09:31, 19 November 2025

>10mmsocket: Reverted 3 edits by Irshadkhanvihari (talk): Unsourced possible POV pushing