CleanupBot: /* Soundtrack */clean up

2022-01-02T05:10:46Z

Soundtrack: clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:40, 2 January 2022
Line 60:		Line 60:

	== Soundtrack ==		== Soundtrack ==
	The music was composed by A. N. Kalyanasundaram who wrote the lyrics as well.<ref name="songbook" /><ref name="Anandan" /> The singers were Kokilam, Pankajam, Bhanumathi{{efn\|name=b\|Not [[P. Bhanumathi]]}}, Lakshmi, K. S. Gopalakrishnan{{efn\|name=a\|Not [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]]}} and [[Kumari Rukmani\|Rukmani]]. There were 8 songs in the film of which most were dance pieces.<ref name="Harikrishnan" />		The music was composed by A. N. Kalyanasundaram who wrote the lyrics as well.<ref name="songbook" /><ref name="Anandan" /> The singers were Kokilam, Pankajam, Bhanumathi,{{efn\|name=b\|Not [[P. Bhanumathi]]}} Lakshmi, K. S. Gopalakrishnan{{efn\|name=a\|Not [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]]}} and [[Kumari Rukmani\|Rukmani]]. There were 8 songs in the film of which most were dance pieces.<ref name="Harikrishnan" />

	;''A. N. K.'''s Orchestra<ref name="songbook" />		;''A. N. K.'''s Orchestra<ref name="songbook" />

>Kailash29792: not RS

2021-07-07T08:37:23Z

not RS

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Jalaja
| image = Advertisement for Jalaja (1938 film).png
| caption = an Advertisement for Jalaja
| native_name = {{Infobox name module|ஜலஜா அல்லது நாட்டிய மஹிமை}}
| director = R. R. Gautham G. K. Seshagiri
| producer = G. K. Seshagiri
| screenplay = Manjeri S. Eswaran Dr. V. Raghavan G. K. Seshagiri
| story = Manjeri S. Eswaran Dr. V. Raghavan G. K. Seshagiri
| starring = Bhanumathi G. K. Seshagiri
| music = A. N. Kalyanasundaram
| cinematography = Rajinikanth Pandya Meenu Billimoria
| editing = Fakir Mohammed
| studio = [[Sagar Movietone|Sagar Renaissance Theatre]]
| distributor = General Film Distributing Co.
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1938| |}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Jalaja or Natya Mahimai''''' ({{trans|Jalaja or The Glory of Dance}}) is a 1938 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[dance film]] written by Manjeri S. Eswaran, Dr. V. Raghavan and G. K. Seshagiri. The film was directed by R. R. Gautham and G. K. Seshagiri and produced by [[Sagar Movietone|Sagar Renaissance Theatre]].<ref name="songbook" /> It stars G. K. Seshagiri and Bhanumathi{{efn|name=b|Not [[P. Bhanumathi]]}} in lead roles. The film marks the beginning of India’s first film centered entirely on dance.<ref name="songbook" /> It is also dedicated to Bhanumathi’s aunt,<ref name="Kumbakonam Bhanumathy">{{Cite news |last=Ramani |first=V. V. |date=26 November 2011 |title=Styles, past and present: Documentary on Kumbakonam Bhanumathi |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/dance/documentary-on-kumbakonam-bhanumathy/article19967705.ece |url-status=live |access-date=26 September 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200521162623/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/dance/documentary-on-kumbakonam-bhanumathy/article19967705.ece |archive-date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Srimathi Varalakshmi, who died before the completion of the film. No print of the film is known to survive, making it a lost film.<ref name="Harikrishnan">{{Cite book |last=Krishnan |first=Hari |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jrixDwAAQBAJ&q=Jalaja+1937&pg=PA109 |title=Celluloid Classicism |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-8195-7888-4 |pages=105 – 116 |language=Tamil |accessdate=20 May 2020}}</ref>

== Plot ==
{{No plot|date=July 2021}}

== Cast ==
{{Col-begin|width=70%}}
{{Col-break|width=20%}}
;Male cast<ref name="songbook">{{Cite book |url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP689-27-1-48 |title=Jalaja or Natya Mahimai |publisher=Devi Press Ltd., Madras |year=1938 |language=ta |type=[[song book]]}}</ref>
* G. K. Seshagiri as Rajagopalan
* K. S. Gopalakrishan{{efn|name=a|Not [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]]}} as Mudaliar
* V. Ganesa Iyer as Priest
* M. K. Venkatapathy as Azhagappan
* R. Venkatachalamaiah as Sivarama Iyer
* S. R. Krishna Iyengar as Kittu
* R. Ramanujachari as Agent
* [[Bhudo Advani]] as Mudaliar’s Servant
{{Col-break|width=20%}}
;Male cast (continued)<ref name="songbook" />
* Vaithi as Mudaliar’s Servant
* Sadasivan as Mudaliar’s Servant
* K. S. Ramamurthi as Station Master
* Sripada Shankar as Police Deputy Commissioner
* M. Viswanathan as Police Inspector
* G. Kalyanasundaram as Police Inspector
* A. Sundaram as Police Inspector
{{Col-break|width=20%}}
;Female cast<ref name="songbook" />
* Bhanumathi{{efn|name=b|Not [[P. Bhanumathi]]}} as Jalaja
* Lakshmi (Introducing)<ref name="Harikrishnan" /> as Lalitha
* Janaki as Duraikannu
* [[Kumari Rukmani|Rukmani]] as Rukmani<ref name="PP0149">{{Cite magazine |year=1947 |title=Kumari Rukmani |url=https://www.tamildigitallibrary.in/admin/assets/book/TVA_BOK_0008896_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88.pdf |magazine=Natchathra Malai |language=Tamil |pages=22–23}}</ref>
* Kokilam as Singer
{{col-end}}

== Production ==
The film was produced by [[Sagar Movietone|Sagar Renaissance Theatre]] and directed by R. R. Gautham and G. K. Seshagiri. G. K. Seshagiri played the hero, Rajagopalan, while Varalakshmi of the Varalakshmi-Bhanumathi duo was hired to play the heroine, Jalaja. Production began in 1937 in Bombay and on 3 November, Varalakshmi died suddenly.<ref name="Harikrishnan" /> Her niece Bhanumathi whose real name was Kumbakonam Bhanumathi was asked to replace her role, which she accepted.<ref name="Kumbakonam Bhanumathy" /> The film had a second title, ''Natya Mahimai'' meaning the glory or greatness of dance.<ref name="songbook" /><ref name="Harikrishnan" /><ref name="SangeetNatak">{{Cite web |last= |title=Kumbakonam K. Bhanumathi |url=https://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/citation_popup.php?id=650&at=2 |access-date=23 May 2020 |website=sangeetnatak.gov.in}}</ref> K. S. Gopalakrishnan, a congress party worker turned film director played the Mudaliar.<ref name="songbook" /> He is often confused with another film director, [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]].<ref name="panakkari">{{Cite news |last=Guy |first=Randor |author-link=Randor Guy |date=26 December 2008 |title=Panakkari 1953 |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/panakkari-1953/article3023707.ece |url-status=dead |access-date=20 May 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170725070547/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/panakkari-1953/article3023707.ece |archive-date=25 July 2017 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Bhudo Advani]], a Bengali actor played one of the Mudaliar’s servants.<ref name="songbook" /> The story and dialogues were written by Manjeri S. Eswaran, Dr. V. Raghavan and. G. K. Seshagiri. Photography was handled by Rajinikanth Pandya and Meenu Billimoria. Editing was done by Fakir Mohammed.<ref name="songbook" /> Although there is no choreographer listed in the song book, [[Film News Anandan]] credits S. Shanmugam as the dance choreographer.<ref name="Anandan">{{Cite book|last=Film News Anandan|url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1938-cinedetails34.asp|title=Sadhanaigal Padaitha Thamizh Thiraipada Varalaru|publisher=Sivagami Publishers|year=2004|location=Chennai|language=Tamil|trans-title=Tamil film history and its achievements|author-link=Film News Anandan|archive-url=https://archive.is/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1938-cinedetails34.asp|archive-date=25 June 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Hari Krishnan believes that S. Shanmugam is actually Shanmugasundara Nattuvanar of Thiruppanandal, who was an associate of Vadivelu Pilai, the duo’s choreographer before he died in 1937.<ref name="Harikrishnan" />

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by A. N. Kalyanasundaram who wrote the lyrics as well.<ref name="songbook" /><ref name="Anandan" /> The singers were Kokilam, Pankajam, Bhanumathi{{efn|name=b|Not [[P. Bhanumathi]]}}, Lakshmi, K. S. Gopalakrishnan{{efn|name=a|Not [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]]}} and [[Kumari Rukmani|Rukmani]]. There were 8 songs in the film of which most were dance pieces.<ref name="Harikrishnan" />

;''A. N. K.'''s Orchestra<ref name="songbook" />
* Parur S. Anantharaman (Conductor) – [[Violin|Fiddle]]
* V. Natarajan – [[Violin|Fiddle]]
* M. R. Jayarama Sarma – [[Flute]], [[Pump organ|Harmonium]]
* M. Balusami Mudaliar – [[Veena]]
* Ponnusami Dikshithar – [[Gottuvadhyam]]
* S. Radhakrishnan – [[Organ (music)|Organ]], [[Piano]], [[Xylophone]]
* M. K. Venkatapathy – [[Mridangam]]
* C. V. Mani – [[Mridangam]], [[Tabla]], [[Dholak]]
* S. Shanmugam as [[Bharatanatyam|Nattuvanar]]

{| class="wikitable"
! No. !! Song !! Singer !! Ragam !! Thalam !! Music/Lyrics
|-
| 1 || Ennemakilum Idhuvaraiyilum || Kokilam || Begada || Thriputai || rowspan="8" |A. N. Kalyanasundaram
|-
| 2 || Kanne Varai Thungave Ippo || Pankajam || Sindhu Bharavi || Adi
|-
| 3 || Innum Thayavu Vara Illaiya || Lakshmi, Bhanumathi || Khamas || Adi
|-
| 4 || Ananda Natesa || Bhanumathi, K. S. Gopalakrishnan || ||
|-
| 5 || Aadum Arase Nadinenunai || Kokilam || ||
|-
| 6 || Kadhalai Arindhor Sadhalai || Bhanumathi || ||
|-
| 7 || Adhuvum Seivar Avar Anegam || Kokilam || ||
|-
| 8 || Theruvil Varano Ennai Sarne || [[Kumari Rukmani|Rukmani]], K. S. Gopalakrishnan || Khamas || Rupakam
|}

== Reception ==
According to Hari Krishnan, "there is no information about how Jalaja fared at the box office. Regardless, the success of the film provides us with new perspectives on thinking about the ways in which Bharathanatyam was circulating in the period [during the 1930s] immediately following the work of the [Madras] [[Madras Music Academy|Music Academy]] and [Rukmini Devi] [[Rukmini Devi Arundale|Arundale]]." In an August 1938 Filmindia magazine, Baburao Patel reports that, "''Jalaja'' failed to draw and people in town think that it was due to bad direction. The story is reported to be weak and a bad selection of artistes is also given as a reason."<ref name="Filmindia">{{Cite magazine |last=Patel |first=Baburao |date=August 1938 |title=Filmindia |url=https://archive.org/details/filmindia193804unse/page/n126/mode/1up |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=126 |accessdate=6 June 2020}}</ref> In September of the same year, Patel continues with, "the original ''Jalaja'' is now expected to be revived after a number of changes."<ref name="Jalaja194">{{Cite magazine |last=Patel |first=Baburao |date=August 1938 |title=Filmindia |url=https://archive.org/details/filmindia193804unse/page/n195/mode/1up |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=195 |access-date=6 June 2020}}</ref> No print of the film is known to survive, making it a lost film.<ref name="Harikrishnan" />

== Notelist ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1930s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1938 films]]
[[Category:1938 lost films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian dance films]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Lost Indian films]]

Jalaja (1938 film) - Revision history

CleanupBot: /* Soundtrack */clean up

>Kailash29792: not RS