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{{short description|Jain temples in the state of Karnataka}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Jain Basadis of hoysala
| native_name =
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]
| image = File:Profile of the Parshvanatha basadi (1133 AD) at Halebidu.JPG
| caption = Parshvanatha Basadi
| map_type =
| map_size =
| map_caption = Location within Karnataka
| coordinates = {{coord|13|12|31.2|N|75|59|42.4|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| location = [[Hassan, Karnataka]], India
| deity = [[Parshvanatha]], [[Shantinatha]] and [[Rishabhanatha|Adinatha]]
| festivals = [[Mahavir Jayanti]]
| temple_quantity = 3
| creator = [[Vishnuvardhana]], [[Veera Ballala II]]
| established = 12th century
| website =
| architecture_style = [[Hoysala architecture]]
}}
{{Jainism}}

'''Jain hoysala complex''' in [[Halebidu]], [[Hassan district]] consists of three [[Jain]] Basadis (Basti or temples) dedicated to the Jain Tirthankars [[Parshvanatha]], [[Shantinatha]] and [[Rishabhanatha|Adinatha]]. The complex is situated near [[Kedareshwara Temple, Halebidu|Kedareshwara temple]] and ''Dwarasamudra lake''. The temple complex also includes a step well called ''Hulikere Kalyani''.{{sfn|UNESCO|2015}}

These temples were constructed in the 12th century during the reign of [[Hoysala Empire]] along with [[Kedareshwara temple]] and [[Hoysaleswara Temple]].[[Archaeological Survey of India]] has listed all three basadi in the complex in the list of "Must See" Indian Heritage and are also inscribed as one of the "Adarsh Smarak Monument".{{Sfn|ASI must see|Parsvanatha Basadi}}{{Sfn|ASI must see|Santhinatha Basadi}}{{Sfn|ASI must see|Adinatha Basadi}}{{sfn|Sharma|2018}}

== History ==
{{multiple image
| image1 = Old Kannada inscription in front of the Parshvanatha basadi at Halebidu 2 (cropped).JPG
| image2 = Old Kannada inscription at mukhamantapa (entrance porch) at Adinatha basadi in Halebidu (cropped).JPG
| footer = Inscription inside Parshvanatha basadi (left) and Adinatha basadi (right)
| total_width = 250
| align = left
}}

Halebidu was the capital of the [[Hoysala Empire]] between the {{circa|11th to 14th century CE}} when Jainism maintained a strong presence in the region.{{sfn|Sangave|2001|p=175}} The region was called Dorasamudra or Dwarasamundra during the rule of Hoysala.{{Sfn|Chugh|2016|p=506}} Bittiga (later became [[Vishnuvardhana]]), is considered the greatest ruler of Hoysala kingdom and was a Jain till around 1115 after which he converted to [[Vaishnavism]] under the influence of the Hindu saint [[Ramanujacharya]].{{sfn|Rice|2001|p=332}}{{Sfn|Caldwell|1881|p=43}}{{sfn|Knapp|2008|p=497}}{{Sfn|Jones|1865|p=209}}{{Sfn|Stein|1989|p=16}} However, he still recognized Jainism on par with Hinduism.{{Sfn|UNESCO|2015}} During their regime, Hinduism and Jainism co-existed with utmost religious harmony.{{Sfn|ASI must see|Adinatha Basadi}} Vishnuvardhana's wife Shantala Devi, remained a follower of Jainism.{{sfn|British Library}}{{Sfn|Menon|2013|p=127}}{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=49}}{{Sfn|Karnataka Government|p=82}} These temple were later maintained by [[Maharaja of Mysore]].{{Sfn|Deccan Herald|2010}} There are three basadis in this complex:{{sfn|Tandon|1986|p=73}}{{Sfn|ASI|World Heritage Sites (Tentative list)}}

The ''Parshvanatha Basadi'' was built by Boppadeva in 1133 CE during the reign of King [[Vishnuvardhana]].{{Sfn|Chugh|2016|p=388}} Boppadeva was the son of the notable Gangaraja, a minister under Hoysala King Vishnuvardhana. The construction of the temple coincided with the victory of [[Narasimha I]] as the royal heir to the throne. The deity therefore is called Vijaya Parsvanatha (''lit'', "victorious Parsvanatha").{{Sfn|ASI|Parsvanatha Basti, Halebid}}

The ''Shantinatha Basadi'' was built around 1192 CE, during the reign of [[Veera Ballala II]].{{Sfn|ASI|Shantinatha Basti, Halebid}}{{Sfn|Chugh|2016|p=388}}

The ''Adinatha Basadi'' is the smallest of the Jain basadis also built in {{circa|12th century}}.{{Sfn|ASI|Adinatha Basti, Halebid}} A monolith  of [[Bahubali]] which was present inside this temple but is now displayed outside Halebidu museum.{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=51}}{{Sfn|ASI|Archaeological Museum, Halebid}}

The temples along with the capital were plundered and destroyed twice, by [[Malik Kafur]], general of [[Alauddin Khalji]] during the [[Siege of Dwarasamudra]] in 1311 and by Sultan [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] in 1326.{{sfn|UNESCO|2015}}{{sfn|British Library}}{{sfn|Hunter|1886|p=93}}{{sfn|Eastwick|1879|p=252}}{{sfn|Kapoor|2002|p=2771}} The [[Wodeyar]] of [[Mysore]] and [[Ummathur]] (1399–1610), [[Nayakas of Keladi]] (1550–1763) were hostile Jains.{{sfn|von Glasenapp|1925|p=71}} In 1683, they stamped [[linga]] symbol in the main ''basati'' of Jains in Halebid and Jains were forced to perform Shiva rites.{{sfn|von Glasenapp|1925|p=72}}

== Architecture ==
While [[Hoysaleswara temple]] and [[Kedareshwara temple]] are famous workmanship, The Jain basadis are famous for architectural tradition.{{sfn|Channarayapatna Taluka Administration|p=11}} Halebidu Jain complex along with [[Pattadakal]] are the most famous Jain centers in [[South Karnataka]].{{Sfn|Hendrix|Okeja|2018|p=508}} The temples are great example on [[dravidian architecture]].{{Sfn|UNESCO|2015}}

; Parshvanatha Basadi
[[File:Lathe turned pillar with Parsvanatha tirtankara in background, Parsvanatha Basadi at Halebidu.jpg|Exquisite carvings of lathe-turned Pillar in Parsvanatha Basadi|thumb|left]]
''Parshvanatha Basadi'' is notable for its architecture. This temple is famous for the beautiful navaranga halls and exquisite carvings on the lathe-turned pillars.{{Sfn|Varadpande|1987|p=142}}{{sfn|Rajendran|Aravazhi|2011|p=987}} These pillars are massive placed to each other, which according to ''Kurt Bruhn'' signifies "the many layers karma that way us down with their black colour representing timelessness like it is for [[tirthankars]]".{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=50}} The ceiling of the mandapa and mahamandapa is ornate with the sculpture of [[yaksha]] [[Dharanendra]] at the centre.{{Sfn|ASI must see|Parsvanatha Basadi}} Indologist ''Klaus Fisher'' describes the intricate artwork that embellishes the temple's ceiling as the most elaborate in all of Halebidu.{{sfn|Jaina|2006|p=170}}

The temple has a ''Ardhamandapa'' ("half hall") and a Mahamandapa ("great hall") with a monolithic {{convert|18|ft|m}} idol of [[Parshvanatha]] in [[Kayotsarga]] posture. Sculptures of [[yaksha]] [[Dharanendra]] and [[yakshi]] [[Padmavati (Jainism)|Padmavati]] are present in the ''mahamandapa''.{{Sfn|ASI|Parsvanatha Basti, Halebid}} This temple is the largest and considered the most architecturally significant in the basadi complex. Along with being rich in sculptures, the temple also features carvings of the life-scenes of Tirthankaras on the ceiling panel of ''mukhamandapa''.{{Sfn|Evans|1997|p=257}} There is a famous image of Padmavati with three hooded cobra over her head and with fruits in three hands and a weapon in fourth.{{Sfn|Shah|1987|p=277}} The temple also features niches for idols of the 24 [[tirthankaras]].{{Sfn|UNESCO|2015}}

; Shantinatha Basadi
''Shantinatha Basadi'' or ''Santisvara basadi'' consist of a [[garbhagriha]] ("sanctum"), ''[[ardhamandapa]]'', ''[[mahamandapa]]'', large granite pillars with the inner sanctum consisting of a block stone {{convert|18|ft|m}} image of [[Shantinatha]], the sixteenth tirthankar. The [[merlon]]ed structure is supported by a square pillared porch with granite pillars. The [[adhisthana]] moldings are similar to Parsvanatha Basti.{{sfn|ASI|Shantinatha Basti, Halebid}} A series of lathe-turned pillars supports the ceiling.{{sfn|ASI must see|Santhinatha Basadi}}
The previous [[Mahamastakabhisheka]] was organized in January 2010.{{sfn|Deccan Herald|2010}}{{sfn|Deccan Herald|2011}} The temple complex also includes a Brahmadeva pillar erected outside the temple.{{sfn|Settar|1971|pp=27-33}}

; Adinatha Basadi
''Adinatha Basadi'' is a small non-ornate temple consisting of garbhagriha, ''[[mandapa]]'' ("hall") with the image of the [[Rishabhanatha|Adinatha]] and beautifully carved the Hindu goddess [[Saraswati]].{{sfn|ASI|Adinatha Basti, Halebid}} The original idol of Adinatha was a stout figure in [[lotus position]]; However, kept in navaranga hall after it broke.{{sfn|Raman|1994|p=59}} There is a statue of Jina equal in the height to the other two basadi.{{sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=50}} The sanctum is bereft of superstructure.{{Sfn|ASI must see|Adinatha Basadi}}

The basadi complex also includes a monolithic 18 feet tall [[manasthamba]] and Hulikere Kalyani (reservoir).{{sfn|Deccan Herald|2019}}

== Excavation ==
[[File:Bahubali monolith at Halebidu.jpg|12th century, Bahubali statue, Halebid museum{{sfn|Panikar|2010|p=249}}|thumb|upright=0.5]]

In 2019, the remains of Jain temple were found near ''Parshvanatha Basadi''. In the excavated structure around ten sculptures were found, these sculptures have been moved to Halebid museum.{{Sfn|The Hindu|2019a}} ASI started constructing a compound wall around the Jain complex but during construction few Jain sculptures were found along with the basement structure of another Jain temple. The sculptures were moved to the museum. However, the temple structure was damaged due to the use of heavy earthmoving machinery.{{Sfn|The Hindu|2019b}} The remains of a {{convert|30|x|20|m|ft|abbr=on}} Jain temple built in the time of Hoysala dynasty was discovered near the Shantinatha Basadi during an excavation in 2021. Many artefacts and sculptures were discovered in the temple site.{{sfn|Outlook|2021}} A {{convert|2|ft|m}} Jain [[Upāsaka and Upāsikā|Upasaka]] sculpture was also discovered along with the temple remains.{{sfn|The Hindu|2021}}

According to A. Aravazhi, assistant archeologist in [[Archaeological Survey of India]], Halebidu has many Jain temples built during the reign of Hoysala empire underground.{{sfn|Mendonca|2013}}

== Restoration ==
These Jain basadi complex is protected by [[Archaeological Survey of India]].{{Sfn|ASI Bangalore circle|Centrally Protected Monuments}} A compound wall is being built around the temple structure found 2019, more than 1,000 sculptures have been found in this area, ASI is planning to build an open-air museum for display.{{Sfn|The Hindu|2019a}} These idols include an idol of Goddess [[Ambika (Jainism)|Ambika]] represented as [[salabhanjika]] with her child in one hand and ''amra-lumbi'' (mango tree branch) in other.{{Sfn|Shah|1987|p=264}} [[Ministry of Tourism (India)|Department of tourism]] has issued Rs. 30 crores to facelift [[Belur, Karnataka|Belur]] and [[Halebidu]] for improving religious tourism.{{sfn|Girish|2018}} The Jain temples other than Parshvanatha Basadi, Shantinatha Basadi and Adinatha Basadi in Haledbidu are in a lesser state of preservation.{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=49}}

Halebidu is also on the route followed by luxury tourist train - [[Golden Chariot]].{{Sfn|Golden Chariot route}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Eighteen feet tall sculpture of Parshvanatha in the Parshvanatha basadi at Halebidu.JPG|{{convert|18|ft|m}} sculpture of [[Parshvanatha]], Parshvanatha basadi
File:Shantinatha basadi (1196 AD) at Halebidu.JPG|Shantinatha basadi
File:Eighteen feet tall sculpture of Shantinatha in the Shantinatha basadi at Halebidu.JPG|{{convert|18|ft|m}} sculpture of [[Shantinatha]], Shantinatha basadi
File:Adinatha basadi (12th century) at Halebiu.JPG|Adinatha basadi
File:Vijaya Parshvanatha Basadi Halebidu - Manastambha relief.jpg|Relief on [[manastambha]] outside Parshvanatha Basadi
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{commons category}}
* [[Hoysala architecture]]
* [[Hoysaleswara Temple]]
* [[Jainism in Karnataka]]
* [[List of World Heritage Sites in India]]
* [[Shravanabelagola]]

== References ==
=== Citation ===
{{reflist|23em}}

=== Bibliography ===
==== Books ====
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book | last=Caldwell | first=Robert | author-link=Robert Caldwell | title=A Political and General History of the District of Tinnevelly, in the Presidency of Madras | url={{Google books|ZLns-iw4Qx8C|page=43|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | edition=From the Earliest Period to Its Cession to the English Government in A, Part 1801 | publisher=E. Keys, at the Government Press| date=1881 }}
* {{cite book | last=Chugh | first=Lalit | title=Karnataka's Rich Heritage - Art and Architecture | url={{Google books|JpnoCwAAQBAJ|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | edition= From Prehistoric Times to the Hoysala Period | publisher=[[Notion Press]] | location=[[Chennai]] | date=2016 |isbn=978-93-5206-825-8 }}
* {{cite book | last=Eastwick | first=Edward Backhouse | author-link=Edward Eastwick | title=Handbook of the Madras Presidency | url={{Google books|JxtZ9BzAbdgC|page=252|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray]] | location=[[London]] | series=[[Murray's Handbooks for Travellers]] | date=1879 | edition=2 }}
* {{cite book | last=Evans | first=Kirsti | editor-last1=Kippenberg | editor-first1=H. G. | editor-last2=Lawson | editor-first2=E. T. | url={{Google books|v-0yalYlNDkC|page=257|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Epic Narratives in the Hoysaḷa Temples: The Rāmāyaṇa, Mahābhārata, and Bhāgavata Purāṇa in Haḷebīd, Belūr, and Amṛtapura | series=[[Numen (journal)|Numen Book Series]] | volume=74 | publisher=[[Brill Publishers|BRILL]] | location=[[New York City|New York]] | date=1997 | isbn=978-90-04-10575-1 }}
* {{cite book | last1=Hendrix | first1=Scott E. | last2=Okeja | first2=Uchenna | url={{Google books|__9KDwAAQBAJ|page=508|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=The World's Greatest Religious Leaders: How Religious Figures Helped Shape World History | volume=2 | publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] | date=2018 | isbn=9781440841385 }}
* {{cite book | last=Hunter | first=Sir William Wilson | author-link=William Wilson Hunter | url={{Google books|25MbAQAAIAAJ|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India | series=[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]] | volume=10 | edition=2 | publisher=[[Trübner & Co.]] | date=1886 }}
* {{cite book | last=Jaina | first=Jyotiprasāda | title=Religion and Culture of the Jains | url={{Google books|eW3uZIZzJWEC|page=170|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | edition=6 | series=Jñānapīṭha Mūrtidevī granthamālā: English series | publisher=[[Bharatiya Jnanpith]] | date=2006 }}
* {{cite book | last=Jones | first=W. M. | author-link=The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal | title=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal | url={{Google books|P14xAQAAMAAJ|pg=RA1-PA209|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | volume=33 | publisher=[[Bishop's College, Calcutta|Bishop's College Press]] | location=[[Calcutta]] | date=1865 }}
* {{cite book | last=Kapoor | first=Subodh | title=The Indian Encyclopaedia: Gautami Ganga | url={{Google books|Nt4nbp1VIhsC|page=2771|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | volume=9 | publisher=Genesis Publishing Pvt Ltd | location=[[New Delhi]] | date=2002 | isbn=978-81-7755-266-9 }}
* {{cite book | last=Knapp | first=Stephen | title=Seeing Spiritual India: A Guide to Temples, Holy Sites, Festivals and Traditions | url={{Google Books|d1JJCgAAQBAJ|pg=PT497|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[iUniverse]] | year=2008 | isbn=9780595614523 }}
* {{cite book | last=Menon | first=Indira | title=RHYTHMS IN STONE, The Temples of South India |url={{Google books|Ym17YA_jhCgC|page=127|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=Ambi Knowledge Resource | location=[[New Delhi]] | year=2013 | isbn=9788190359139}}
* {{cite book|last=Panikar|first=Agustin|url={{Google books|oCPtDwAAQBAJ|page=349|plainurl=yes}} |title=Jainism: History, Society, Philosophy and Practice | volume=24 | series=Lala Sunder Lal Jain research series |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] | location=[[Delhi]] |date=2010|isbn=978-81-208-3460-6}}
* {{cite book | last=Raman | first=Afried | title=Bangalore - Mysore | url={{Google books|cBDkVEmLf0cC|page=59|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[Orient Blackswan]] | location=[[Madras]] | year=1994 | isbn=9780863114311 }}
* {{cite book|last=Rice|first=B. L.|author-link=B. Lewis Rice| url={{Google books|p0wSoEIub1YC|page=332|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}| title=Gazetteer of Mysore |volume=2|publisher=[[Asian Educational Services]]|date=2001|orig-date=1897|isbn=9788120609778 | location=Karnataka }}
* {{citation |last=Sangave |first=Vilas Adinath |author-link=Vilas Adinath Sangave |title=Facets of Jainology: Selected Research Papers on Jain Society, Religion, and Culture |url={{Google books|QzEQJHWUwXQC|page=175|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |date=2001 |publisher=[[Popular Prakashan]] |location=[[Mumbai]] |isbn=978-81-7154-839-2 }}
* {{cite book |last=Shah | first=Umakant Premanand | author-link=Umakant Premanand Shah | title=Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography | url={{Google books|m_y_P4duSXsC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | date=1987 | publisher=Abhinav Publications | location=[[Delhi]] | isbn=81-7017-208-X }}
* {{cite book | last=Stein | first=Burton | author-link=Burton Stein | title=The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara | url={{Google books|OpxeaYQbGDMC|page=16|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] | date=1989 | isbn=978-0-521-26693-2}}
* {{cite book | last=Tandon | first=O. P. | url={{Google books|2fomDwAAQBAJ|pg=PT73|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Jaina Shrines in India | date=1986 | publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting]] | isbn=978-81-230-2454-7 | language=en}}
* {{cite book | last1=Titze | first1=Kurt| last2=Bruhn | first2= Klaus| title=Jainism: A Pictorial Guide to the Religion of Non-Violence | url={{Google books|loQkEIf8z5wC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] | location=[[New Delhi]] | edition=2 | date=1998 | isbn=81-208-1534-3 }}
* {{cite book | last=Varadpande | first=Manohar Laxman | title=History of Indian Theatre | url={{Google books|SyxOHOCVcVkC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | volume=1 | publisher=Abhinav Publications | location=[[Delhi]] | date=1987 | isbn=978-81-7017-221-5}}
* {{cite book | last=von Glasenapp | first=Helmuth | author-link=Helmuth von Glasenapp | others=Shridhar B. Shrotri (trans.) | title=Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation | trans-title=Der Jainismus: Eine Indische Erlosungsreligion | url={{Google books|WzEzXDk0v6sC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] (Reprinted: 1999) | year=1925 | location=[[Delhi]] | isbn=81-208-1376-6 }}
{{refend}}

==== Web ====
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* {{cite journal | last1=Rajendran | first1=C. P. | author-link1=C. P. Rajendran | last2=Aravazhi | first2=P. | title=Ancient Canal and Stone Quarries near Halebidu, Hassan District, Karnataka | journal=[[Current Science]] | volume=101 | issue=8 | year=2011 | pages=987–989 | url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/24079259 | access-date=22 May 2022 | jstor=24079259 }}
* {{cite journal | last=Settar | first=S | author-link=Shadakshari Settar | title=The Brahmadeva Pillars. An Inquiry into the Origin and Nature of the Brahmadeva Worship among the Digambara Jains | journal=[[Artibus Asiae]] | volume=33 | issue=1 | year=1971 | pages=17–38 | doi=10.2307/3249787 | access-date=22 May 2022 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3249787 | jstor=3249787 | url-access=subscription }}
* {{cite news | last=Girish | first=M. B. | url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/190618/facelift-for-belur-halebeedu.html | newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | date=19 June 2018 | title=Facelift for Belur, Halebeedu | access-date=21 July 2019 }}
* {{cite news | last=Mendonca | first=Alvin | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Hoysala-treasures-waiting-to-be-discovered/articleshow/18439103.cms | title=Hoysala treasures waiting to be discovered | newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | date=11 Feb 2013 | access-date=21 July 2019 }}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/asi-finds-ruins-of-ancient-jain-structure-at-halebid/article28119453.ece | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=24 June 2019 | publisher=[[The Hindu]] | place=[[Karnataka]] | title=ASI finds ruins of ancient Jain structure at Halebid | ref={{SfnRef|The Hindu|2019a}} | access-date=30 June 2019 }}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/antiques-found-lying-by-the-roadside-in-halebid/article28528238.ece
|title=Antiques found lying by the roadside in Halebid | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=18 July 2019 | publisher=[[The Hindu]] | place=[[Karnataka]] | ref={{sfnref|The Hindu|2019b}} | access-date=21 July 2019}}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/220041/halebeedu-jain-basadi-cries-attention.html | title=Halebeedu Jain basadi cries for attention | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] | date=17 January 2019 | publisher=www.deccanherald.com | place=[[Karnataka]] | ref = {{SfnRef|Deccan Herald|2019}} | access-date=21 July 2019}}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/172856/mahamasthakabhisheka-world-peace-halebeed.html | title='Mahamasthakabhisheka' for world peace at Halebeed | publisher=[[Deccan Herald]] | date=1 July 2011 | access-date=28 July 2019 | ref={{sfnref|Deccan Herald|2011}} }}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/48739/mastakabhisheka-halebeedu.html | title=Mastakabhisheka in Halebeedu | date=24 Jan 2010 | access-date=28 July 2019 | publisher=[[Deccan Herald]] | ref={{sfnref|Deccan Herald|2010}} }}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/excavation-unravels-remains-of-a-jain-temple-in-halebid/article33744568.ece | title=Excavation unravels remains of a Jain temple in Halebid | date=4 February 2021 | access-date=8 February 2021 | work=[[The Hindu]] | ref={{sfnref|The Hindu|2021}} }}
* {{cite news | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-asi-unearths-jain-temple-in-hassan-district-karnataka/373856 | title=ASI Unearths Jain Temple In Karnataka's Hassan District | work=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] | date=10 February 2021 | access-date=10 February 2021 | ref={{sfnref|Outlook|2021}} }}
* {{cite web |last=Sharma |first=Mahesh |title=Basic tourist amenities at the 100 identified Adarsh Smarak |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1527681 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]] |publisher=[[Ministry of Culture (India)]] | date=4 April 2018 |access-date=27 January 2023}}
* {{cite web | url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5898 | title=Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala | website=[[UNESCO]] | date=15 April 2014 | access-date=28 December 2017 | ref={{sfnref|UNESCO|2015}} }}
* {{cite web | url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/a/019pho0000965s1u00041000.html | title=A Jain temple near Hullabeed. [Halebid] | publisher=[[British Library]] | access-date=22 May 2022 | ref={{sfnref|British Library}} }}
* {{cite web | url=https://www.the-golden-chariot.com/prideofthesouth.html | title=Pride of the South | website=[[Golden Chariot]] | ref={{SfnRef|Golden Chariot route}} }}
* [[Government of Karnataka]]
** {{cite web| author=Karnataka Government | url=https://www.karnataka.gov.in/Gazetteer/Publications/Special%20Publications/A%20Hand%20Book%20of%20Karnataka%202015/Chapter%2002%20History.pdf | title=A handbook of Karnataka | publisher=Government of Karnataka | website=www.karnataka.gov.in | access-date=21 July 2019 }}
** {{cite web | url=https://channarayapatna.kar.nic.in/htmls/Tourism/hsn_tourism.pdf | website=channarayapatna.kar.nic.in | publisher=Government of Karnataka | title=Mirroring grace in stone | ref={{SfnRef|Channarayapatna Taluka Administration}} }}
* [[Archaeological Survey of India]]
** {{cite web|url=http://asibengalurucircle.in/centrally-protected-monuments|title=Centrally Protected Monuments|website=Archaeological Survey of India|access-date=28 December 2017|ref={{SfnRef|ASI Bangalore circle|Centrally Protected Monuments}}|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501074016/http://asibengalurucircle.in/centrally-protected-monuments|url-status=dead}}
** {{cite web | url=http://asibengalurucircle.in/parsvanatha-basti-halebid | title=Parsvanatha Basti, Halebid | website=Archaeological Survey of India | access-date=10 June 2017 | ref={{SfnRef|ASI|Parsvanatha Basti, Halebid}} | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118222232/http://asibengalurucircle.in/parsvanatha-basti-halebid | archive-date=18 November 2017 | url-status=dead }}
** {{cite web | url=http://asibengalurucircle.in/shantinatha-basti-halebid | title=Shantinatha Basti, Halebid | website=Archaeological Survey of India | access-date=10 June 2017 | ref={{SfnRef|ASI|Shantinatha Basti, Halebid}} | archive-date=28 November 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128195429/http://asibengalurucircle.in/shantinatha-basti-halebid | url-status=dead }}
** {{cite web | url=http://asibengalurucircle.in/adinatha-basti-halebid | title=Adinatha Basti, Halebid | website=Archaeological Survey of India | access-date=10 June 2017 | ref={{SfnRef|ASI|Adinatha Basti, Halebid}} | archive-date=18 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418145223/http://asibengalurucircle.in/adinatha-basti-halebid | url-status=dead }}
** {{cite web | url=http://asibengalurucircle.in/museums | title=Archaeological Museum, Halebid | website=Archaeological Survey of India | access-date=28 December 2017 | ref={{SfnRef|ASI|Archaeological Museum, Halebid}} | archive-date=26 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226041802/http://asibengalurucircle.in/museums | url-status=dead }}
** {{cite web | url=http://asibengalurucircle.in/world-heritage-sites-tentative-list | title=World Heritage Sites (TENTATIVE LIST) | website=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] | access-date=10 June 2017 | ref={{SfnRef|ASI|World Heritage Sites (Tentative list)}} | archive-date=24 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624052720/http://asibengalurucircle.in/world-heritage-sites-tentative-list | url-status=dead }}
** {{cite web| url=http://asimustsee.nic.in/parsavanatha-basadi.php | title=Parsvanatha Basadi, Hassan, Karnataka | website=Archaeological Survey of India | ref={{SfnRef|ASI must see|Parsvanatha Basadi}} }}
** {{cite web| url=http://asimustsee.nic.in/santhinatha-basadi.php | title=Santhinatha Basadi, Hassan, Karnataka | website=Archaeological Survey of India | ref={{SfnRef|ASI must see|Santhinatha Basadi}} }}
** {{cite web| url=http://asimustsee.nic.in/adinatha-basada.php | title=Adinatha Basadi, Hassan, Karnataka | website=Archaeological Survey of India | ref={{SfnRef|ASI must see|Adinatha Basadi}} }}
{{refend}}

== Enternal links ==
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5898/ Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala]

{{Jain temples}}
{{Jainism Topics}}

[[Category:Jain temples in Karnataka]]
[[Category:12th-century Jain temples]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hassan district]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Hassan district]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures destroyed in the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent]]

Jain temples, Halebidu - Revision history

Janamkatha: Put up location