J. Shivashanmugam Pillai - Revision history

Mohit8811 at 04:53, 1 February 2026

2026-02-01T04:53:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:23, 1 February 2026
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	\| birth_name = Jagannathan Shivashanmugam		\| birth_name = Jagannathan Shivashanmugam
	\| birth_date = 24 February 1901		\| birth_date = 24 February 1901
	\| birth_place = Madras, ~~Tamilnadu~~		\| birth_place = [[Madras]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj\|British India]]<br/>(now [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India)
	\| death_date = {{death date and age\|df=yes\|1975\|2\|17\|1901\|2\|24}}		\| death_date = {{death date and age\|df=yes\|1975\|2\|17\|1901\|2\|24}}
	\| alma_mater = [[Loyola College, Chennai]]		\| alma_mater = [[Loyola College, Chennai]]
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	\| spouse = Chandra		\| spouse = Chandra
	}}		}}
	'''Jagannathan Shivashanmugam''' (24 February 1901 – 17 February 1975) was an Indian politician of the [[Indian National Congress]]. In 1938, he became the first [[Scheduled Caste]] [[~~mayor]]~~ of [[Madras]]. He also served as the first speaker of the Madras Legislative Assembly after India's independence.		'''Jagannathan Shivashanmugam''' (24 February 1901 – 17 February 1975) was an Indian politician of the [[Indian National Congress]]. In 1938, he became the first [[Scheduled Caste]] [[Mayor of Chennai\|Mayor of Madras]]. He also served as the first speaker of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly\|Madras Legislative Assembly]] after [[Independence Day (India)\|India's independence]].

	== Early life ==		== Early life ==

	Shivashanmugam was born in the ~~city~~ of ~~Madras on~~ 24 February 1901 to Jagannathan, a steward.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio">{{cite book\|title=Dalit movement in India and its leaders, 1857-1956~~\|author=Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara\|pages=294–295~~\|publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd\|year=1994\|id={{ISBN\|8185880433}}, {{ISBN\|978-81-85880-43-3}}}}</ref> He had his schooling in Madras and graduated from [[Loyola College, Chennai\|Loyola College]].<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> He completed his master's in private from Madras University.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" />		Shivashanmugam was born [[Chennai\|Madras]] (now [[Chennai]], the capital of [[Tamil Nadu]]) theon 24 February 1901. His father Jagannathan was a steward. Shivashanmugam had his schooling in Madras and graduated from [[Loyola College, Chennai\|Loyola College]]. He completed his master's in private from the [[University of Madras]].<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio">{{cite book \|author=Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara \|title=Dalit movement in India and its leaders, 1857-1956 \|publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd \|year=1994 \|pages=294–295 \|id={{ISBN\|8185880433}}, {{ISBN\|978-81-85880-43-3}}}}</ref>

	== First Speaker in independent India ==		== First Speaker in independent India ==

	The first elections to state assemblies were conducted in 1951. Since independence, the franchise had been enlarged to include all Indian citizens. Shivashanmugam was elected to the assembly and was successfully nominated as the first Speaker.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> Shivashanmugam served as the Speaker of the assembly from 1951 to 1955.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="tamilnadu_government">{{cite web\|title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India\|publisher=Government of India\|url=http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tamilnadu.htm\|access-date=3 April 2009\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221838/http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tamilnadu.htm\|archive-date=9 April 2009\|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="india_government">{{cite web\|title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India \|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm \|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm \|archive-date= 6 October 2014 \|df= }}</ref>		The first elections to state assemblies were conducted in 1951. Since independence, the franchise had been enlarged to include all Indian citizens. Shivashanmugam was elected to the assembly and was successfully nominated as the first Speaker.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> Shivashanmugam served as the Speaker of the assembly from 1951 to 1955.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="india_government">{{cite web\|title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India \|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm \|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm \|archive-date= 6 October 2014 \|df= }}</ref>

	== Later life ==		== Later life ==

	From 1955 to 1961, Shivashanmugam served as a member of the Union Public Service Commission.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> In 1962, he was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian Parliament and served as member from 1962 to 1968.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="rajyasabha_bio">{{cite book\|title=Biographical Sketch - Rajya Sabha\|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm\|publisher=Government of India\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329131618/http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm\|archive-date=29 March 2008\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>		From 1955 to 1961, Shivashanmugam served as a member of the [[Union Public Service Commission]].<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> In 1962, he was nominated to the [[Rajya Sabha]], the upper house of the [[Parliament of India\|Indian Parliament]] and served as member from 1962 to 1968.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="rajyasabha_bio">{{cite book\|title=Biographical Sketch - Rajya Sabha\|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm\|publisher=Government of India\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329131618/http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm\|archive-date=29 March 2008\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

	== Family ==		== Family ==
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	[[Category:1901 births]]		[[Category:1901 births]]
	[[Category:1975 deaths]]		[[Category:1975 deaths]]
	[[Category:Tamil Nadu ~~politicians~~]]		[[Category:Politicians from Tamil Nadu]]
	[[Category:Mayors of Chennai]]		[[Category:Mayors of Chennai]]
	[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]

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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{infobox person
| name = J. Shivashanmugam
| birth_name = Jagannathan Shivashanmugam
| birth_date = 24 February 1901
| birth_place = Madras, Tamilnadu
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1975|2|17|1901|2|24}}
| alma_mater = [[Loyola College, Chennai]]
| occupation = politician
| spouse = Chandra
}}
'''Jagannathan Shivashanmugam''' (24 February 1901 – 17 February 1975) was an Indian politician of the [[Indian National Congress]]. In 1938, he became the first [[Scheduled Caste]] [[mayor]] of [[Madras]]. He also served as the first speaker of the Madras Legislative Assembly after India's independence.

== Early life ==

Shivashanmugam was born in the city of Madras on 24 February 1901 to Jagannathan, a steward.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio">{{cite book|title=Dalit movement in India and its leaders, 1857-1956|author=Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara|pages=294–295|publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd|year=1994|id={{ISBN|8185880433}}, {{ISBN|978-81-85880-43-3}}}}</ref> He had his schooling in Madras and graduated from [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]].<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> He completed his master's in private from Madras University.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" />

== First Speaker in independent India ==

The first elections to state assemblies were conducted in 1951. Since independence, the franchise had been enlarged to include all Indian citizens. Shivashanmugam was elected to the assembly and was successfully nominated as the first Speaker.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> Shivashanmugam served as the Speaker of the assembly from 1951 to 1955.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="tamilnadu_government">{{cite web|title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India|publisher=Government of India|url=http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tamilnadu.htm|access-date=3 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221838/http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tamilnadu.htm|archive-date=9 April 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="india_government">{{cite web|title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly: Details of terms of successive Legislative Assemblies constituted under the Constitution of India |url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm |publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/archive/list/assemblies-overview.htm |archive-date= 6 October 2014 |df= }}</ref>

== Later life ==

From 1955 to 1961, Shivashanmugam served as a member of the Union Public Service Commission.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /> In 1962, he was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian Parliament and served as member from 1962 to 1968.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="rajyasabha_bio">{{cite book|title=Biographical Sketch - Rajya Sabha|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm|publisher=Government of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329131618/http://rajyasabha.nic.in/whoswho/previous_member/biograp_sketc_1e.htm|archive-date=29 March 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Family ==

Shivashanmugam married Chandra in 1937 and has three sons and one daughter.<ref name="shivashanmugam_bio" /><ref name="rajyasabha_bio" />

== Death ==

Shivashanmugam died on 17 February 1975 at the age of 73.<ref name="rajyasabha_bio" />

== Works ==

* {{cite book|title=History of the Adi Dravidas}}
* {{cite book | title=The Life, Select Writings and Speeches of Rao Bahadur M. C. Rajah| last=Rajah| first=M. C.|author2=J. Shivashunmugham | year=1930| publisher=Indian Publishing House}}
* {{cite book|title=Legislative Protection of Cultivating Tenant Labourers}}

== Notes ==

{{Reflist|2}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|title=[[List of mayors of Chennai|Mayor of Madras]]|before=[[K. Sriramulu Naidu]]|after=[[K. Venkataswamy Naidu]]|years=1937-1938}}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shivashanmugam, J.}}
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1975 deaths]]
[[Category:Tamil Nadu politicians]]
[[Category:Mayors of Chennai]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]