Islam in India - Revision history

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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|India\|Islam}}~~
	{{div col\|colwidth=20em}}		{{div col\|colwidth=20em}}
	* [[Islamic art]]		* [[Islamic art]]

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	===Leadership and organisations===		===Leadership and organisations===
	~~[[File:Protest in U.P against Caricature of Prophet of Islam.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|[[All India Ulema and Mashaikh Board\|AIUMB~~
	~~]] protest against caricature of Muhammad in the city of [[Sambhal]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]].]]~~
	* The [[Ajmer Sharif Dargah]] and [[Dargah-e-Ala Hazrat]] at [[Bareilly]] Shareef are prime center of Sufi oriented Sunni Muslims of India.<ref>{{Cite news \|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/zG3aMfKAuC26PNQsW8ODZJ/The-sufi-solution.html \|title=The sufi solution \|work=[[Mint (newspaper)\|Mint]] \|first1=Mayank Austen \|last1=Soofi \|date=3 February 2012\|access-date=29 July 2017}}</ref>		* The [[Ajmer Sharif Dargah]] and [[Dargah-e-Ala Hazrat]] at [[Bareilly]] Shareef are prime center of Sufi oriented Sunni Muslims of India.<ref>{{Cite news \|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/zG3aMfKAuC26PNQsW8ODZJ/The-sufi-solution.html \|title=The sufi solution \|work=[[Mint (newspaper)\|Mint]] \|first1=Mayank Austen \|last1=Soofi \|date=3 February 2012\|access-date=29 July 2017}}</ref>
	* Indian [[Shia Islam\|Shia Muslims]] form a substantial minority within the Muslim community of India comprising between 25 and 31% of total Muslim population in an estimation done during mid-2005 to 2006 of the then Indian Muslim population of 157 million. Sources like [[The Times of India]] and [[Daily News and Analysis\|DNA]] reported Indian [[Shia Islam\|Shia]] population during that period between 40,000,000<ref name="TOI-20061106">{{cite news \|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-06/lucknow/27799200_1_model-nikahnama-new-nikahnama-shia-personal-law-board \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811081425/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-06/lucknow/27799200_1_model-nikahnama-new-nikahnama-shia-personal-law-board \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=11 August 2011 \|title=Shia women too can initiate divorce\|location=India \|date=6 November 2006 \|work=[[The Times of India]] \|access-date=21 June 2010}}</ref><ref name="TOI-20061106b" /> to 50,000,000<ref name="DNA-20061106" /> of 157,000,000 Indian Muslim population.		* Indian [[Shia Islam\|Shia Muslims]] form a substantial minority within the Muslim community of India comprising between 25 and 31% of total Muslim population in an estimation done during mid-2005 to 2006 of the then Indian Muslim population of 157 million. Sources like [[The Times of India]] and [[Daily News and Analysis\|DNA]] reported Indian [[Shia Islam\|Shia]] population during that period between 40,000,000<ref name="TOI-20061106">{{cite news \|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-06/lucknow/27799200_1_model-nikahnama-new-nikahnama-shia-personal-law-board \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811081425/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-06/lucknow/27799200_1_model-nikahnama-new-nikahnama-shia-personal-law-board \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=11 August 2011 \|title=Shia women too can initiate divorce\|location=India \|date=6 November 2006 \|work=[[The Times of India]] \|access-date=21 June 2010}}</ref><ref name="TOI-20061106b" /> to 50,000,000<ref name="DNA-20061106" /> of 157,000,000 Indian Muslim population.

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	As per as 2011 census of India, it was found that 172.2 million Muslims we're living in India as it's citizens, constituting 14.2% of the country's population.<ref>https://www.firstpost.com/india/bjp-leaders-cite-growing-muslim-population-as-threat-to-india-facts-dont-back-their-claims-4303403.html</ref> As per as recent estimation of year (2020) Indian religious demography by Pew research center, it has been found that 213.34 million Muslims are living in India constituting 15.4% of the country's population.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/india#/?affiliations_religion_id=16&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2020\|title = Religion in India \| Indian Religious Information \| PEW-GRF}}</ref> But however, at a same time, many individuals and experts have said that the Muslim population in India is more than the expected census results, leading to a heated debate and controversies as their claim of being that estimation as truth is still not known today.		As per as 2011 census of India, it was found that 172.2 million Muslims we're living in India as it's citizens, constituting 14.2% of the country's population.<ref>https://www.firstpost.com/india/bjp-leaders-cite-growing-muslim-population-as-threat-to-india-facts-dont-back-their-claims-4303403.html</ref> As per as recent estimation of year (2020) Indian religious demography by Pew research center, it has been found that 213.34 million Muslims are living in India constituting 15.4% of the country's population.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/india#/?affiliations_religion_id=16&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2020\|title = Religion in India \| Indian Religious Information \| PEW-GRF}}</ref> But however, at a same time, many individuals and experts have said that the Muslim population in India is more than the expected census results, leading to a heated debate and controversies as their claim of being that estimation as truth is still not known today.
	As per as [[Zakir Naik]], he claimed that India has over 250-300 million Muslims. He also told that the government of India suppress real Muslim population.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/08/22/indian-muslims-should-form-exclusive-party-consider-moving-to-kerala-zakir-naik.html\|title=Indian Muslims should form exclusive party, consider moving to Kerala: Zakir Naik}}</ref> As per as author Shakir Lakhani, there should be at least 90 million Indian Muslims who have not been registered by the Indian authorities during last census. He have also said that there should have been about 262 million Muslims in 2011 census, instead of 172.2 million as reported by census authority earlier.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/article/58687/fudging-the-population-the-missing-90-million-indian-muslims\|title = Fudging the population: The missing 90 million Indian Muslims\|date = 26 October 2017}}</ref> On 2021, Congress MLA from Bhopal Arif Masood have also said, that " The country’s population is over 130 crores and the Muslim population stands at around 25 crores.”<ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/population-control-madhya-pradesh-child-birth-1830422-2021-07-20</ref>		As per as [[Zakir Naik]], he claimed that India has over 250-300 million Muslims. He also told that the government of India suppress real Muslim population.<ref name="theweek.in">{{Cite web\|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/08/22/indian-muslims-should-form-exclusive-party-consider-moving-to-kerala-zakir-naik.html\|title=Indian Muslims should form exclusive party, consider moving to Kerala: Zakir Naik}}</ref> As per as author Shakir Lakhani, there should be at least 90 million Indian Muslims who have not been registered by the Indian authorities during last census. He have also said that there should have been about 262 million Muslims in 2011 census, instead of 172.2 million as reported by census authority earlier.<ref name="tribune.com.pk">{{Cite web\|url=https://tribune.com.pk/article/58687/fudging-the-population-the-missing-90-million-indian-muslims\|title = Fudging the population: The missing 90 million Indian Muslims\|date = 26 October 2017}}</ref> On 2021, Congress MLA from Bhopal Arif Masood have also said, that " The country’s population is over 130 crores and the Muslim population stands at around 25 crores.”<ref name="indiatoday.in">https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/population-control-madhya-pradesh-child-birth-1830422-2021-07-20</ref>

	'''Muslim Population controversy table'''		'''Muslim Population controversy table'''
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	\| 2014		\| 2014
	\|-		\|-
	\| Claimed by Indian author Shakir Lakhani<ref~~>{{Cite web\|url~~=~~https://~~tribune.com.pk/~~article/58687/fudging-the-population-the-missing-90-million-indian-muslims\|title = Fudging the population: The missing 90 million Indian Muslims\|date = 26 October 2017}}</ref~~>		\| Claimed by Indian author Shakir Lakhani<ref name="tribune.com.pk"/>
	\| 262,000,000		\| 262,000,000
	\| 2017		\| 2017
	\|-		\|-
	\| Claimed by [[Zakir Naik]]<ref~~>{{Cite web\|url~~=~~https://www.~~theweek.in/news/india/2020/08/22/indian-muslims-should-form-exclusive-party-consider-moving-to-kerala-zakir-naik.html\|title=Indian Muslims should form exclusive party, consider moving to Kerala: Zakir Naik}}</ref>		\| Claimed by [[Zakir Naik]]<ref name="theweek.in"/>
	\| 250,000,000-300,000,000		\| 250,000,000-300,000,000
	\| 2020		\| 2020
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	\| 2020		\| 2020
	\|-		\|-
	\| Claimed by Congress MLA [[Arif Masood]]<ref~~>https://www.~~indiatoday.in/~~india/story/population-control-madhya-pradesh-child-birth-1830422-2021-07-20</ref~~>		\| Claimed by Congress MLA [[Arif Masood]]<ref name="indiatoday.in"/>
	\| 250,000,000		\| 250,000,000
	\| 2021		\| 2021
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	\|publisher=Pharos Media & Publishing Pvt Ltd		\|publisher=Pharos Media & Publishing Pvt Ltd
	\|access-date=1 September 2004		\|access-date=1 September 2004
	}}</ref> Ashrafs claim to be derived from their foreign ancestry.<ref name="pratap_caste"/><ref name="zarina_social_strat" /> They, in turn, are divided into a number of occupational castes.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/inclusive-lessons/article20663394.ece\|title=Inclusive lessons}}</ref~~><ref name="zarina_social_strat" /~~>		}}</ref> Ashrafs claim to be derived from their foreign ancestry.<ref name="pratap_caste"/><ref name="zarina_social_strat" /> They, in turn, are divided into a number of occupational castes.<ref name="zarina_social_strat" /><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/inclusive-lessons/article20663394.ece\|title=Inclusive lessons}}</ref>

	Barrani was specific in his recommendation that the "sons of Mohamed" [i.e. Sayyid] be given a higher social status than the others.<ref name="Das">Das, Arbind, Arthashastra of Kautilya and Fatwa-i-Jahandari of Ziauddin Barrani: an analysis, Pratibha Publications, Delhi 1996, {{ISBN\|81-85268-45-2}} pp. 124–143</ref> His most significant contribution in the fatwa was his analysis of the castes with respect to Islam.<ref name="Das"/> His assertion was that castes would be mandated through state laws or "Zawabi" and would carry precedence over [[Sharia]] law whenever they were in conflict.<ref name="Das"/> Every act which is "contaminated with meanness and based on ignominity, comes elegantly [from the Ajlaf]".<ref name="Das"/> He sought appropriate religious sanction to that effect.<ref name="Sikand"/> Barrani also developed an elaborate system of promotion and demotion of imperial officers ("Wazirs") that was primarily on the basis of their caste.<ref name="Das"/>		Barrani was specific in his recommendation that the "sons of Mohamed" [i.e. Sayyid] be given a higher social status than the others.<ref name="Das">Das, Arbind, Arthashastra of Kautilya and Fatwa-i-Jahandari of Ziauddin Barrani: an analysis, Pratibha Publications, Delhi 1996, {{ISBN\|81-85268-45-2}} pp. 124–143</ref> His most significant contribution in the fatwa was his analysis of the castes with respect to Islam.<ref name="Das"/> His assertion was that castes would be mandated through state laws or "Zawabi" and would carry precedence over [[Sharia]] law whenever they were in conflict.<ref name="Das"/> Every act which is "contaminated with meanness and based on ignominity, comes elegantly [from the Ajlaf]".<ref name="Das"/> He sought appropriate religious sanction to that effect.<ref name="Sikand"/> Barrani also developed an elaborate system of promotion and demotion of imperial officers ("Wazirs") that was primarily on the basis of their caste.<ref name="Das"/>

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