Islam - Revision history

Channel500k at 14:27, 9 October 2026

2026-10-09T14:27:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:57, 9 October 2026
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	'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|{{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2.02 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].		'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|{{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2.02 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].
	[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]		[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]
	Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and ~~[[Jesus in Islam\|Jesus]]~~, and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].		Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and Isa, and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].

	The religion of Islam originated in Mecca c. 610 CE. Muslims believe this is when [[Muhammad's first revelation\|Muhammad received his first revelation]]. By the time of his death, most of the [[Arabian Peninsula]] had [[Conversion to Islam\|converted to Islam]]. Muslim rule expanded outside Arabia under the [[Rashidun Caliphate]]. The two main [[Islamic schools and branches\|Islamic branches]] are [[Sunni Islam]] (87–90%) and [[Shia Islam]] (10–13%).{{sfnp\|Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life\|2009\|p=1\|ps=. "Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims."}} While the [[Shia–Sunni divide]] initially arose from disagreements over the [[succession to Muhammad]], they grew to cover a broader dimension, both [[Schools of Islamic theology\|theologically]] and [[Fiqh\|juridically]]. The Sunni canonical hadith collection consists of [[Kutub al-Sittah\|the six books]], while the Shia canonical hadith collection consists of [[The Four Books\|the four books]]. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 53 countries.<ref name="pew2010–2020">{{cite web \|date=June 9, 2025 \|title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020. Muslims grew fastest; Christians lagged behind global population increase \|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ \|access-date=2025-06-28 \|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}		The religion of Islam originated in Mecca c. 610 CE. Muslims believe this is when [[Muhammad's first revelation\|Muhammad received his first revelation]]. By the time of his death, most of the [[Arabian Peninsula]] had [[Conversion to Islam\|converted to Islam]]. Muslim rule expanded outside Arabia under the [[Rashidun Caliphate]]. The two main [[Islamic schools and branches\|Islamic branches]] are [[Sunni Islam]] (87–90%) and [[Shia Islam]] (10–13%).{{sfnp\|Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life\|2009\|p=1\|ps=. "Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims."}} While the [[Shia–Sunni divide]] initially arose from disagreements over the [[succession to Muhammad]], they grew to cover a broader dimension, both [[Schools of Islamic theology\|theologically]] and [[Fiqh\|juridically]]. The Sunni canonical hadith collection consists of [[Kutub al-Sittah\|the six books]], while the Shia canonical hadith collection consists of [[The Four Books\|the four books]]. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 53 countries.<ref name="pew2010–2020">{{cite web \|date=June 9, 2025 \|title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020. Muslims grew fastest; Christians lagged behind global population increase \|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ \|access-date=2025-06-28 \|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}

Channel500k at 14:15, 9 October 2026

2026-10-09T14:15:16Z

Show changes

Adarshatva at 05:04, 8 July 2026

2026-07-08T05:04:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:34, 8 July 2026
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	{{Islam and iman}}		{{Islam and iman}}

	'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|~~{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|æ\|m}} {{respell\|IZ\|la(h)m}};<ref>{{cite Cambridge Dictionaries \|Islam}}</ref>~~ {{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].		'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|{{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].
	[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]		[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]
	Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and [[Jesus in Islam\|Jesus]], and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].		Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and [[Jesus in Islam\|Jesus]], and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].

Adarshatva: /* Footnotes */

2026-07-07T07:12:48Z

Footnotes

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:42, 7 July 2026
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	===Footnotes===		===Footnotes===
	{{notelist}}		{{notelist}}
			<references group="A"/>

	===Quran and hadith===		===Quran and hadith===

Adarshatva at 07:09, 7 July 2026

2026-07-07T07:09:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:39, 7 July 2026
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	{{Short description\|Abrahamic monotheistic religion}}		{{Short description\|Abrahamic monotheistic religion}}
	{{About\|the religion\|\|Islam (disambiguation)}}		{{About\|the religion\|\|Islam (disambiguation)}}
	~~{{good article}}~~
	~~{{pp-semi-indef}}~~
	~~{{pp-move}}~~
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}
	{{Use Oxford spelling\|date=May 2022}}		{{Use Oxford spelling\|date=May 2022}}
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	* [[West Asia]]		* [[West Asia]]
	* [[Central Asia]]		* [[Central Asia]]
	* [[~~South Asia~~]]		* [[Indian subcontinent]]
	* [[Southeast Asia]]		* [[Southeast Asia]]
	* [[North Africa]]		* [[North Africa]]
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	{{Islam and iman}}		{{Islam and iman}}

	'''Islam'''{{~~efn~~\|{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|æ\|m}} {{respell\|IZ\|la(h)m}};<ref>{{cite Cambridge Dictionaries \|Islam}}</ref> {{~~langx\|~~ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].		'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|æ\|m}} {{respell\|IZ\|la(h)m}};<ref>{{cite Cambridge Dictionaries \|Islam}}</ref> {{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].
	[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]		[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]
	Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and [[Jesus in Islam\|Jesus]], and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].		Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and [[Jesus in Islam\|Jesus]], and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].

Adarshatva: /* Etymology */

2026-07-07T07:03:14Z

Etymology

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:33, 7 July 2026
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	== Etymology{{anchor\|Etymology}}<!-- Linked from many articles. If changing the section title, please let this anchor remain unchanged --> ==		== Etymology{{anchor\|Etymology}}<!-- Linked from many articles. If changing the section title, please let this anchor remain unchanged --> ==
	{{See also\|Muslims#Etymology}}		{{See also\|Muslims#Etymology}}
	In Arabic, ''Islam'' ({{~~langx\|~~ar\|إسلام\|lit=submission [to God]}})<ref name="Schimmel" /><ref>{{cite web \|title=Definition of Islam {{!}} Dictionary.com \|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|access-date=2022-05-09 \|website=www.dictionary.com \|language=en \|archive-date=9 May 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509110220/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Haywood \|first=John \|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492) \|publisher=Barnes & Noble, Inc. \|year=2002 \|isbn=0-7607-1975-6 \|edition=1st \|location=Spain \|pages=3.13 \|language=en}}</ref> is the verbal noun of [[wikt:أسلم#Arabic\|Form IV]] originating from the verb {{lang\|ar\|سلم}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|salama}}), from the [[Semitic root\|triliteral root]] {{lang\|ar\|س-ل-م}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|[[Š-L-M\|S-L-M]]}}), which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of submission, safeness, and peace.<ref name="Lane-Lexicon-4">{{cite book \|last=Lane \|first=Edward William \|author-link=Edward William Lane \|title=An Arabic-English Lexicon \|volume=4 \|chapter=Siin \|url=http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-date=2011-09-07 \|via=[[The Study Quran\|StudyQuran]] \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en}}</ref> In a religious context, it refers to the total surrender to the will of [[God]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last1=Lewis \|first1=Barnard \|last2=Churchill \|first2=Buntzie Ellis \|url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi \|title=Islam: The Religion and The People \|publisher=Wharton School Publishing \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0-13-223085-8 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]}}</ref> A ''[[Muslims\|Muslim]]'' ({{lang\|ar\|مُسْلِم}}), the word for a follower of Islam,<ref name="Lexico-Muslim">{{cite dictionary \|title=Muslim \|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-date=2019-09-13 \|dictionary=[[Lexico]] \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] \|date=2020 \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en-GB}}</ref> is the [[Participle\|active participle]] of the same verb form, and means "submitter (to God)" or "one who surrenders (to God)". However, [[Quranic studies]] scholar [[Mohsen Goudarzi]] has argued that in the Quran the word ''[[dīn]]'' means "[[worship]]", the ''islām'' means "[[monotheism]]" and the ''muslim'' means "monotheist".<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Goudarzi \|first=Mohsen \|date=2023-08-01 \|title=Worship (dīn), Monotheism (islām), and the Qurʾān's Cultic Decalogue \|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006/html \|journal=Journal of the International Qur'anic Studies Association \|language=en \|volume=8 \|issue=1 \|pages=30–71 \|doi=10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006 \|issn=2474-8420\|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In the [[Hadith of Gabriel]], ''Islam'' is presented as one part of a triad that also includes {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Iman (Islam)\|imān]]}} (faith), and {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Ihsan\|ihsān]]}} (excellence).{{sfnp\|Esposito\|2000\|pp=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john/page/76 76–77]}}<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mahmutćehajić \|first=Rusmir \|url=https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm \|title=The mosque: the heart of submission \|publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] \|year=2006 \|isbn=978-0-8232-2584-2 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm/page/n104 84] \|url-access=registration}}</ref>		In Arabic, ''Islam'' ({{lang-ar\|إسلام\|lit=submission [to God]}})<ref name="Schimmel" /><ref>{{cite web \|title=Definition of Islam {{!}} Dictionary.com \|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|access-date=2022-05-09 \|website=www.dictionary.com \|language=en \|archive-date=9 May 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509110220/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Haywood \|first=John \|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492) \|publisher=Barnes & Noble, Inc. \|year=2002 \|isbn=0-7607-1975-6 \|edition=1st \|location=Spain \|pages=3.13 \|language=en}}</ref> is the verbal noun of [[wikt:أسلم#Arabic\|Form IV]] originating from the verb {{lang\|ar\|سلم}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|salama}}), from the [[Semitic root\|triliteral root]] {{lang\|ar\|س-ل-م}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|[[Š-L-M\|S-L-M]]}}), which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of submission, safeness, and peace.<ref name="Lane-Lexicon-4">{{cite book \|last=Lane \|first=Edward William \|author-link=Edward William Lane \|title=An Arabic-English Lexicon \|volume=4 \|chapter=Siin \|url=http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-date=2011-09-07 \|via=[[The Study Quran\|StudyQuran]] \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en}}</ref> In a religious context, it refers to the total surrender to the will of [[God]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last1=Lewis \|first1=Barnard \|last2=Churchill \|first2=Buntzie Ellis \|url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi \|title=Islam: The Religion and The People \|publisher=Wharton School Publishing \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0-13-223085-8 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]}}</ref> A ''[[Muslims\|Muslim]]'' ({{lang\|ar\|مُسْلِم}}), the word for a follower of Islam,<ref name="Lexico-Muslim">{{cite dictionary \|title=Muslim \|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-date=2019-09-13 \|dictionary=[[Lexico]] \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] \|date=2020 \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en-GB}}</ref> is the [[Participle\|active participle]] of the same verb form, and means "submitter (to God)" or "one who surrenders (to God)". However, [[Quranic studies]] scholar [[Mohsen Goudarzi]] has argued that in the Quran the word ''[[dīn]]'' means "[[worship]]", the ''islām'' means "[[monotheism]]" and the ''muslim'' means "monotheist".<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Goudarzi \|first=Mohsen \|date=2023-08-01 \|title=Worship (dīn), Monotheism (islām), and the Qurʾān's Cultic Decalogue \|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006/html \|journal=Journal of the International Qur'anic Studies Association \|language=en \|volume=8 \|issue=1 \|pages=30–71 \|doi=10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006 \|issn=2474-8420\|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In the [[Hadith of Gabriel]], ''Islam'' is presented as one part of a triad that also includes {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Iman (Islam)\|imān]]}} (faith), and {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Ihsan\|ihsān]]}} (excellence).{{sfnp\|Esposito\|2000\|pp=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john/page/76 76–77]}}<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mahmutćehajić \|first=Rusmir \|url=https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm \|title=The mosque: the heart of submission \|publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] \|year=2006 \|isbn=978-0-8232-2584-2 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm/page/n104 84] \|url-access=registration}}</ref>

	Islam itself was historically called [[Mohammedan\|''Mohammedanism'']] in the [[English-speaking world]]. This term has fallen out of use and is sometimes said to be [[Religious offence\|offensive]], as it suggests that a human being, rather than God, is central to Muslims' religion.<ref>{{Cite book\| publisher = Oxford University Press\| last = Gibb\| first = Sir Hamilton\| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey\|isbn=9780195002454\| year = 1969\| page=1 \| quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref>		Islam itself was historically called [[Mohammedan\|''Mohammedanism'']] in the [[English-speaking world]]. This term has fallen out of use and is sometimes said to be [[Religious offence\|offensive]], as it suggests that a human being, rather than God, is central to Muslims' religion.<ref>{{Cite book\| publisher = Oxford University Press\| last = Gibb\| first = Sir Hamilton\| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey\|isbn=9780195002454\| year = 1969\| page=1 \| quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref>

70.189.43.18 at 01:24, 2 May 2026

2026-05-02T01:24:47Z

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Loz12 at 03:03, 18 March 2026

2026-03-18T03:03:19Z

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WikiDwarf: Reverted edits by 2401:4900:546A:F170:839:25FF:FECE:D84C (talk) to last revision by Mahmoud

2023-09-24T13:24:18Z

Reverted edits by 2401:4900:546A:F170:839:25FF:FECE:D84C (talk) to last revision by Mahmoud

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:54, 24 September 2023
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	{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]		{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]
	'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>		'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]'''. A non-Muslim is called a '''[[Kafir]]''' in '''Islam'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>

	Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”		Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”

2401:4900:546A:F170:839:25FF:FECE:D84C: Such a minute info in lead! Sus

2023-09-24T13:21:34Z

Such a minute info in lead! Sus

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, 24 September 2023
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	{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]		{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]
	'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]~~'''. A non-Muslim is called a '''[[Kafir]]''' in '''Islam~~'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>		'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>

	Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”		Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:57, 9 October 2026
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	'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|{{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2.02 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].		'''Islam'''{{refn\|group=A\|name=arabic\|{{lang-ar\|{{Script\|Arab\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA\|ar\|alʔisˈlaːm\|IPA}}, {{lit\|submission [to the [[will of God]]]}}}} is an [[Abrahamic religions\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] religion based on the [[Quran]] and the [[Sunnah\|teachings]] of [[Muhammad]]. The religion's adherents, called [[Muslims]], are estimated to number [[Islam by country\|2.02 billion worldwide]] and are the world's [[Major religious groups\|second-largest religious population]] after [[Christianity\|Christians]].
	[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]		[[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|[[Surah]] [[Al-Fatiha\|al Fatiha (''The Opener'')]], from the [[Quran]].]]
	Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and ~~[[Jesus in Islam\|Jesus]]~~, and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].		Muslims believe that there is a [[Fitra\|primordial faith]] that was revealed many times through earlier [[Prophets and messengers in Islam\|prophets and messengers]], including [[Adam in Islam\|Adam]], [[Noah in Islam\|Noah]], [[Abraham in Islam\|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam\|Moses]], and Isa, and they believe that Islam is the universal and complete version of this faith. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of [[God in Islam\|God]] and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous [[Islamic holy books\|revelation]]s, such as the [[Torah in Islam\|''Tawrat'']] ([[Torah]]), the ''[[Zabur]]'' ([[Psalms]]), and the [[Gospel in Islam\|''Injil'']] ([[Gospel]]). They believe that [[Muhammad in Islam\|Muhammad]] is the main and [[Last prophet\|final]] of [[Seal of the Prophets\|God's prophets]], through whom the religion was completed, and after whom no new prophet or divine law will come. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the [[Sunnah]], documented in accounts called [[hadith]], provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam is based on the belief in the oneness and uniqueness of God ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[tawhid]]}}), and belief in an afterlife ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[akhirah]]}}) with the [[Judgement Day in Islam\|Last Judgment]]—wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jannah]]}}) and the unrighteous will be punished in hell ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[jahannam]]}}). The [[Five Pillars of Islam\|Five Pillars]], considered [[Fard\|obligatory]] acts of worship, are the Islamic oath and creed ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[shahada]]}}), daily prayers ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[salah]]}}), almsgiving ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[zakat]]}}), fasting ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sawm]]}}) in the month of [[Ramadan]], and a [[pilgrimage]] ({{Transliteration\|ar\|[[hajj]]}}) to [[Mecca]]. Islamic law, {{Transliteration\|ar\|[[sharia]]}}, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from [[Islamic banking and finance\|banking and finance]] and [[Zakat\|welfare]] to [[Gender roles in Islam\|men's roles]] and [[Women in Islam\|women's roles]] and the [[Islamic ethics#Environmentalism\|environment]]. The two main [[Islamic holidays\|religious festivals]] are [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Eid al-Adha]]. The three [[holiest sites in Islam]] are [[Masjid al-Haram]] in Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]], and [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] in [[Jerusalem]].

	The religion of Islam originated in Mecca c. 610 CE. Muslims believe this is when [[Muhammad's first revelation\|Muhammad received his first revelation]]. By the time of his death, most of the [[Arabian Peninsula]] had [[Conversion to Islam\|converted to Islam]]. Muslim rule expanded outside Arabia under the [[Rashidun Caliphate]]. The two main [[Islamic schools and branches\|Islamic branches]] are [[Sunni Islam]] (87–90%) and [[Shia Islam]] (10–13%).{{sfnp\|Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life\|2009\|p=1\|ps=. "Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims."}} While the [[Shia–Sunni divide]] initially arose from disagreements over the [[succession to Muhammad]], they grew to cover a broader dimension, both [[Schools of Islamic theology\|theologically]] and [[Fiqh\|juridically]]. The Sunni canonical hadith collection consists of [[Kutub al-Sittah\|the six books]], while the Shia canonical hadith collection consists of [[The Four Books\|the four books]]. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 53 countries.<ref name="pew2010–2020">{{cite web \|date=June 9, 2025 \|title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020. Muslims grew fastest; Christians lagged behind global population increase \|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ \|access-date=2025-06-28 \|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}		The religion of Islam originated in Mecca c. 610 CE. Muslims believe this is when [[Muhammad's first revelation\|Muhammad received his first revelation]]. By the time of his death, most of the [[Arabian Peninsula]] had [[Conversion to Islam\|converted to Islam]]. Muslim rule expanded outside Arabia under the [[Rashidun Caliphate]]. The two main [[Islamic schools and branches\|Islamic branches]] are [[Sunni Islam]] (87–90%) and [[Shia Islam]] (10–13%).{{sfnp\|Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life\|2009\|p=1\|ps=. "Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims."}} While the [[Shia–Sunni divide]] initially arose from disagreements over the [[succession to Muhammad]], they grew to cover a broader dimension, both [[Schools of Islamic theology\|theologically]] and [[Fiqh\|juridically]]. The Sunni canonical hadith collection consists of [[Kutub al-Sittah\|the six books]], while the Shia canonical hadith collection consists of [[The Four Books\|the four books]]. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 53 countries.<ref name="pew2010–2020">{{cite web \|date=June 9, 2025 \|title=How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020. Muslims grew fastest; Christians lagged behind global population increase \|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/how-the-global-religious-landscape-changed-from-2010-to-2020/ \|access-date=2025-06-28 \|publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}

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	== Etymology{{anchor\|Etymology}}<!-- Linked from many articles. If changing the section title, please let this anchor remain unchanged --> ==		== Etymology{{anchor\|Etymology}}<!-- Linked from many articles. If changing the section title, please let this anchor remain unchanged --> ==
	{{See also\|Muslims#Etymology}}		{{See also\|Muslims#Etymology}}
	In Arabic, ''Islam'' ({{~~langx\|~~ar\|إسلام\|lit=submission [to God]}})<ref name="Schimmel" /><ref>{{cite web \|title=Definition of Islam {{!}} Dictionary.com \|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|access-date=2022-05-09 \|website=www.dictionary.com \|language=en \|archive-date=9 May 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509110220/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Haywood \|first=John \|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492) \|publisher=Barnes & Noble, Inc. \|year=2002 \|isbn=0-7607-1975-6 \|edition=1st \|location=Spain \|pages=3.13 \|language=en}}</ref> is the verbal noun of [[wikt:أسلم#Arabic\|Form IV]] originating from the verb {{lang\|ar\|سلم}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|salama}}), from the [[Semitic root\|triliteral root]] {{lang\|ar\|س-ل-م}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|[[Š-L-M\|S-L-M]]}}), which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of submission, safeness, and peace.<ref name="Lane-Lexicon-4">{{cite book \|last=Lane \|first=Edward William \|author-link=Edward William Lane \|title=An Arabic-English Lexicon \|volume=4 \|chapter=Siin \|url=http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-date=2011-09-07 \|via=[[The Study Quran\|StudyQuran]] \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en}}</ref> In a religious context, it refers to the total surrender to the will of [[God]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last1=Lewis \|first1=Barnard \|last2=Churchill \|first2=Buntzie Ellis \|url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi \|title=Islam: The Religion and The People \|publisher=Wharton School Publishing \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0-13-223085-8 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]}}</ref> A ''[[Muslims\|Muslim]]'' ({{lang\|ar\|مُسْلِم}}), the word for a follower of Islam,<ref name="Lexico-Muslim">{{cite dictionary \|title=Muslim \|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-date=2019-09-13 \|dictionary=[[Lexico]] \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] \|date=2020 \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en-GB}}</ref> is the [[Participle\|active participle]] of the same verb form, and means "submitter (to God)" or "one who surrenders (to God)". However, [[Quranic studies]] scholar [[Mohsen Goudarzi]] has argued that in the Quran the word ''[[dīn]]'' means "[[worship]]", the ''islām'' means "[[monotheism]]" and the ''muslim'' means "monotheist".<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Goudarzi \|first=Mohsen \|date=2023-08-01 \|title=Worship (dīn), Monotheism (islām), and the Qurʾān's Cultic Decalogue \|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006/html \|journal=Journal of the International Qur'anic Studies Association \|language=en \|volume=8 \|issue=1 \|pages=30–71 \|doi=10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006 \|issn=2474-8420\|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In the [[Hadith of Gabriel]], ''Islam'' is presented as one part of a triad that also includes {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Iman (Islam)\|imān]]}} (faith), and {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Ihsan\|ihsān]]}} (excellence).{{sfnp\|Esposito\|2000\|pp=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john/page/76 76–77]}}<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mahmutćehajić \|first=Rusmir \|url=https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm \|title=The mosque: the heart of submission \|publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] \|year=2006 \|isbn=978-0-8232-2584-2 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm/page/n104 84] \|url-access=registration}}</ref>		In Arabic, ''Islam'' ({{lang-ar\|إسلام\|lit=submission [to God]}})<ref name="Schimmel" /><ref>{{cite web \|title=Definition of Islam {{!}} Dictionary.com \|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|access-date=2022-05-09 \|website=www.dictionary.com \|language=en \|archive-date=9 May 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509110220/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Haywood \|first=John \|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492) \|publisher=Barnes & Noble, Inc. \|year=2002 \|isbn=0-7607-1975-6 \|edition=1st \|location=Spain \|pages=3.13 \|language=en}}</ref> is the verbal noun of [[wikt:أسلم#Arabic\|Form IV]] originating from the verb {{lang\|ar\|سلم}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|salama}}), from the [[Semitic root\|triliteral root]] {{lang\|ar\|س-ل-م}} ({{transliteration\|ar\|[[Š-L-M\|S-L-M]]}}), which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of submission, safeness, and peace.<ref name="Lane-Lexicon-4">{{cite book \|last=Lane \|first=Edward William \|author-link=Edward William Lane \|title=An Arabic-English Lexicon \|volume=4 \|chapter=Siin \|url=http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm \|archive-date=2011-09-07 \|via=[[The Study Quran\|StudyQuran]] \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en}}</ref> In a religious context, it refers to the total surrender to the will of [[God]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last1=Lewis \|first1=Barnard \|last2=Churchill \|first2=Buntzie Ellis \|url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi \|title=Islam: The Religion and The People \|publisher=Wharton School Publishing \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0-13-223085-8 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]}}</ref> A ''[[Muslims\|Muslim]]'' ({{lang\|ar\|مُسْلِم}}), the word for a follower of Islam,<ref name="Lexico-Muslim">{{cite dictionary \|title=Muslim \|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim \|archive-date=2019-09-13 \|dictionary=[[Lexico]] \|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] \|date=2020 \|access-date=2026-03-20 \|language=en-GB}}</ref> is the [[Participle\|active participle]] of the same verb form, and means "submitter (to God)" or "one who surrenders (to God)". However, [[Quranic studies]] scholar [[Mohsen Goudarzi]] has argued that in the Quran the word ''[[dīn]]'' means "[[worship]]", the ''islām'' means "[[monotheism]]" and the ''muslim'' means "monotheist".<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Goudarzi \|first=Mohsen \|date=2023-08-01 \|title=Worship (dīn), Monotheism (islām), and the Qurʾān's Cultic Decalogue \|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006/html \|journal=Journal of the International Qur'anic Studies Association \|language=en \|volume=8 \|issue=1 \|pages=30–71 \|doi=10.1515/jiqsa-2023-0006 \|issn=2474-8420\|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In the [[Hadith of Gabriel]], ''Islam'' is presented as one part of a triad that also includes {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Iman (Islam)\|imān]]}} (faith), and {{transliteration\|ar\|[[Ihsan\|ihsān]]}} (excellence).{{sfnp\|Esposito\|2000\|pp=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john/page/76 76–77]}}<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mahmutćehajić \|first=Rusmir \|url=https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm \|title=The mosque: the heart of submission \|publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] \|year=2006 \|isbn=978-0-8232-2584-2 \|page=[https://archive.org/details/mosqueheartsubmi00mahm/page/n104 84] \|url-access=registration}}</ref>

	Islam itself was historically called [[Mohammedan\|''Mohammedanism'']] in the [[English-speaking world]]. This term has fallen out of use and is sometimes said to be [[Religious offence\|offensive]], as it suggests that a human being, rather than God, is central to Muslims' religion.<ref>{{Cite book\| publisher = Oxford University Press\| last = Gibb\| first = Sir Hamilton\| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey\|isbn=9780195002454\| year = 1969\| page=1 \| quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref>		Islam itself was historically called [[Mohammedan\|''Mohammedanism'']] in the [[English-speaking world]]. This term has fallen out of use and is sometimes said to be [[Religious offence\|offensive]], as it suggests that a human being, rather than God, is central to Muslims' religion.<ref>{{Cite book\| publisher = Oxford University Press\| last = Gibb\| first = Sir Hamilton\| title = Mohammedanism: an historical survey\|isbn=9780195002454\| year = 1969\| page=1 \| quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref>

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	{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]		{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]
	'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>		'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]'''. A non-Muslim is called a '''[[Kafir]]''' in '''Islam'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>

	Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”		Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”

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	{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]		{{Islam}} [[File:Star and Crescent.svg\|thumb\|100px\|Star and Crescent, the symbol of Islam]]
	'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]~~'''. A non-Muslim is called a '''[[Kafir]]''' in '''Islam~~'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>		'''Islam''' ({{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}};<ref group="note">There are ten pronunciations of ''Islam'' in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the ''s'' is {{IPAc-en\|z}} or {{IPAc-en\|s}}, and whether the ''a'' is pronounced {{IPAc-en\|ɑː}}, {{IPAc-en\|æ}} or (when the stress is on the first syllable) {{IPAc-en\|ə}} (Merriam Webster). The most common are {{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|z\|ˈ\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ɪ\|s\|'\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ə\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ə\|m}} (Oxford English Dictionary, Random House) and {{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|z\|l\|ɑː\|m\|,_\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|l\|ɑː\|m}} (American Heritage Dictionary).</ref> {{lang-ar\|الإسلام\|al-Islām}}, {{IPA-ar\|alʔɪsˈlaːm\|\|ar-al_islam.ogg}}) is an [[Abrahamic religion\|Abrahamic]] [[Monotheism\|monotheistic]] [[religion]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam\|title=Islam {{!}} religion\|work=Encyclopedia Britannica\|accessdate=2018-10-04\|language=en}}</ref> All of its teachings and beliefs are written out in the [[Quran]] (also spelled Qur'an or Koran), the holy scripture of Islam. Believers of Islam are called '''[[Muslims]]'''. Islam means submission to the '''will of [[God in Islam\|God]].''' They believe that the Quran was spoken to [[Muhammad\|Muhammad]] by the angel [[Gabriel]]. The Quran is regarded as the word of [[God]] (or [[Allah]]). The muslims view [[Muhammad]] as a [[prophet]] and [[messenger]] of God. Other beliefs and rules about what Muslims should do come from [[Hadith\|reports of what Muhammad taught]] '''([[Hadith]])'''.<ref>Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. A textbook of Hadith studies: authenticity, compilation, classification and criticism of Hadith. Kube Publishing Ltd, 2014.</ref>

	Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”		Linguistically, Islam is defined as surrender to the command of [[God in Islam\|God as per Islam]], without objection, without submission, rebellion, and stubbornness. As for its idiomatic meaning, it is the religion that was brought by “Muhammad bin Abdullah,” sent by Almighty God, and which Muslims believe is the law with which God sealed the heavenly messages. In a hadith on the authority of Abu Hurairah that the Prophet Muhammad defined Islam: “By worshiping God and not associating anything with Him, performing the prayer, paying the obligatory zakat, fasting Ramadan and performing the pilgrimage to Mecca in Saudi Arabia.”