MalissaHoskins: expanded content

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WikiDwarf: /* United Kingdom */clean up

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United Kingdom: clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:34, 24 February 2021
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	== Bannings ==		== Bannings ==
	===United Kingdom===		===United Kingdom===
	In February 2001, the United Kingdom banned twenty-one groups, including the ISYF, under the [[Terrorism Act 2000]].<ref name=Guardian>{{cite news \| url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4144220,00.html \| work = Guardian Unlimited \| title = ISYF banned under new terror law \| date = 2001-03-01 \| first = Richard \| last = Norton-Taylor \| access-date = 2008-12-17 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050428142052/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4144220,00.html \| archive-date = 2005-04-28 \| url-status = live }}</ref><ref name = Diasporas1089>{{cite book \| page = 1089 \| title = Encyclopedia of diasporas: immigrant and refugee cultures around the world \| author1 = Carol R Ember \| author2 = Melvin Ember \| author3 = Ian A. Skoggard \| publisher = Springer \| year = 2004 \| isbn = 978-0-306-48321-9 \| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7QEjPVyd9YMC }}</ref> The		In February 2001, the United Kingdom banned twenty-one groups, including the ISYF, under the [[Terrorism Act 2000]].<ref name = Diasporas1089>{{cite book \| page = 1089 \| title = Encyclopedia of diasporas: immigrant and refugee cultures around the world \| author1 = Carol R Ember \| author2 = Melvin Ember \| author3 = Ian A. Skoggard \| publisher = Springer \| year = 2004 \| isbn = 978-0-306-48321-9 \| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7QEjPVyd9YMC }}</ref><ref name=Guardian>{{cite news \| url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4144220,00.html \| work = Guardian Unlimited \| title = ISYF banned under new terror law \| date = 2001-03-01 \| first = Richard \| last = Norton-Taylor \| access-date = 2008-12-17 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050428142052/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4144220,00.html \| archive-date = 2005-04-28 \| url-status = live }}</ref> The
	ISYF was removed from the list of proscribed groups in March 2016 "following receipt of an application to deproscribe the organisation".<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/612076/20170503_Proscription.pdf\|title=PROSCRIBED TERRORIST ORGANISATIONS\|date=n.d.\|publisher=[[Home Office]]\|accessdate=2017-06-24\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614124613/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/612076/20170503_Proscription.pdf\|archive-date=2017-06-14\|url-status=live}}</ref>		ISYF was removed from the list of proscribed groups in March 2016 "following receipt of an application to deproscribe the organisation".<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/612076/20170503_Proscription.pdf\|title=PROSCRIBED TERRORIST ORGANISATIONS\|date=n.d.\|publisher=[[Home Office]]\|accessdate=2017-06-24\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614124613/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/612076/20170503_Proscription.pdf\|archive-date=2017-06-14\|url-status=live}}</ref>

BellaCH: Created page with "{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} {{Infobox militant organization | name = International Sikh Youth Federation | founded = 1984 | leader = ..."

2020-12-13T18:36:00Z

Created page with "{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} {{Infobox militant organization | name = International Sikh Youth Federation | founded = 1984 | leader = ..."

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox militant organization
| name = International Sikh Youth Federation
| founded = 1984
| leader = [[Lakhbir Singh Rode]]
| allies =
| status = Active
| motives = The creation of a [[Sikh]] [[independent state]] of [[Khalistan]]
| dates = 1987 – present
| area = [[India]]
| country = India
| headquarters =
| ideology = Sikh Fundamentalism
| position =
| crimes = Assassinations, bombings and abductions
| attacks =
| size =
| financing = [[Sikh diaspora]]
| flag =
| designated_as_terror_group_by = [[Canada]], [[European Union]], [[India]], [[Japan]], [[United States]]
}}

The '''International Sikh Youth Federation''' ('''ISYF''') is a proscribed organisation that aims to establish an independent homeland for the [[Sikh]]s of India in [[Khalistan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF)|publisher=Institute for Conflict Management|url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/ISYF.htm|accessdate=18 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924094703/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/ISYF.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It is banned as a terrorist organisation under [[Australia]]n, [[European Union]],<ref name="EmberEncyclo">{{cite book |last1=Ember |first1=Melvin, Carol R. Ember, Ian Skoggard |title=Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World |date=2004 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9780306483219 |page=1081 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7QEjPVyd9YMC&q=ISYF&pg=PA1081 |accessdate=26 July 2018}}</ref> [[Japan]]ese,<ref name="Japan_ban">{{Cite web |url=http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2002/7/0705.html |title=MOFA: Implementation of the Measures including the Freezing of Assets against Terrorists and the Like |access-date=2013-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406134416/http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2002/7/0705.html |archive-date=2013-04-06 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[India]]n,<ref name=IndiaTerrorList /> [[Canada|Canadian]]<ref name = Canada/> and [[United States of America|American]]<ref name="ustreasterror">{{cite web|url=http://www.treasury.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/programs/terror/terror.pdf|title=What You Need To Know About U.S. Sanctions|publisher=U.S. Department of Treasury|accessdate=2009-05-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910021822/http://www.treasury.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/programs/terror/terror.pdf|archive-date=2008-09-10|url-status=live}}</ref> [[counter-terrorism]] legislation.<ref name = USterrorlist/> The [[Government of India]] has declared it a terrorist organisation.<ref name="MHA_BanList"/> While banned, the organization continues to receive financial support from Sikh extremists based in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom.<ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/canada-lists-babbar-khalsa-sikh-youth-federation-terror-outfits-1408833-2018-12-13</ref>

== History and activities ==
In 1984, the [[All India Sikh Students Federation]] (AISSF) started the ISYF in the United Kingdom as an international branch.<ref name = Canada/><ref name = TerrorThreat/>

The 1985 bombing of [[Air India Flight 182]] off [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], the deadliest aircraft terror attack until the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], and the attempted bombing of [[Air India Flight 301]], were allegedly carried out by Sikh extremists.
[[Inderjit Singh Reyat]], a member of the ISYF, was found guilty of manslaughter for making the bombs and had to spend more than 20 years in prison at Canada, and is the only individual convicted in these attacks as of 9 Feb 2009.<ref name="ISYFlink">{{cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/mayor/kens-adviser-is-linked-to-terror-group-6640438.html|title=Ken's adviser is linked to terror group|last=Gilligan|first=Andrew|date=2008-04-21|publisher=The London Evening Standard|accessdate=2009-05-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612112108/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-mayor/article-23479477-details/Ken's+adviser+is+linked+to+terror+group/article.do|archive-date=2009-06-12|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=9bfcf081-3b29-45ea-8bb3-ad82c051bcbb|title=Air India bombmaker sent to holding centre|last=Bolan|first=Kim|date=February 9, 2008|publisher=Ottawa Citizen|accessdate=2009-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109171020/http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=9bfcf081-3b29-45ea-8bb3-ad82c051bcbb|archive-date=November 9, 2012|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/convicted-air-india-bomb-builder-inderjit-singh-reyat-gets-bail-1.732447|title=Convicted Air India bomb-builder Inderjit Singh Reyat gets bail|date=July 9, 2008|publisher=CBC News|accessdate=2009-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080710234916/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/british-columbia/story/2008/07/09/bc-air-india-reyat-bail.html|archive-date=July 10, 2008|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

ISYF members have engaged in terrorist attacks, assassinations, and bombings against both Indian figures and moderate Sikhs opposing them.<ref name = TerrorThreat/> The organisation has also collaborated and associated with other Sikh terrorist organisations, including [[Babbar Khalsa]],<ref name = Canada/> the [[Khalistan Liberation Force]],<ref name = TerrorThreat/> and [[Khalistan Commando Force]].<ref name = TerrorThreat/>

[[Steve Bassam, Baron Bassam of Brighton|Lord Bassam of Brighton]], then [[Home Office]] minister, stated that ISYF members working from the UK had committed "assassinations, bombings and kidnappings" and were a "threat to national security."<ref name="ISYFlink" /> In 2001 it was proscribed as a terrorist organisation by the British government for its attacks.<ref name=Hansard2016>{{Cite web|url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/2016-03-17/debates/7F78B639-B4B5-492C-9FA2-3ED971D9B954/TerrorismAct2000(ProscribedOrganisations)(Amendment)Order2016|title=Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2016 - Hansard|website=hansard.parliament.uk|access-date=29 July 2019}}</ref>

== Leadership ==
Jasbir Singh Rode was the nephew of [[Bhindranwale]] and member of fundamentalist Sikh organisation [[Damdami Taksal]]. After [[Operation Bluestar]] while in Pakistan Rode used the Sikh shrines at Pakistan to make anti-India speeches and provoked the audience to attack the Indian diplomats who were present.<ref name="IT_RODE_Jasbir">{{cite news |title=There will be no sell-out of the Sikh community: Jasbir Singh Rode |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/special-report/story/19880331-there-will-be-no-sell-out-of-the-sikh-community-jasbir-singh-rode-797086-1988-03-31 |accessdate=26 July 2018 |publisher=India Today |date=31 March 1988}}</ref> Rode then arrived in the United Kingdom in August 1984.

On 23 September 1984, at a meeting in Walsall, The formation of International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF) was announced by Harpal Singh and Jasbir Singh Rode.<ref name="Tatla_Diaspora">{{cite book |last1=Tatla |first1=Darsham Singh |title=The Sikh Diaspora: The Search For Statehood |date=2005 |publisher=Routledge |location=141 |isbn=9781135367442 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Amq_oOeDZNUC&q=pargat+singh+isyf&pg=PA141 |accessdate=26 July 2018}}</ref> The group had a 51-member panel headed by Pargat Singh.<ref name = Diasporas1089/> But, by December 1984, Rode was expelled from the UK for publicly advocating violent methods in support of the [[Khalistan movement]].<ref name = Reports>{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FEzBqJIF440C&pg=PA395 | page = 395 | title = International Law Reports | author1 = Lauterpacht, Elihu | author2 = Greenwood, C. J. | author3 = Oppenheimer, A. G. | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1998 | isbn = 978-0-521-58070-0 }}</ref>

Rode Then flew around seeking asylum, and was arrested in [[Manila]] by the Indian authorities in a chase across [[Thailand]] and [[Philippines]]. He was imprisoned for two years in India.<ref name="IT_RODE_Jasbir"/> Upon his release, he moderated, now advocating pursuing constitutional changes within Indian framework.<ref name = Reports/> This mode disappointed many of his followers and created a rift in the UK branches roughly along north/south lines: the northern branches known as ISYF (Rode) followed Rode's moderate stance while the southern branches instead followed Dr. Sohan Singh.<ref name = Reports/>

The current leader of ISYF, [[Lakhbir Singh Rode]], is sought for trial in India. He is wanted in cases of arms smuggling, conspiracy to attack government leaders in New Delhi and spreading religious hatred in Punjab. Per Indian sources, he is currently living in Lahore, Pakistan.
<ref name="Express_US to freeze assets of Babbar Khalsa2002">{{cite web |agency=Reuters |url=http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=12067 |title=US to freeze assets of Babbar Khalsa, Intl Sikh Youth Federation Anita Inder Singh Jun 28, 2002 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=19 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316095930/http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=12067 |archive-date=16 March 2012 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Foreign support==

There are allegations made by sources from the Indian based website the South Asian Terrorism portal that the ISYF has been supported by [[Pakistan]]'s [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] organisation.<ref name=SATPISYF>{{cite web|url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/ISYF.htm|title=International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF) South Asian Terrorism Portal article|date=n.d.|publisher=[[The Institute for Conflict Management]]|accessdate=2009-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310175452/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/ISYF.htm|archive-date=2009-03-10|url-status=live}}</ref>{{clarify|date=July 2019}}

== Bannings ==
===United Kingdom===
In February 2001, the United Kingdom banned twenty-one groups, including the ISYF, under the [[Terrorism Act 2000]].<ref name=Guardian>{{cite news | url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4144220,00.html | work = Guardian Unlimited | title = ISYF banned under new terror law | date = 2001-03-01 | first = Richard | last = Norton-Taylor | access-date = 2008-12-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050428142052/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4144220,00.html | archive-date = 2005-04-28 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name = Diasporas1089>{{cite book | page = 1089 | title = Encyclopedia of diasporas: immigrant and refugee cultures around the world | author1 = Carol R Ember | author2 = Melvin Ember | author3 = Ian A. Skoggard | publisher = Springer | year = 2004 | isbn = 978-0-306-48321-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7QEjPVyd9YMC }}</ref> The
ISYF was removed from the list of proscribed groups in March 2016 "following receipt of an application to deproscribe the organisation".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/612076/20170503_Proscription.pdf|title=PROSCRIBED TERRORIST ORGANISATIONS|date=n.d.|publisher=[[Home Office]]|accessdate=2017-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614124613/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/612076/20170503_Proscription.pdf|archive-date=2017-06-14|url-status=live}}</ref>

In a separate legal challenge by the leadership of the Sikh Federation (UK), including Bhai Amrik Singh, the Home Secretary confirmed on 14 December 2015 that she would be recommending to Parliament that the ban on the International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF) should be removed (this was removed in March 2016). Source: https://www.theasiantoday.com/index.php/2016/09/30/sikh-leader-campaigns-khalistan-secures-british-passport-long-legal-battle/

===India===
In 2002, the ISYF was banned in India, under the [[Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act]] designated as [[terrorist]] organisation by the [[Government of India]].<ref name=IndiaTerrorList>{{cite web|url=http://www.mha.nic.in/uniquepage.asp?Id_Pk=292|title=Terrorism Act 2000|publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)]]|accessdate=May 20, 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510212307/http://mha.nic.in/uniquepage.asp?id_pk=292|archivedate=May 10, 2012}}</ref> It remains [[List of terrorist organisations in India|banned in India]] since then.<ref name="MHA_BanList">{{cite web|title=List of Banned Organisations|url=https://mha.gov.in/banned-organisations|website=Ministry of Home Affairs, GoI|publisher=Government of India|accessdate=3 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503233101/https://mha.gov.in/banned-organisations |archivedate= 3 May 2018}}</ref>

===Japan===
[[Japan]]ese government banned it in 2002.<ref name="Japan_ban"/>

===Canada===
In June 2003, Canada banned the organisation.<ref name=Canada>{{cite news | url = http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/prg/ns/le/cle-en.asp#ISYF | publisher = Government of Canada | title = Currently listed entities | date = 2009-04-06 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090626183402/http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/prg/ns/le/cle-en.asp#ISYF | archivedate = 2009-06-26 }}</ref><ref name = TerrorThreat>{{cite book | url = https://archive.org/details/terrorthreatinte0000hami | url-access = registration | pages = [https://archive.org/details/terrorthreatinte0000hami/page/206 206]–207 | title = Terror Threat: International and Homegrown Terrorists and Their Threat to Canada | author1 = Hamilton, Dwight | author2 = Rimsa, Kostas | publisher = Dundurn Press | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-1-55002-736-5 }}</ref> The Vancouver Sun reported in February 2008 that Singhs were campaigning to have both the [[Babbar Khalsa]] and International Sikh Youth Federation delisted as terrorist organisations.
The article went on to state that the Public Safety Minister had never been approached by anyone lobbying to delist the banned groups and said, "the decision to list organisations such as Babbar Khalsa, Babbar Khalsa International and the International Sikh Youth Federation as terrorist entities under the Criminal Code is intended to protect Canada and Canadians from terrorism".<ref name="delistingeffort">{{cite news|url=http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=17e39f37-c322-40a7-8b13-e37c29e40881|title=Sikh leader solicits support|last=Bolan|first=Kim|date=February 18, 2008|publisher=The Vancouver Sun|accessdate=2009-05-31|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603194134/http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=17e39f37-c322-40a7-8b13-e37c29e40881|archivedate=June 3, 2009}}</ref>

===USA===
The ISYF was added to the [[US Treasury Department]] terrorism list on June 27, 2002.<ref name="ustreasterror"/>
In April 2004, the United States added four organisations, including the ISYF, to its terror list, allowing the US to deny entry (and to deport) any of its members.<ref name="ustreasterror"/><ref name=USterrorlist>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3674827.stm | work = BBC News | title = Indian groups join US terror list | date = 2004-04-30 | access-date = 2008-12-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20040714131625/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3674827.stm | archive-date = 2004-07-14 | url-status = live }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Sikh extremism]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

[[Category:1984 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Designated terrorist organizations associated with Sikhism]]
[[Category:Organisations designated as terrorist by India]]
[[Category:Organisations designated as terrorist by the European Union]]
[[Category:Youth organizations established in 1984]]
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist in Asia]]
[[Category:Khalistan movement]]
[[Category:Sikh terrorism]]
[[Category:Organisations designated as terrorist by Japan]]
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist by the United States]]
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist by Canada]]

International Sikh Youth Federation - Revision history

MalissaHoskins: expanded content

WikiDwarf: /* United Kingdom */clean up

BellaCH: Created page with "{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} {{Infobox militant organization | name = International Sikh Youth Federation | founded = 1984 | leader = ..."