Mohitjikumar32: cleaned up citations for accuracy

2026-03-28T18:12:39Z

cleaned up citations for accuracy

Muskit Gergous at 09:22, 10 August 2023

2023-08-10T09:22:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:52, 10 August 2023
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	{{Redirect\|LRBM\|the airport using that [[ICAO]] code\|Baia Mare Airport}}		{{Redirect\|LRBM\|the airport using that [[ICAO]] code\|Baia Mare Airport}}
	[[Image:MRBM-IRBM.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|IRBM and MRBM missiles.]]		[[Image:MRBM-IRBM.jpg\|thumb\|right\|300px\|IRBM and MRBM missiles.]]
	An '''~~intermediate~~-range ballistic missile''' ('''IRBM''') is a [[ballistic missile]] with a [[range (aeronautics)\|range]] of 3,000–5,500 km (1,864–3,418 miles), between a [[medium-range ballistic missile]] (MRBM) and an [[intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM). Classifying ballistic missiles by range is done mostly for convenience; in principle there is very little difference between a low-performance ICBM and a high-performance IRBM, because decreasing payload mass can increase range over ICBM threshold. The range definition used here is used within the U.S. [[Missile Defense Agency]]. Some other sources include an additional category, the '''long-range ballistic missile''' ('''LRBM'''), to describe missiles with a range between IRBMs and true ICBMs. The more modern term [[theatre ballistic missile]] encompasses MRBMs and SRBMs, including any ballistic missile with a range under {{convert\|3500\|km\|0\|abbr=on}}.		'''Intermediate-range ballistic missile''' ('''IRBM''') is a [[ballistic missile]] with a [[range (aeronautics)\|range]] of 3,000–5,500 km (1,864–3,418 miles), between a [[medium-range ballistic missile]] (MRBM) and an [[intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM). Classifying ballistic missiles by range is done mostly for convenience; in principle there is very little difference between a low-performance ICBM and a high-performance IRBM, because decreasing payload mass can increase range over ICBM threshold. The range definition used here is used within the U.S. [[Missile Defense Agency]]. Some other sources include an additional category, the '''long-range ballistic missile''' ('''LRBM'''), to describe missiles with a range between IRBMs and true ICBMs. The more modern term [[theatre ballistic missile]] encompasses MRBMs and SRBMs, including any ballistic missile with a range under {{convert\|3500\|km\|0\|abbr=on}}.

	The progenitor for the IRBM was the A4b rocket winged for increased range and based on the famous V-2 (Vergeltung, or "Reprisal", officially called A4) rocket designed by Wernher von Braun widely used by Nazi Germany at the end of World War II to bomb English and Belgian cities. The A4b was the prototype for the upper stage of the A9/A10 rocket. The goal of the program was to build a missile capable of bombarding New York when launched in France or Spain (see Amerika Bomber). A4b rockets were tested a few times in December 1944 and January and February 1945.[6] All of these rockets used liquid propellant. The A4b used an inertial guidance system, while the A9 would have been controlled by a pilot. They started from a non-mobile launch pad.		The progenitor for the IRBM was the A4b rocket winged for increased range and based on the famous V-2 (Vergeltung, or "Reprisal", officially called A4) rocket designed by Wernher von Braun widely used by Nazi Germany at the end of World War II to bomb English and Belgian cities. The A4b was the prototype for the upper stage of the A9/A10 rocket. The goal of the program was to build a missile capable of bombarding New York when launched in France or Spain (see Amerika Bomber). A4b rockets were tested a few times in December 1944 and January and February 1945.[6] All of these rockets used liquid propellant. The A4b used an inertial guidance system, while the A9 would have been controlled by a pilot. They started from a non-mobile launch pad.

>Cipher21: /* Specific IRBMs */ fixed date sorting, added missiles

2021-11-15T14:29:25Z

Specific IRBMs: fixed date sorting, added missiles

New page

{{Redirect|LRBM|the airport using that [[ICAO]] code|Baia Mare Airport}}
[[Image:MRBM-IRBM.jpg|thumb|right|300px|IRBM and MRBM missiles.]]
An '''intermediate-range ballistic missile''' ('''IRBM''') is a [[ballistic missile]] with a [[range (aeronautics)|range]] of 3,000–5,500 km (1,864–3,418 miles), between a [[medium-range ballistic missile]] (MRBM) and an [[intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM). Classifying ballistic missiles by range is done mostly for convenience; in principle there is very little difference between a low-performance ICBM and a high-performance IRBM, because decreasing payload mass can increase range over ICBM threshold. The range definition used here is used within the U.S. [[Missile Defense Agency]]. Some other sources include an additional category, the '''long-range ballistic missile''' ('''LRBM'''), to describe missiles with a range between IRBMs and true ICBMs. The more modern term [[theatre ballistic missile]] encompasses MRBMs and SRBMs, including any ballistic missile with a range under {{convert|3500|km|0|abbr=on}}.

The progenitor for the IRBM was the A4b rocket winged for increased range and based on the famous V-2 (Vergeltung, or "Reprisal", officially called A4) rocket designed by Wernher von Braun widely used by Nazi Germany at the end of World War II to bomb English and Belgian cities. The A4b was the prototype for the upper stage of the A9/A10 rocket. The goal of the program was to build a missile capable of bombarding New York when launched in France or Spain (see Amerika Bomber). A4b rockets were tested a few times in December 1944 and January and February 1945.[6] All of these rockets used liquid propellant. The A4b used an inertial guidance system, while the A9 would have been controlled by a pilot. They started from a non-mobile launch pad.

Following World War II von Braun and other lead Nazi scientists were secretly transferred to the United States to work directly for the U.S. Army through Operation Paperclip developing the V-2 into the weapon for the United States.

==History==
The progenitor for the IRBM was the [[Aggregate (rocket family)#A4b/A9|A4b rocket]] winged for increased range and based on the famous [[V-2 rocket|V-2]] (Vergeltung, or "Reprisal", officially called [[Aggregate series|A4]]) rocket designed by [[Wernher von Braun]] widely used by [[Nazi Germany]] at the end of World War II to bomb English and Belgian cities. The A4b was the prototype for the upper stage of the [[Aggregate (rocket family)#A9|A9/A10]] rocket. The goal of the program was to build a missile capable of bombarding New York when launched in France or Spain (see [[Amerika Bomber#Winged rockets|Amerika Bomber]]). A4b rockets were tested a few times in December 1944 and January and February 1945.<ref name="v2werk-oberraderach">{{cite web |url=http://www.v2werk-oberraderach.de/Irrtuemer/5-I.htm |title=Die geflügelte Rakete ( A7, A9, A4b ) (in German) |publisher=V2werk-oberraderach.de |access-date=2011-07-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719111841/http://www.v2werk-oberraderach.de/Irrtuemer/5-I.htm |archive-date=2011-07-19 }}</ref> All of these rockets used liquid propellant. The A4b used an inertial guidance system, while the A9 would have been controlled by a pilot. They started from a non-mobile launch pad.

Following World War II von Braun and other lead [[Nazi]] scientists were secretly transferred to the United States to work directly for the U.S. Army through [[Operation Paperclip]] developing the V-2 into the weapon for the United States.

IRBMs are currently operated by the People's Republic of China, India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Indian-Army-Successfully-Test-Fires-Nuke-Capable-Agni-IV-Missile/2015/11/09/article3121243.ece|title=Indian Army Successfully Test Fires Nuke-Capable Agni-IV Missile|website=The New Indian Express|access-date=2016-03-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405175541/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Indian-Army-Successfully-Test-Fires-Nuke-Capable-Agni-IV-Missile/2015/11/09/article3121243.ece|archive-date=2016-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Ballistic-missile-Agni-IV-test-fired-as-part-of-user-trial/articleshow/49720522.cms|title=Ballistic missile Agni-IV test-fired as part of user trial - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=2016-03-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121044007/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Ballistic-missile-Agni-IV-test-fired-as-part-of-user-trial/articleshow/49720522.cms|archive-date=2016-01-21}}</ref> Israel, and North Korea.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncnk.org/resources/publications/Missile_Issue_Brief.pdf|title=North Korea's Ballistic Missile Program|website=National Committee on North Korea|access-date=2016-04-01|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222051359/http://www.ncnk.org/resources/publications/Missile_Issue_Brief.pdf|archive-date=2016-02-22}}</ref> The United States, USSR, Pakistan, United Kingdom, and France were former operators.

==Nomenclature==
There is no clearly agreed-upon distinction between an intermediate-range and a medium range ([[Medium-range ballistic missile|MRBM]]) missile, and the categories overlap. Different sources will classify missiles in different ways. They are both distinct from ICBMs in that they have a range that is less than intercontinental, and hence must be based relatively close to the target. An IRBM, in general, is intended as a strategic weapon, while a MRBM, in general, is intended as a [[theatre ballistic missile]].

==Specific IRBMs==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ '''IRBMs'''
|-
! Date <sup>[[#Dates|*D]]</sup>
! Model
! Range km
! Maximum km
! class="unsortable" | Country
|-
| 1959 || [[PGM-17 Thor]] || 1,900 || 2,400 || {{flagu|United States}}, {{flagu|United Kingdom}}
|-
| Cancelled || [[Blue Streak (missile)|Blue Streak]] || 3,700 || || {{flagu|United Kingdom}}
|-
| 1962 || [[R-14 Chusovaya]] (SS-5) || 3,700 || || {{flagu|Soviet Union}}
|-
| 1970 || [[DF-3A]] || 4,000 || 5,000 || {{flagu|China}}, {{flagu|Saudi Arabia}}
|-
| 1976 || [[RSD-10 Pioneer]] (SS-20) || 5,500 || || {{flagu|Soviet Union}}
|-
| 1980 || [[S3 IRBM]] || 3,500 || || {{flagu|France}}
|-
| 2004 || [[DF-25]] || 3,200 || 4,000 || {{flagu|China}}
|-
|Cancelled
|[[Ghauri-III]]
|3,000
|3,500
|{{Flagu|Pakistan}}
|-
| 2006 || [[Agni-III]] || 3,500 || 5,000 || {{flagu|India}}
|-
| 2007 || [[DF-26]] || 3,500 || 5,000 || {{flagu|China}}
|-
| 2007 ||[[Shahab-5]] || 4,000 || 4,300 || {{flagu|Iran}}
|-
| 2010 || [[Hwasong-10|Hwasong-10/RD-B Musudan]] || 2,500 || 4,000 (not proven) || {{flagu|North Korea}}<ref name="mt">{{cite web|url=http://missilethreat.com/missiles/agni-3/?country=india#india |title=Ballistic Missiles of the World |publisher=MissileThreat |access-date=2011-07-15}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 2010 ||[[K-4 (missile)|K-4]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/05/india-inches-closer-to-credible-nuclear-triad-with-k-4-slbm-test/|title = India Inches Closer to Credible Nuclear Triad with K-4 SLBM Test}}</ref>|| 3,500 ||
|| {{flagu|India}}
|-
| 2011 || [[Agni-IV]] || 4,000 || || {{flagu|India}}
|-
|-
|2015
|[[Shaheen-III]]
|2,750
|2,750
|{{flagu|Pakistan}}
|-
| 2017 ||[[Hwasong-12]]/[[KN-17]] || 3,700 || 6,000 || {{flagu|North Korea}}
|}

==See also==
* [[Intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM)
* [[ICBM]]
* [[List of ICBMs]]
* [[Short-range ballistic missile]] (SRBM)
* [[Medium-range ballistic missile]] (MRBM)
* [[Submarine-launched ballistic missile]] (SLBM)
* [[Anti-ship ballistic missile]] (ASBM)
* [[Hypersonic cruise missile]]
* [[Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Missile types}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile}}
[[Category:Intermediate-range ballistic missiles|*Intermediate-range]]
[[Category:Missile types]]
[[Category:Wernher von Braun]]

Intermediate-range ballistic missile - Revision history

Mohitjikumar32: cleaned up citations for accuracy

Muskit Gergous at 09:22, 10 August 2023

>Cipher21: /* Specific IRBMs */ fixed date sorting, added missiles