Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 - Revision history

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2021-11-11T13:55:41Z

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	''' Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956''' (IPR 1956) is a resolution adopted by the Indian ~~Parliament~~ in April 1956. It was the second comprehensive statement on industrial development of India after the Industrial Policy of 1948.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=29 March 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528135133/http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|archive-date=28 May 2015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The 1956 policy continued to constitute the basic economic policy for a long time. This fact has been confirmed in all the Five-Year Plans of India. According to this resolution the objective of the social and economic policy in India was the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society. It provided more powers to the governmental machinery. It laid down three categories of industries which were more sharply defined. These categories were:
			'''Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956''' (IPR 1956) is a resolution adopted by the [[Indian parliament]] in April 1956. It was the second comprehensive statement on industrial development of India after the '''Industrial Policy of 1948'''.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=29 March 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528135133/http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|archive-date=28 May 2015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The 1956 policy continued to constitute the basic economic policy for a long time. This fact has been confirmed in all the [[Five-Year Plans of India]]. According to this resolution the objective of the social and economic policy in India was the establishment of a [[Socialism\|socialistic]] pattern of society. It provided more powers to the governmental machinery. It laid down three categories of industries which were more sharply defined. These categories were:
	# Schedule A: those industries which were to be an exclusive responsibility of the state.		# Schedule A: those industries which were to be an exclusive responsibility of the state.
	# Schedule B: those which were to be progressively state-owned and in which the state would generally set up new enterprises, but in which private enterprise would be expected only to supplement the effort of the state; and		# Schedule B: those which were to be progressively state-owned and in which the state would generally set up new enterprises, but in which private enterprise would be expected only to supplement the effort of the state; and
	# Schedule C: all the remaining industries and their future development would, in general be left to the initiative and enterprise of the private sector.		# Schedule C: all the remaining industries and their future development would, in general be left to the initiative and enterprise of the private sector.

			Schedule A Industries:<ref>https://dipp.gov.in/sites/default/files/chap001_0_0.pdf </ref>

	~~List over Schedule A Industries:<ref>https://dipp.gov.in/sites/default/files/chap001_0_0.pdf </ref>~~		# Arms and ammunition and allied items of defence equipment
			# Atomic energy
	1. Arms and ammunition and allied items of defence equipment.		# Iron and Steel
			# Heavy castings and forgings of iron and steel
	2. Atomic energy.		# Heavy plant and machinery required for iron and steel production, for mining, for machine tool manufacture and for such other basic industries as may be specified by the Central Government
			# Heavy electrical plant including large hydraulic and steam turbines
	3. Iron and Steel.		# Coal and lignite
			# Mineral oils
	4. Heavy castings and forgings of iron and steel.		# Mining of iron ore, manganese ore, chrome-ore, gypsum, sulphur, gold and diamond
			# Mining and processing of copper, lead, zinc, tin, molybdenum and wolfram
	5. Heavy plant and machinery required for iron and steel production, for mining, for machine tool manufacture and for such other basic industries as may be specified by the Central Government.		# Minerals specified in the Schedule to the Atomic Energy (Control of Production and Use) Order, 1953
			# Aircraft
	6. Heavy electrical plant including large hydraulic and steam turbines.		# Air transport
			# Railway Transport
	7. Coal and lignite.		# Ship Building
			# Telephones and telephone cables, telegraph and wireless apparatus (excluding radio receiving sets)
	8. Mineral oils.		# Generation and distribution of electricity

	9. Mining of iron ore, manganese ore, chrome-ore, gypsum, sulphur, gold and diamond.

	~~10.~~ Mining and processing of copper, lead, zinc, tin, molybdenum and wolfram.

	~~11.~~ Minerals specified in the Schedule to the Atomic Energy (Control of Production and Use) Order, 1953.

	~~12.~~ Aircraft.

	~~13.~~ Air transport.

	~~14.~~ Railway Transport.

	~~15.~~ Ship Building.

	~~16.~~ Telephones and telephone cables, telegraph and wireless apparatus (excluding radio receiving sets).

	~~17.~~ Generation and distribution of electricity.

	Although there was a category of industries left to the private sector (Schedule C above), the sector was kept under state control through a system of licenses. In order to open new industry or to expand production, obtaining a license from the government was a prerequisite. Opening new industries in economically backward areas was incentivised through easy licensing and subsidization of critical inputs like electricity and water. This was done to counter regional disparities that existed in the country. Licenses to increase the production were issued only if the government was convinced that the economy required more of the goods.<ref>http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?keec1=0-10</ref>		Although there was a category of industries left to the private sector (Schedule C above), the sector was kept under state control through a system of licenses. In order to open new industry or to expand production, obtaining a license from the government was a prerequisite. Opening new industries in economically backward areas was incentivised through easy licensing and subsidization of critical inputs like electricity and water. This was done to counter regional disparities that existed in the country. Licenses to increase the production were issued only if the government was convinced that the economy required more of the goods.<ref>http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?keec1=0-10</ref>
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59.95.254.115 at 04:13, 23 September 2021

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← Older revision		Revision as of 09:43, 23 September 2021
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2018}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2018}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2018}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2018}}
	'''Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956''' (IPR 1956) is a resolution adopted by the Indian Parliament in April 1956. It was the second comprehensive statement on industrial development of India after the Industrial Policy of 1948.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=29 March 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528135133/http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|archive-date=28 May 2015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The 1956 policy continued to constitute the basic economic policy for a long time. This fact has been confirmed in all the Five-Year Plans of India. According to this resolution the objective of the social and economic policy in India was the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society. It provided more powers to the governmental machinery. It laid down three categories of industries which were more sharply defined. These categories were:		''' Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956''' (IPR 1956) is a resolution adopted by the Indian Parliament in April 1956. It was the second comprehensive statement on industrial development of India after the Industrial Policy of 1948.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=29 March 2013 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528135133/http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf \|archive-date=28 May 2015 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> The 1956 policy continued to constitute the basic economic policy for a long time. This fact has been confirmed in all the Five-Year Plans of India. According to this resolution the objective of the social and economic policy in India was the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society. It provided more powers to the governmental machinery. It laid down three categories of industries which were more sharply defined. These categories were:
	# Schedule A: those industries which were to be an exclusive responsibility of the state.		# Schedule A: those industries which were to be an exclusive responsibility of the state.
	# Schedule B: those which were to be progressively state-owned and in which the state would generally set up new enterprises, but in which private enterprise would be expected only to supplement the effort of the state; and		# Schedule B: those which were to be progressively state-owned and in which the state would generally set up new enterprises, but in which private enterprise would be expected only to supplement the effort of the state; and

2405:201:401B:A19E:85BD:A8A:DE5E:1F51: Added additional info

2021-04-01T16:01:19Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
'''Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956''' (IPR 1956) is a resolution adopted by the Indian Parliament in April 1956. It was the second comprehensive statement on industrial development of India after the Industrial Policy of 1948.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=29 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528135133/http://eaindustry.nic.in/handbk/chap001.pdf |archive-date=28 May 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The 1956 policy continued to constitute the basic economic policy for a long time. This fact has been confirmed in all the Five-Year Plans of India. According to this resolution the objective of the social and economic policy in India was the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society. It provided more powers to the governmental machinery. It laid down three categories of industries which were more sharply defined. These categories were:
# Schedule A: those industries which were to be an exclusive responsibility of the state.
# Schedule B: those which were to be progressively state-owned and in which the state would generally set up new enterprises, but in which private enterprise would be expected only to supplement the effort of the state; and
# Schedule C: all the remaining industries and their future development would, in general be left to the initiative and enterprise of the private sector.

List over Schedule A Industries:<ref>https://dipp.gov.in/sites/default/files/chap001_0_0.pdf </ref>

1. Arms and ammunition and allied items of defence equipment.

2. Atomic energy.

3. Iron and Steel.

4. Heavy castings and forgings of iron and steel.

5. Heavy plant and machinery required for iron and steel production, for mining, for machine tool manufacture and for such other basic industries as may be specified by the Central Government.

6. Heavy electrical plant including large hydraulic and steam turbines.

7. Coal and lignite.

8. Mineral oils.

9. Mining of iron ore, manganese ore, chrome-ore, gypsum, sulphur, gold and diamond.

10. Mining and processing of copper, lead, zinc, tin, molybdenum and wolfram.

11. Minerals specified in the Schedule to the Atomic Energy (Control of Production and Use) Order, 1953.

12. Aircraft.

13. Air transport.

14. Railway Transport.

15. Ship Building.

16. Telephones and telephone cables, telegraph and wireless apparatus (excluding radio receiving sets).

17. Generation and distribution of electricity.

Although there was a category of industries left to the private sector (Schedule C above), the sector was kept under state control through a system of licenses. In order to open new industry or to expand production, obtaining a license from the government was a prerequisite. Opening new industries in economically backward areas was incentivised through easy licensing and subsidization of critical inputs like electricity and water. This was done to counter regional disparities that existed in the country. Licenses to increase the production were issued only if the government was convinced that the economy required more of the goods.<ref>http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?keec1=0-10</ref>

Fair and non-discriminatory treatment for the private sector, encouragement to village and small-scale enterprises, removing regional disparities, and the need for the provision of amenities for labor, and attitude to foreign capital were other salient features of the IPR 1956.

The Industrial Policy of 1956 is known as the economic constitution of the country.

==<big>References</big>==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Industrial history of India]]
[[Category:1956 in India]]
[[Category:Policies of India]]
[[Category:Industrial policy]]
[[Category:Nehru administration]]
[[Category:Economic history of India (1947–present)]]

{{India-econ-stub}}