KatherinDenmark at 00:24, 28 February 2026

2026-02-28T00:24:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:54, 28 February 2026
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	{{Infobox ethnic group		{{Infobox ethnic group
	\| group = Indians in Madagascar		\| group = Indians in Madagascar:<br>Karàna
	\| population = 25,000<ref name="Singhvi">{{harvnb\|Singhvi\|2000\|p=94}}</ref>		\| population = 25,000<ref name="Singhvi">{{harvnb\|Singhvi\|2000\|p=94}}</ref>
	\| popplace = [[Antananarivo]]		\| popplace = [[Antananarivo]]
	\| langs = [[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]], [[English language\|English]], [[Tamil language\|Tamil]], [[French language\|French]], [[Malagasy language\|Malagasy]], [[Hindi]], [[Languages of India]]		\| langs = [[Gujarati language\|Gujarati]], [[Sindhi language\|Sindhi]], [[Kutchi language\|Kutchi]], [[English language\|English]], [[Telugu language\|Telugu]], [[Tamil language\|Tamil]], [[French language\|French]], [[Malagasy language\|Malagasy]], [[Hindi]], [[Languages of India]]
	\| rels = [[~~Hinduism~~]], [[~~Islam~~]]		\| rels = [[Islam]], including [[Sunnism]], [[Shi'ism]] ([[Isma'ilism]]/[[Dawoodi Bohra\|Bohra]])
	\| related-c = [[Overseas Indians]]		\| related-c = [[Overseas Indians]]
	\| native_name =		\| native_name =
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	}}		}}

	'''~~Indians in Madagascar~~''' ~~form~~ a ~~community~~ of ~~roughly 25,000 individuals according to~~ the ~~statistics~~ of [[~~India~~]]'s [[~~Ministry of External Affairs~~ (~~India~~)\|~~Ministry of External Affairs~~]]~~; other estimates~~ of ~~their~~ population ~~range from 15~~,000 ~~to 30~~,~~000~~. Among ~~them~~ are 867 non-resident Indians, with the rest being locally born descendants of early immigrants.<ref name="Singhvi" /><ref>{{harvnb\|A.\|2001}}</ref> They form a minority [[ethnic groups of Madagascar\|ethnic group in Madagascar]].		The so-called '''<nowiki/>'Karana''' or '''Karane'''' are a generally Muslim racial group in [[Madagascar]] with a long history on the island. A large proportion of them arrived on the north-west port of [[Mahajanga]] in the early 1880s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book \|last=Amungo \|first=Ebimo \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yxDUDwAAQBAJ&dq=Sindhis+in+Madagascar&pg=PA71 \|title=The Rise of the African Multinational Enterprise (AMNE): The Lions Accelerating the Development of Africa \|date=2020-03-02 \|publisher=Springer Nature \|isbn=978-3-030-33096-5 \|pages=71 \|language=en}}</ref>

			The Malagasy term Karana mainly refers to '''[[Khoja]]''' (a Muslim tribe which was once based on the Indian subcontinent) families on the island who play a leading role in the Madagascar business sector. {{Citation needed\|date=February 2026}} The term does, however, sometimes include Indian and occasionally even Pakistani (extremely few in number) families though the Khoja make up the sizeable majority. {{Citation needed\|date=February 2026}} Though they have contributed greatly to the nation's development, unlike their counterparts, the '''[[Al-Lawatia]]''' in Oman, they do not enjoy the same level of acceptance and freedom with kidnappings rife and a lack of acceptance into the institution both politically and otherwise.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Madagascar : énième kidnapping de "karana" à Antananarivo \|url=https://www.linfo.re/ocean-indien/madagascar/madagascar-enieme-kidnapping-de-karana-a-antananarivo \|access-date=2024-06-08 \|website=Linfo.re}}</ref>

			Estimates of Karana population is 400,000.<ref name=":0" /> The group migrated from the Indian subcontinent somewhere between five and fifteen generations ago, spearheaded by the [[Khoja\|Khoja tribe]] with many Indians joining alongside. {{Citation needed\|date=February 2026}}

			Among those that are commonly referred on to as ''''Indians in Madagascar'''<nowiki/>' today, are 867 non-resident Indians, with the rest most probably being those locally-born descendants of early immigrants [[Khoja\|Khojas]] or Indians.<ref name="Singhvi" /><ref>{{harvnb\|A.\|2001}}</ref> They form a minority [[ethnic groups of Madagascar\|ethnic group in Madagascar]].

	==History==		==History==
	By the 1780s, a community of roughly 200 Indian traders had formed at [[Mahajanga]], a port on the north-west coast of [[Madagascar]], near [[Bombetoka Bay]] at the mouth of the [[Betsiboka River]]. Confusion arose over their legal status; they often declared themselves to be Malagasy subjects in order to evade the laws against slave-holding or the building of stone houses, both forbidden to British subjects, while their ''[[dhow]]s'', which they used to transport goods to and from the African mainland, [[flag of convenience\|flew French flags]].<ref>{{harvnb\|Oliver\|1885\|pp=115, 206}}</ref> Initial arrivals were mainly Muslim [[Khoja#Khoja_communities\|Khojas]], Ismailis and [[Dawoodi Bohra\|Daoudi Bohras]], with some Hindus settling later.<ref>{{harvnb\|Singhvi\|2000\|p=105}}</ref> The 1911 census found 4,480 Indians in the country, making them 21% of the total foreign population and the second-largest foreign population after the French.<ref>{{harvnb\|Martin\|1916\|p=906}}</ref> Following the nationalisation of private businesses in the 1970s, many were compelled to leave; those who remained were largely uneducated, but stayed on and gradually built their businesses. By 2000, they were generally believed to control 50-60% of the country's economy, making them the target of demonstrators during periods of unrest.<ref>{{harvnb\|Singhvi\|2000\|p=106}}</ref>		By the 1780s, a community of roughly 200 Indian traders had formed at [[Mahajanga]], a port on the north-west coast of [[Madagascar]], near [[Bombetoka Bay]] at the mouth of the [[Betsiboka River]]. Confusion arose over their legal status; they often declared themselves to be Malagasy subjects in order to evade the laws against slave-holding or the building of stone houses, both forbidden to British subjects, while their ''[[dhow]]s'', which they used to transport goods to and from the African mainland, [[flag of convenience\|flew French flags]].<ref>{{harvnb\|Oliver\|1885\|pp=115, 206}}</ref> French [[Khoja]] families today come from once Madagascar-based communities when the nation was part of the French Empire and those under it French citizens.

			In fact, even those families still based in Madagascar today are almost all French with links between the two still intact and regular travel between the French republic and the [[Madagascar\|Great Red Island]] occurring due to business interests and education amongst other factors. {{Citation needed\|date=February 2026}} It is not uncommon for a [[French people\|Frenchman]] of Khoja ethnicity to view Madagascar as the 'land of his ancestors'. {{Citation needed\|date=February 2026}}

			Initial arrivals to the island were mainly Muslim [[Twelver Shi'ism\|Twelver]] [[Khoja#Khoja_communities\|Khojas]], Ismailis and [[Dawoodi Bohra\|Daoudi Bohras]], with some Hindus settling later.<ref>{{harvnb\|Singhvi\|2000\|p=105}}</ref> The 1911 census found 4,480 Indians in the country, making them 21% of the total foreign population and the second-largest foreign population after the French.<ref>{{harvnb\|Martin\|1916\|p=906}}</ref> Following the nationalisation of private businesses in the 1970s, many were compelled to leave; those who remained were largely uneducated, but stayed on and gradually built their businesses. By 2000, they were generally believed to control 50-60% of the country's economy, making them the target of demonstrators during periods of unrest.<ref>{{harvnb\|Singhvi\|2000\|p=106}}</ref>

			==Business==
			Financial interests of the community on the island are diversified. Businessmen [[:fr:Ylias_Akbaraly\|Ylias Akbaraly]] and [[Hassanein Hiridjee]] are members of this community.

	==See also==		==See also==
			{{Portal\|India\|Madagascar
			}}
	*[[Chinese people in Madagascar]]		*[[Chinese people in Madagascar]]
	*[[Hinduism in Madagascar]]		*[[Hinduism in Madagascar]]
			*[[Islam in Madagascar]]
	*[[Demographics of Madagascar]]		*[[Demographics of Madagascar]]
			*[[India–Madagascar relations]]

	==References==		==References==
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	{{Ethnic groups of Madagascar}}		{{Ethnic groups of Madagascar}}
	{{~~NRI-PIO~~}}		{{Indian diaspora}}

	[[Category:Ethnic groups in Madagascar]]		[[Category:Ethnic groups in Madagascar]]
			[[Category:Malagasy people of Indian descent]]
	[[Category:Indian diaspora by country\|Madagascar]]		[[Category:Indian diaspora by country\|Madagascar]]
	[[Category:Indian diaspora in Africa]]		[[Category:Indian diaspora in Africa]]

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2021-02-27T08:37:45Z

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{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Indians in Madagascar
| population = 25,000<ref name="Singhvi">{{harvnb|Singhvi|2000|p=94}}</ref>
| popplace = [[Antananarivo]]
| langs = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[English language|English]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[French language|French]], [[Malagasy language|Malagasy]], [[Hindi]], [[Languages of India]]
| rels = [[Hinduism]], [[Islam]]
| related-c = [[Overseas Indians]]
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| related_groups =
}}

'''Indians in Madagascar''' form a community of roughly 25,000 individuals according to the statistics of [[India]]'s [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs]]; other estimates of their population range from 15,000 to 30,000. Among them are 867 non-resident Indians, with the rest being locally born descendants of early immigrants.<ref name="Singhvi" /><ref>{{harvnb|A.|2001}}</ref> They form a minority [[ethnic groups of Madagascar|ethnic group in Madagascar]].

==History==
By the 1780s, a community of roughly 200 Indian traders had formed at [[Mahajanga]], a port on the north-west coast of [[Madagascar]], near [[Bombetoka Bay]] at the mouth of the [[Betsiboka River]]. Confusion arose over their legal status; they often declared themselves to be Malagasy subjects in order to evade the laws against slave-holding or the building of stone houses, both forbidden to British subjects, while their ''[[dhow]]s'', which they used to transport goods to and from the African mainland, [[flag of convenience|flew French flags]].<ref>{{harvnb|Oliver|1885|pp=115, 206}}</ref> Initial arrivals were mainly Muslim [[Khoja#Khoja_communities|Khojas]], Ismailis and [[Dawoodi Bohra|Daoudi Bohras]], with some Hindus settling later.<ref>{{harvnb|Singhvi|2000|p=105}}</ref> The 1911 census found 4,480 Indians in the country, making them 21% of the total foreign population and the second-largest foreign population after the French.<ref>{{harvnb|Martin|1916|p=906}}</ref> Following the nationalisation of private businesses in the 1970s, many were compelled to leave; those who remained were largely uneducated, but stayed on and gradually built their businesses. By 2000, they were generally believed to control 50-60% of the country's economy, making them the target of demonstrators during periods of unrest.<ref>{{harvnb|Singhvi|2000|p=106}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Chinese people in Madagascar]]
*[[Hinduism in Madagascar]]
*[[Demographics of Madagascar]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{citation|title=A vibrant minority: The Chinese and Indians, who make up a tiny minority in Madagascar, are doing very well for themselves|last=A.|first=Kathirasen|periodical=New Straits Times|publication-place=Singapore|date=2001-07-31|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82613088.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022025533/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82613088.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-10-22|access-date=2008-10-28}}
*{{citation|chapter=Madagascar|title=The Statesman's Year-book: The Statesman's Year-book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1916|pages=905–908|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=1916|last=Martin|first=Frederick}}
*{{citation|title=The True Story of the French Dispute in Madagascar|last=Oliver|first=Samuel Pasfield|author-link=Samuel Pasfield Oliver|year=1885|publisher=Unwin}}
*{{citation|last=Singhvi |first=L. M. |chapter=Other Countries of Africa |pages=89–109 |title=Report of the High Level Committee on the Indian Diaspora |publisher=Ministry of External Affairs |publication-place=New Delhi |url=http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter8.pdf |year=2000 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206063957/http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter8.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-06 }}

==Further reading==
*{{citation|chapter=The Chinese and the Indians|pages=26–44|title=The Great Red Island: A Biography of Madagascar|last=Stratton|first=Arthur|publisher=Scribner|year=1964|oclc=1670237}}
*{{citation|title=Karana Et Banians: Les Communautes Commercantes D'Origine Indienne A Madagascar|last=Blanchy|first=Sophie|publisher=Harmattan|date=2004-01-22|isbn=978-2-7384-2656-7}}

{{Ethnic groups of Madagascar}}
{{NRI-PIO}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Madagascar]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora by country|Madagascar]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in Africa]]

Indians in Madagascar - Revision history

KatherinDenmark at 00:24, 28 February 2026

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