Felipa7295 at 10:55, 4 March 2026

2026-03-04T10:55:55Z

172.70.90.74 at 13:13, 11 August 2022

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>Shaleen987: /* History */

2021-06-07T06:19:49Z

History

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{{Infobox dog breed
| image = The Indian Pariah Dog.jpg
| image_caption =
| name = Indian pariah dog
| nickname = South Asian pariah dog<ref>{{cite journal|last1=van Asch|first1=B.|last2=Zhang|first2=A.-b.|last3=Oskarsson|first3=M. C. R.|last4=Klutsch|first4=C. F. C.|last5=Amorim|first5=A.|last6=Savolainen|first6=P.|title=Pre-Columbian origins of Native American dog breeds, with only limited replacement by European dogs, confirmed by mtDNA analysis|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|date=10 July 2013|volume=280|issue=1766|pages=20131142|doi=10.1098/rspb.2013.1142|pmid=23843389|pmc=3730590}}</ref><br>Pye-dog<ref name="Vellampalli"/><br>INDog<ref name="INDog">{{cite web |url= https://padsociety.org/breed-profiles/indog/ |title= INDog-Primitive and Aboriginal Dogs Society}}</ref><br>Desi dog<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan"/>
| origin = [[Indian subcontinent]]<ref name="2018Vellampalli"/>

| life_span = 10-13 years
| maleweight = {{convert|20|-|30|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| femaleweight = {{convert|15|-|25|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| maleheight = {{convert|20|-|25|in|cm|abbr=on}}
| femaleheight = {{convert|18|-|23|in|cm|abbr=on}}
| coat = Short
| colour = solid fawn, pied (fawn/black & white), black (rare)

| kc_name = [[Kennel Club of India]]
| kc_std = http://indog.co.in/preserving-indian-native-dog

| note =
}}

The '''Indian pariah dog''', also known as the '''Indian native dog or INDog''',<ref name=IKC>{{cite web|url=http://indog.co.in/preserving-indian-native-dog/|title=Article on the Indian Native Dog in the Kennel Gazette, Kennel Club of India, July 2015 – INDog Project}}</ref><ref name="Primitive and Aboriginal Dogs Society">{{cite web |url= https://padsociety.org/breed-profiles/indog |title= Primitive and Aboriginal Dogs Society, INDog,}}</ref> '''South Asian pye dog''' and '''Desi Dog''',<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan">{{cite web |last1=Choudhury-Mahajan |first1=Lina |title=Paws for thought |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/paws-for-thought/story-YNym7MKVc2axiKZncw3ZIK.html|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=12 April 2019 |language=en |date=12 July 2011}}</ref><ref name=IKC>{{cite web|url=http://indog.co.in/preserving-indian-native-dog/|title=Article on the Indian Native Dog in the Kennel Gazette, Kennel Club of India, July 2015 – INDog Project}}</ref> is a [[landrace]] of dog native to the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref name="2018Vellampalli"/> They have erect ears, a wedge-shaped head, and a curved tail. It is easily trainable and often used as a [[guard dog]] and [[police dog]].<ref name="Pandey2019">{{cite web|last1=Mukherjee Pandey|first1=Jhimli|title=Rescued pup trains her way into elite dog squad|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/kolkata/rescued-street-pup-trains-her-way-into-elite-dog-squad/articleshow/68262450.cms|publisher=[[Times of India]]|access-date=12 April 2019|language=en|date=5 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="Vellampalli2018">{{cite web |last1=Vellampalli |first1=Jaya |title=Why the Indian Pariah is a perfect pet |url=https://telanganatoday.com/why-the-indian-pariah-is-a-perfect-pet |publisher=[[Telangana Today]] |access-date=12 April 2019 |language=en |date=13 January 2018|quote=They are commonly seen in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. They adjust well in tropical climates as there is a mix of both winters and summers. But, even extreme weather conditions do not affect them in any way. This breed of dog sheds little fur. As they have short coat, the need for regular brushing and combing is less. They don’t even need regular bath as they do not have an unpleasant body odour. ... They are very devoted to their family/owners. In rural areas, these dogs are seen guarding farm animals. ... These dogs are free from all genetic health problems as they are a natural breed.}}</ref> This dog is an example of an ancient group of dogs known as [[pye-dog]]s. It is possible that the ancestry of this dog dates back 4,500 years ago.<ref name="INDogs">{{cite web|url=http://www.indog.co.in|title=INDog, The Indian Pariah Dog Project|date=October 2010}}</ref>

Though most street dogs in the Indian subcontinent are in fact Indian pye-dogs, the names for this breed are often erroneously used to refer to all urban South Asian stray dogs despite the fact that some [[free-ranging dog|free-ranging dogs]] in the Indian subcontinent do not match the "pariah type" and may not be pure indigenous dogs but mixed breeds,<ref name="Vellampalli">{{cite web |last1=Vellampalli |first1=Jaya |title=Why the Indian Pariah is a perfect pet |url=https://telanganatoday.com/why-the-indian-pariah-is-a-perfect-pet |publisher=[[Telangana Today]] |access-date=12 April 2019 |language=en |date=13 January 2018|quote=Indian Pariah dog also known as the Pye Dog is a perfect pet. There is always some confusion when it comes to this specific dog breed. Most of us assume every street dog to be Pariah. But not all of them belong to this breed. Many strays are [[mongrel|mixed breeds]], often referred to as mongrels, and cannot be considered pure Pariah dogs.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Opening doors to what we call pariah |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/opening-doors-to-what-we-call-pariah/cid/1653257 |publisher=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]] |access-date=12 April 2019 |language=en |date=27 November 2005|quote=A pariah is a desi dog, while a stray is an ownerless dog and a mongrel is a mixed breed. In India, most strays are pariah dogs or mongrels.}}</ref> especially around locations where European colonists historically settled in India, due to [[Genetic admixture|admixture]]s with European dog breeds.<ref>{{cite journal |title= Genetic structure in village dogs reveals a Central Asian domestication origin | doi=10.1073/pnas.1516215112 |pmid= 26483491 | year=2015 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume= 112 |issue= 44 |pages= 13639–13644 | last1 = Shannon | first1 = Laura M.|pmc=4640804 |bibcode= 2015PNAS..11213639S }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icbblog.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Boyko-and-Boyko-2014-Dog-conservation-and-the-population-genetic-structure-of-dogs.pdf|title=Dog conservation and the population genetic structure of dogs }}</ref>

==Appearance==
It is a medium-sized dog of square to slightly rectangular build and short coat. The dog has a double coat, a coarse upper coat, and a soft undercoat. The most commonly observed colours are browns, ranging from dark to reddish-brown, with or without white markings. Solid blacks are rare, but some dogs are pied. Shaded coats, brindles, solid white and dalmatian-type spotting are never seen in pure populations. These may be a sign of mixing with modern breeds, as they are only seen in dogs in cities and other sites where non-native dogs have been introduced.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian breed dogs - Indian breed dogs - Indian street dog, dog breed lists |url=https://www.meramaal.com/blog/indian-breed-dogs/ |access-date=28 November 2018 |work=www.meramaal.com}}</ref>

The head is medium-sized and wedge-shaped. The muzzle is pointed and is of equal or slightly greater length than the head. The neck is noble and the forequarters are erect. Hindquarters are minimally angled. The trot is short. The eyes are almond-shaped and dark brown in colour. The ears are held erect and are pointed at the tips, with a broad base, set low on the head, and the tail is curled and held high when excited.
[[File:A stray Indian Pariah Dog.jpg|thumb|A pet Indian pariah dog]]

==Names==
[[File:Pariah Dog.jpg|thumb|right|Indian pye-dogs have been used as [[guard dog]]s for centuries.]]

The namesake of this breed was given during the [[British Raj|British Raj in India]] after the [[Paraiyar|Pariah]] tribe of the [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name="Chakrabarti2010">{{cite journal |last1=Chakrabarti |first1=Pratik |title=Beasts of Burden: Animals and Laboratory Research in Colonial India|journal=History of Science |date=June 2010 |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=125–151 |doi=10.1177/007327531004800201 |pmid=20582325 |pmc=2997667 |bibcode=2010HisSc..48..125C }}</ref> From the [[Anglo-Indian]] word ''pye'' or ''paë'' and Hindi ''pāhī'' meaning 'outsider', the Indian pariah dog is sometimes referred to as the pye-dog (also spelt ''pie'' or ''pi'') and the Indian native dog.<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pye–dog Merriam-Webster Dictionary]</ref> It is popularly known as Desi Kutta or Desi Dog (which derives from the [[Hindi language|Hindi]] word ''[[desi]]'', meaning ''native''), as well as the Indi-dog or In-dog (in various spellings).<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan"/> It was referred to in the works of [[Rudyard Kipling]] as the "yellow pariah dog".<ref>Kipling, Rudyard. (1894) [[The Jungle Book]].</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Indog Pune.jpg|thumb|A pet Indian pariah dog in [[Raigarh]]]]
The pariah dog of India is an ancient [[Indigenous (ecology)|autochthon]]ous [[landrace]] that is found all over [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Sri Lanka]] and even beyond [[South Asia]].<ref name="2018Vellampalli">{{cite web |last1=Vellampalli |first1=Jaya |title=Why the Indian Pariah is a perfect pet |url=https://telanganatoday.com/why-the-indian-pariah-is-a-perfect-pet |publisher=[[Telangana Today]] |language=en |date=13 January 2018}}</ref>{{better source|reason=website, nor refs|date=May 2020}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Pathak|first=Arun |title=Handicrafts in the Indus Valley Civilization|year=1995|publisher=Janaki Prakashan|isbn=8185078874}}</ref>{{page number|date=May 2020}} A pariah-like dog skull was discovered in the [[ancient India]]n site of [[Mohenjo-daro]] and prehistoric rock art depicting a dog of similar type has been found in the [[Bhimbetka rock shelters]].<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan"/>{{better source|reason=website, nor refs|date=May 2020}} It was featured on [[National Geographic Channel]]'s film, ''Search for the First Dog'' along with the other ancient types such as the [[Canaan Dog]] of [[Israel]] and the [[Australian dingo]].<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan"/>

The Indian pye-dog was introduced to the [[Andaman Islands]] with the establishment of a penal colony there, dogs having been previously unknown to the native [[Andamanese peoples|Andamanese]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Cipriani |first=Lidio |title=The Andaman Islanders |year=1966 |page=81 |publisher=[[Weidenfeld & Nicolson]]|url=https://books.google.com/?id=QxVFAAAAMAAJ&q=pariah+dog}}</ref>

Despite the Indian pariah dog being highly intelligent and easily trainable, the breed was intentionally downplayed during the [[British Raj]] by merchants who wished to sell their foreign breeds within the country.<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan2011">{{cite web |last1=Choudhury-Mahajan |first1=Lina |title=Paws for thought |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/paws-for-thought/story-YNym7MKVc2axiKZncw3ZIK.html|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=2 March 2019 |language=en |date=12 July 2011}}</ref> Their popularity in the West in recent years, however, has resulted in hundreds of dogs being exported out of the Indian subcontinent.<ref name="Sharma2017"/>

In 2015, a breed standard was published in the Indian Kennel Gazette, the publication of [[Kennel Club of India]],<ref name=IKC/> and the dog has been recognized by the Primitive and Aboriginal Dog Society (PADS), a worldwide grouping of enthusiasts based in the US.<ref name="INDogs"/>

Some in the society view these dogs as a risk citing their increasing population in India in recent years. They consider these dogs as menace and nuisance owing to constant barking and biting people. Nevertheless, most of these attacks are caused due to human provocation like hitting them with sticks or throwing stones at them.<ref>https://mediaindia.eu/social-vibes/stray-dogs-a-major-problem-in-india/</ref> The numbers of dog bites and deaths due to dog attacks are increasing every year. Since these dogs are largely not vaccinated, they frequently carry rabies.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/07/world/asia/india-stray-dogs-are-a-menace.html</ref>

Indian Pariah dogs make for loving family pets and are great with kids and adults. They are high on energy and complement kids with an active lifestyle. Indian pariah dogs are one of the oldest dog breeds in existence today.
Archaeological findings indicate that this dog was in existence some 4500 years ago. Excavations in the Mohenjo-Daro site found in the Sindh region of Pakistan (Indus Valley civilisation) revealed an Indian Pariah dog skull dating to 2500 BCE. Also, there are various cave paintings across the Indian subcontinent that hints at pariah dogs to be one of the oldest dog breeds in the world.<ref name="Pariah Dog">{{cite web|title=Indian Pariah Dogs|url=https://dogwithblog.in/Indian-pariah-dog/}}</ref>

==Temperament==
Pariah dogs are very alert and social.<ref name="INDogs"/> They are used as [[guard dog]]s and [[police dog]]s, being very territorial and defensive.<ref name="Pandey2019"/><ref name="Vellampalli2018"/> They need good socializing as pups and do well with families and children if provided with such socialization.<ref name="Sharma2017">{{cite web |last1=Sharma |first1=Purnima |title=Desi stray dogs are finding loving homes thousands of miles away from the mean streets of India |url=https://qz.com/india/908853/desi-stray-dogs-are-finding-loving-homes-thousands-of-miles-away-from-the-mean-streets-of-india/ |publisher=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]] |access-date=2 March 2019 |language=en |date=13 February 2017}}</ref> They are highly intelligent and easily trainable; to this end, veterinarian Premlata Choudhary stated that "desi dogs are much more intelligent and hardy than most pedigreed dogs that people spend so much money on."<ref name="Sharma2017"/>
==Health==
Being a naturally evolved breed, they have very few health concerns and thrive with minimal maintenance in suitable climates.<ref name="Vellampalli2018"/> The skin needs very little grooming and the dogs themselves are relatively clean.<ref name="Vellampalli2018"/> They have little body odour.<ref name="ChoudhuryMahajan"/><ref name="Vellampalli2018"/> Genetic health ailments like hip dysplasia are extremely rare, since there is no inbreeding and the dominant genes that aid their survival are naturally selected over time.<ref name="Vellampalli2018"/> Most of their deaths occur due to accidents on the roads and railway tracks, not getting food or drinking polluted water, tumors in the body, getting bit by snakes or harmed by humans.

== See also ==
*[[Telomian]]
*[[Sinhala Hound]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.indog.co.in INDog: The Indian Pariah Dog], at InDog.co.in
* [http://padsociety.org Primitive & Aboriginal Dog Society]
* [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/relationships/pets/life-as-a-pariah-sees-it/articleshow/63623184.cms Life as a pariah sees it] - [[Times of India]]

{{Primitive dogs}}
{{Indian dogs}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pariah Dog}}
[[Category:Dog breeds originating in India]]
[[Category:Dog breeds originating in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Feral dogs]]
[[Category:Dog landraces]]
[[Category:Animal breeds originating in Afghanistan]]
[[da:Pariahhund]]
[[fr:Chien paria]]
[[he:פאריה]]
[[ja:野犬]]
[[no:Pariahunder]]
[[fi:Paariakoira]]
[[sv:Pariahund]]
[[zh:流浪犬]]

Indian pariah dog - Revision history

Felipa7295 at 10:55, 4 March 2026

172.70.90.74 at 13:13, 11 August 2022

>Shaleen987: /* History */