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{{Infobox locomotive
| name = Indian locomotive class YG
| image = 763 IndiaBareilly 19931227.jpg
| caption = YG 3543 at Bareilly City sheds
| powertype = Steam
| builder = [[Baldwin Locomotive Works]] [[Canadian Locomotive Company]] [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]] [[Skoda Works]] [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]] [[Montreal Locomotive Works]] [[Nippon Sharyo]] [[Tata Motors]] [[Lokomotivfabrik Floridsdorf]]
| builddate = 1949–1972
| totalproduction = 1074
| whytetype = {{whyte|2-8-2}}
| gauge = {{track gauge|1000 mm}}
| coupleddiameter = {{convert|1219|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|16333|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| engine total = {{convert|9068|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| coupled = {{convert|4038|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| over buffers = {{convert|19088|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|3404|mm|ftin|abbr=on}}
| axleload = {{convert|10.5|t|abbr=on}}
| serviceweight = {{convert|58|t|abbr=on}}
| firearea = {{convert|2.6|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| boilerpressure = {{convert|14.5|bar|psi|abbr=on}}
| totalsurface = {{convert|103.1|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| superheaterarea = {{convert|30.6|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount = Two, outside
| cylindersize = {{convert|413|x|610|mm|in|abbr=on}}
| valvegear = [[Walschaerts valve gear|Walschaerts]]
| maxspeed = {{convert|65|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| t/e starting = {{convert|104.8|kN|lbf|abbr=on}}
| operator = [[Indian Railways]]
| fleetnumbers = See table
| notes = Sources:<ref name=terminal>{{Cite web |url=https://jdhsmith.math.iastate.edu/term/slinigr.htm |title=Indian Government Railways steam locomotives |last=Smith |first=Jonathan |date= |website=The terminal: Standard steam locomotives |publisher=[[Iowa State University]] |access-date=15 November 2024 |quote=}}</ref>{{sfn|Hughes|1996|page=48}}
}}

The '''Indian locomotive class YG''' were a class of {{whyte|2-8-2}} [[Metre-gauge railway|metre-gauge]] [[Locomotive#Use|goods]] [[Locomotive|locomotives]] introduced by [[Indian Railways]] around 1949. It was one of several standardised locomotive designs developed as further additions to the Indian Railway Standard (IRS) design locomotives built for the [[Metre-gauge railway|metre-gauge]] [[Rail transport in India|railways]] of [[India]].

==History==
The YG class was the most mass-produced metre-gauge freight locomotive in India after the [[partition of India]]. Between 1949 and 1972, a total of 1,074 locomotives were built by nine different manufacturers.{{sfn|Hughes|1977|page=23}}

Although designed as goods engines, the YG was often used on passenger trains. It replaced the 1927-built [[Indian locomotive class YD|YD class]].

YG 3573, completed on 5 February 1972 by [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]], was the last steam locomotive built in India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://irfca.org/faq/faq-history5.html |title=Indian Railways History: 1970 - 1994 |last= |first= |date= |website=Indian Railways Fan Club |publisher= |access-date=23 November 2024 |quote=}}</ref>

Many of the locomotives were in use until the end of the 1990s. The last three examples, 3318, 3334 and 3360 were in regular service with [[Western Railway zone|Western Railways]] in 1999, being used on freight and passenger trains from [[Wankaner]] to Navlakhi via [[Morbi]] on the [[Gulf of Kutch]].<ref name="irfca">{{cite web|access-date=2024-01-19 |publisher=IRFCA |title=Steam in India |url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-steam.html#mg}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Builder
!Built date
!Number
!Serial number
!Running number
|-
|[[Baldwin Locomotive Works]]
|1949/50
|120
|74474–74592
| rowspan="3" |3000–3149
|-
|[[Montreal Locomotive Works]]
|1950
|20
|77606–77625
|-
|[[Canadian Locomotive Company]]
|1950
|10
|2624–2633
|-
|[[Tata Motors|Tata Engineering and Locomotive Co.]] (TELCO)
|1952/53
|50
|1–50
|3150–3199
|-
|[[Nippon Sharyo]]
|1954/55
|75
|1619–1693
|4001–4075
|-
|[[Lokomotivfabrik Floridsdorf|Wiener Lokomotivfabrik Floridsdorf]]
|1956
|50
|17776–17825
|4076–4125
|-
|[[Škoda Works|Lenin Works]] (Škoda)
|1956
|50
|3434–3483
|4126–4175
|-
|Nippon Sharyo
|1956
|46
|1706–1751
|4276–4321
|-
|[[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]]
|1956
|39
|880–918
|4322–4360
|-
|TELCO
|1956–66
|554
|151–200, 291–760, 831–844, 936–955
|3200–3513, 3690–3749, 4176–4275, 4361–4440 ''Not in order''
|-
|[[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]] (CLW)
|1969–72
|60
|N/A
|3514–3573
|-
| colspan="5" |{{Small|Source:{{sfn|Hughes|1977|page=24}}}}
|}

== Design ==
The YG class was designed as a metre-gauge variant of the broad-gauge [[Indian locomotive class WG|class WG]], but externally, they were broadly similar to the [[Indian locomotive class YP|class YP]] passenger locomotives. The biggest difference between YG class and the preceding YD class was the use of bar frames, which were lighter and easier to manufacture than the plate frames.{{sfn|Hughes|1977|page=23}}

In addition, the YGs had the latest technical features in a steam locomotive of its era, such as steel fire grates, rapidly heating boiler tubes, combustion chambers and large-area superheaters. Improved boiler conditions allowed the combustion of low-grade Indian coal with high ash content.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2024-01-18 |title=YG 2-8-2 |url=http://sundar.altervista.org/YG.htm |website=The Indian Steam Locomotive Page}}</ref>

==Allocations==
The YG class was widely used throughout India. By 1976, 1,059 locomotives were still rostered on the following zones of [[Indian Railways]]:{{sfn|Hughes|1977|page=96}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Region
!Number
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |[[Central Railways]]
|24
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |[[Northern Railways]]
|165
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |[[North Eastern Railways]]
|293
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |Northern Frontier Railway
|106
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |[[Southern Railway zone|Southern Railways]]
|159
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |[[South Central Railways]]
|151
|- style="text-align:right"
| style="text-align:left" |[[Western Railways]]
|161
|-
|}

==East African exports==
In 1976, five locomotives, numbers 3563, 3564, 3551, 3550, and 3549, were sold to [[East African Railways and Harbours Corporation|East African Railways]]. These were manufactured in 1971 and 1972, and were overhauled in India beforehand. Differences include the absence of smoke deflectors and some other minor adjustments. The five locomotives were placed in the 2701-2705 numbering sequence, being designated as '''Class 27II''', and were passed on to [[Tanzania Railways Corporation|Tanzania Railways]] after the breakup of the EAR, before being withdrawn and scrapped in 1993.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramaer |first=Roel |title=Gari la Moshi - Steam Locomotives of the East African Railways |publisher=Stenvalls |year=2009 |isbn=978-91-7266-172-1 |location=Malmö, Sweden |pages=156–157}}</ref>{{sfn|Hughes|1996|page=48}}

==Preservation==
At least 50 locomotives have been preserved.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2024-01-20 |language=en |title=Steam locomotives in India |url=https://www.steamlocomotive.info/country.cfm?which=india |website=steamlocomotive.info}}</ref> In 2000, two more examples were sold to private individuals in the United States, although their subsequent fate is unknown.<ref name="irfca">{{cite web|access-date=2024-01-19 |publisher=IRFCA |title=Steam in India |url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-steam.html#mg}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Number
!Location
!Status
|-
|3011
|[[Saharsa]]
|Inactive
|-
|3040
|[[Tinsukia]]
|Inactive
|-
|3042
|Thana Bihpur
|Inactive
|-
|3174
|Tinsukia
|Inactive
|-
|3212
|[[Dibrugarh]]
|Inactive
|-
|3213
|Mariani
|Static display
|-
|3218
|Dibrugarh
|Operational
|-
|3261
|[[Ambala]]
|Static display
|-
|3318
|[[Lucknow]]
|Static display
|-
|3334
|Lucknow
|Static display
|-
|3358
|[[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]]
|Static display
|-
|3360
|[[Dwarka]]
|Static display
|-
|3382
|[[Cooch Behar|Koch Bihar]]
|Static display
|-
|3403
|[[Kolkata]]
|Static display
|-
|3415
|[[Rewari]]
|Operational
|-
|3430
|[[Sabarmati River|Sabarmati]]
|Static display
|-
|3437
|[[Chandigarh]]
|Static display
|-
|3438
|Rewari
|Operational
|-
|3474
|[[Gorakhpur]]
|Inactive
|-
|3490
|Saharsa
|Inactive
|-
|3509
|[[Chittorgarh|Chittaurgarh]]
|Static display
|-
|3526
|[[Wankaner]]
|Inactive
|-
|3532
|Tinsukia
|Inactive
|-
|3534
|Chittaranjan
|Static display
|-
|3721
|Tinsukia
|Inactive
|-
|4028
|[[Indore]]
|Static display
|-
|4029
|Tinsukia
|Inactive
|-
|4091
|[[Lumding]]
|Static display
|-
|4092
|Saharsa
|Inactive
|-
|4101
|Badarpur
|Operational
|-
|4119
|[[Guwahati]]
|Static display
|-
|4121
|Badarpur
|Operational
|-
|4124
|Tinsukia
|Inactive
|-
|4129
|[[Etawah]]
|Static display
|-
|4136
|[[Chennai]]
|Static display
|-
|4138
|Wankaner
|Inactive
|-
|4143
|[[Guna, Madhya Pradesh|Guna]]
|Static display
|-
|4159
|Wankaner
|Inactive
|-
|4182
|Wankaner
|Inactive
|-
|4205
|[[Tiruchirappalli]]
|Static display
|-
|4232
|Rewari
|Operational
|-
|4252
|Rewari
|Operational
|-
|4310
|Tiruchirappalli
|Static display
|-
|4330
|Saharsa
|Inactive
|-
|4367
|Lumding
|Static display
|-
|4369
|Wankaner
|Operational
|-
|4371
|Saharsa
|Inactive
|-
|4379
|[[Neemuch]]
|Static display
|-
|4405
|[[Bhopal]]
|Static display
|-
|4422
|Tinsukia
|Inactive
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book |last=Hughes |first=Hugh |author-link= |date=1977 |title=Steam Locomotives in India, Part 2 - Meter Gauge |url= |location= |publisher=The Continental Railway Circle |page= |isbn=0-9503469-3-4}}
* {{Cite book |last=Hughes |first=Hugh |title=Indian Locomotives, Part 4 1941–1990 |publisher=The Continental Railway Circle |year=1996 |isbn=0-9521655-1-1 |pages=}}

==External links==
* [https://www.irfca.org/gallery/Heritage/WienerLokomotivFabrikFloridsdorfAG Pictures of the locomotives manufactured by the Vienna Locomotive Factory for India]
{{commons category|Indian locomotive class YG}}

{{Metre gauge locomotives of India}}

[[Category:MLW locomotives]]
[[Category:CLC locomotives]]
[[Category:Baldwin locomotives]]
[[Category:Floridsdorf locomotives]]
[[Category:2-8-2 locomotives]]
[[Category:1′D1′ h2 locomotives]]
[[Category:Nippon Sharyo locomotives]]
[[Category:Chittaranjan Locomotive Works locomotives]]
[[Category:Škoda locomotives]]
[[Category:Steam locomotives of India|YG]]
[[Category:Metre-gauge steam locomotives]]
[[Category:Freight locomotives]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1949]]

Indian locomotive class YG - Revision history

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