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{{EngvarB|date=February 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name = Indian XP
| powertype = Steam
| image = XP works photo, 1935.jpg
| alt = Vulcan Foundry works photo of GIPR no. 3100.
| caption = [[Vulcan Foundry]] works photo of [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway|GIPR]] no. 3100.
| designer =
| builder = [[Vulcan Foundry]]
| ordernumber =
| serialnumber = 4694–4695
| buildmodel =
| builddate = 1937
| totalproduction = 2
| rebuilder =
| rebuilddate =
| numberrebuilt =
| whytetype = {{Whyte|4-6-2}}
| uicclass = 2′C1′h4
| gauge = {{track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}}
| leadingdiameter = 
| driverdiameter = {{convert|6|ft|2|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| trailingdiameter = 
| minimumcurve =
| wheelbase =
| length = 
| width =
| height =
| axleload = {{convert|18+2/3|LT|t ST}}
| weightondrivers = {{convert|55.75|LT|t ST}}
| locoweight = {{convert|99|LT|t ST}}
| tenderweight = {{convert|74|LT|t ST}}
| fueltype = [[Coal]]
| fuelcap = {{convert|13|LT|t ST}}
| watercap = {{convert|5500|impgal|abbr=on}}
| sandcap =
| boiler =
| boilerpressure = {{convert|210|psi|MPa|2|abbr=on}}
| feedwaterheater =
| firearea = {{convert|40|sqft|m2|abbr=on}}
| tubearea =
| fluearea =
| tubesandflues =
| fireboxarea =
| totalsurface = 
| superheatertype =
| superheaterarea = 
| cylindercount = Two, outside
| cylindersize = {{convert|21+1/2|x|28|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| valvegear = [[Caprotti valve gear|Caprotti]]
| valvetype = 
| valvetravel = 
| valvelap =
| valvelead =
| transmission =
| maxspeed =
| poweroutput = 
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|33055|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}}
| factorofadhesion =
| trainheating =
| locobrakes =
| locobrakeforce =
| trainbrakes =
| safety =
| operator = {{unbulleted list|[[Great Indian Peninsula Railway]]|[[Indian Railways]]}}
| operatorclass =
| powerclass =
| numinclass = 2
| fleetnumbers = {{unbulleted list|GIPR: 3100, 3101|IR: 22599, 22600}}
| officialname =
| nicknames =
| axleloadclass =
| locale =
| deliverydate =
| firstrundate =
| lastrundate =
| retiredate =
| withdrawndate =
| preservedunits =
| restoredate =
| scrapdate =
| currentowner =
| disposition = Both scrapped
| notes = {{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=59}}{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=24}}<ref name=Marshall-IBGSR-36>[[#Marshall-IBGSR|Marshall 2009]], p. 36.</ref><ref name=irfca>{{cite web|title=Steam Locomotive Classes: XP|url=http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-loco-steam.html|work=IRFCA website|publisher=IRFCA|access-date=16 July 2013}}</ref><ref name=vulcan-photo>{{cite web|url=http://www.enuii.org/vulcan_foundry/photographs/locomotives/gipr%20XP%20class.jpg |title=Annotated works photo |format=JPG |publisher=[[Vulcan Foundry]] |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017225546/http://www.enuii.org/vulcan_foundry/photographs/locomotives/gipr%20XP%20class.jpg |archive-date=17 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

The '''Indian locomotive class XP''' was a class of experimental {{Whyte|4-6-2}} "Pacific" type [[steam locomotive]]s used on {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]] lines in India.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=59}}{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=24}}<ref name=Marshall-IBGSR-36/>

The two members of the class were built by [[Vulcan Foundry]] in [[Newton-le-Willows]], [[Lancashire]], England, to an order placed by the [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway]] (GIPR) in 1935.{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=24}}

==Background==
The class XP was intended to have the power of the [[Indian locomotive class XC|class XC]] heavy passenger Pacific locomotives, but the operating area of the light [[axle load]] [[Indian locomotive class XB|class XB]] Pacifics.<ref name=irfca/>

The performance objectives set for the class XP were running mileages of {{convert|200,000|mi|abbr=on}} between overhauls, and a monthly average mileage of {{convert|10,000|mi|abbr=on}}. Both of these objectives were very ambitious for the time.<ref name=irfca/>

==Design details==
The basis for the class XP design was the boiler and firebox of the XB, with some modification to their details. The wheels and cylinders of the two classes had the same dimensions.<ref name=irfca/>

The XP's boiler pressure was higher, and its tractive effort was greater, than those of both the XB and the XC.<ref name=irfca/>

Both class XP locomotives were fitted with [[Caprotti valve gear]], and [[Rolling-element bearing|roller bearings]] on all engine and tender wheels. The class leader's bearings were supplied by [[Timken Company|Timken]], and its class mate's bearings were by Skefco.<ref name=irfca/>

In 1946, when the Indian government ordered the 16 [[Indian locomotive class WP|class WP]] prototypes, their design was based on that of the class XP.<ref name=irfca/><ref name=Hughes-IL4-12>[[#Hughes-IL4|Hughes 1996]], p. 12.</ref>

==Service history==
The class XP locomotives entered service with the GIPR in 1937, as nos. 3100 and 3101.{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=24}}<ref name=irfca/>

The class leader was named ''[[George VI|King George]]'', in honour of the then [[Emperor of India|King-Emperor of India]], and the other class XP engine was named ''[[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Queen Elizabeth]]'', after the then Queen-Empress.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=59}}

In November 1951, the GIPR was incorporated into the [[Central Railway zone]] of the [[Indian Railways]]. In the All-India renumbering of 1957, the two class XP locomotives were given the numbers 22599 and 22600, respectively.{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=24}}<ref name=irfca/>

Both locomotives had been withdrawn from service by 1970.<ref name=Marshall-IBGSR-36/>

==See also==

*{{section link|Rail transport in India|History}}
*[[Indian Railways]]
*[[Locomotives of India]]

==References==

===Notes===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
*{{Hughes-IndianLocos1}}
*{{Hughes-IndianLocos4}}
*{{Marshall-IBGSR}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.enuii.org/vulcan_foundry/history/1938.jpg |title=Vulcan Foundry advertisement |year=1938 |format=JPG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518103617/http://www.enuii.org/vulcan_foundry/history/1938.jpg |archive-date=18 May 2016 |url-status=dead }} – features a works photo of a class XP locomotive

{{Broad gauge locomotives of India |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:2′C1′ h4 locomotives]]
[[Category:4-6-2 locomotives]]
[[Category:5 ft 6 in gauge locomotives]]
[[Category:Experimental locomotives]]
[[Category:Passenger locomotives]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1937]]
[[Category:Scrapped locomotives]]
[[Category:Steam locomotives of India|XP]]
[[Category:Vulcan Foundry locomotives]]

Indian locomotive class XP - Revision history

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