Indian Rare Earths - Revision history

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	'''IREL (India) Limited''' '''(Formally Indian Rare Earths Limited)''' is a [[~~government-owned corporation~~]] Mini-Ratna Category A, Schedule B Company, in India based in [[Mumbai]]. It was incorporated as a public limited company in 1950, jointly owned by the [[Government of India]] and Government of Travancore, Kochi with the primary intention of taking up commercial scale processing of [[Monazite]]. [[Government of India]] took control of IREL in 1963 under the administrative control of [[Department of Atomic Energy]] ([[Department of Atomic Energy\|DAE]]). It was incorporated with the primary intention of taking up commercial scale processing of monazite sand at its first unit namely Rare Earths Division (RED), [[Aluva]], [[Kochi]] for the recovery of [[thorium]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp \|title=About Us \|publisher=Irel.gov.in \|date=18 August 1950 \|access-date=10 July 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903140542/http://irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp \|archive-date=3 September 2010 \|df=dmy-all }}</ref>		'''IREL (India) Limited''' '''(Formally Indian Rare Earths Limited)''' is a [[Public Sector Undertaking\|Public Sector Enterprise]] Mini-Ratna Category A, Schedule B Company, in India based in [[Mumbai]]. It was incorporated as a public limited company in 1950, jointly owned by the [[Government of India]] and Government of Travancore, Kochi with the primary intention of taking up commercial scale processing of [[Monazite]]. [[Government of India]] took control of IREL in 1963 under the administrative control of [[Department of Atomic Energy]] ([[Department of Atomic Energy\|DAE]]). It was incorporated with the primary intention of taking up commercial scale processing of monazite sand at its first unit namely Rare Earths Division (RED), [[Aluva]], [[Kochi]] for the recovery of [[thorium]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp \|title=About Us \|publisher=Irel.gov.in \|date=18 August 1950 \|access-date=10 July 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903140542/http://irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp \|archive-date=3 September 2010 \|df=dmy-all }}</ref>

	== list of units <ref>https://www.irel.co.in/ {{bare URL inline\|date=May 2023}}</ref> ==		== list of units <ref>https://www.irel.co.in/ {{bare URL inline\|date=May 2023}}</ref> ==

115.97.73.19: /* list of completed R&D projectshttps://www.irel.co.in/documents/20126/253901/NEW++COMPLETED+22072020-converted+%281%29.pdf {{bare URL PDF|date=May 2023}} */

2023-05-20T10:37:28Z

list of completed R&D projectshttps://www.irel.co.in/documents/20126/253901/NEW++COMPLETED+22072020-converted+%281%29.pdf {{bare URL PDF|date=May 2023}}

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	# Suitability of rare earth drum magnetic separator to increase plant efficiency at IREL, Chavara.		# Suitability of rare earth drum magnetic separator to increase plant efficiency at IREL, Chavara.

	===list of ongoing R&D projects~~===~~<ref>https://www.irel.co.in/documents/20126/253901/ONGOING+NEW+22072020-converted.pdf/9e4ca634-a7ac-d7cd-08aa-5f54ab723feb?t=1595372139978</ref>		===list of ongoing R&D projects<ref>https://www.irel.co.in/documents/20126/253901/ONGOING+NEW+22072020-converted.pdf/9e4ca634-a7ac-d7cd-08aa-5f54ab723feb?t=1595372139978</ref>===

	#Design, Fabrication and Installation of 10 ton Batch Reactor and Its Associated Systems for Monazite Digestion with Sulphuric Acid.		#Design, Fabrication and Installation of 10 ton Batch Reactor and Its Associated Systems for Monazite Digestion with Sulphuric Acid.

115.97.73.19: /* list of ongoing R&D projects */

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list of ongoing R&D projects

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	# Suitability of rare earth drum magnetic separator to increase plant efficiency at IREL, Chavara.		# Suitability of rare earth drum magnetic separator to increase plant efficiency at IREL, Chavara.

	===list of ongoing R&D projects===		===list of ongoing R&D projects===<ref>https://www.irel.co.in/documents/20126/253901/ONGOING+NEW+22072020-converted.pdf/9e4ca634-a7ac-d7cd-08aa-5f54ab723feb?t=1595372139978</ref>

	#Design, Fabrication and Installation of 10 ton Batch Reactor and Its Associated Systems for Monazite Digestion with Sulphuric Acid.		#Design, Fabrication and Installation of 10 ton Batch Reactor and Its Associated Systems for Monazite Digestion with Sulphuric Acid.

115.97.73.19: /* list of ongoing R&D projects */

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list of ongoing R&D projects

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	===list of ongoing R&D projects===		===list of ongoing R&D projects===

	#Design, Fabrication and Installation of 10 ton Batch Reactor and Its Associated		#Design, Fabrication and Installation of 10 ton Batch Reactor and Its Associated Systems for Monazite Digestion with Sulphuric Acid.
	Systems for Monazite Digestion with Sulphuric Acid.		#Pilot Plant Production and Value Addition to Fully/Partially stabilized zirconia suitable for different advanced technology applications.
	#Pilot Plant Production and Value Addition to Fully/Partially stabilized zirconia		#Development of self cleaning coatings on glass using TiO2 Nano particles developed at IREL.
	suitable for different advanced technology applications.		#Processing of NIR reflective CeO2 nanoparticles for energy saving glaze coatings and cool textiles.
	#Development of self cleaning coatings on glass using TiO2 Nano particles
	developed at IREL.
	#Processing of NIR reflective CeO2 nanoparticles for energy saving glaze coatings
	and cool textiles.
	#Sinterability and product development based on zirconia to be supplied by IREL.		#Sinterability and product development based on zirconia to be supplied by IREL.
	#Treatment of Wastewater containing primary amines using novel approach of		#Treatment of Wastewater containing primary amines using novel approach of combined hydrodynamic cavitation and oxidation processes.
	combined hydrodynamic cavitation and oxidation processes.
	#Extraction of Neodymium metal By Molten Salt Electrolytic Process.		#Extraction of Neodymium metal By Molten Salt Electrolytic Process.
	#Flow sheet for production of 99.99 % Gadolinium oxide and 99.99% Europium		#Flow sheet for production of 99.99 % Gadolinium oxide and 99.99% Europium oxide from Gadolinium concentrate by solvent extraction.
	oxide from Gadolinium concentrate by solvent extraction.		#Eco-friendly Natural Dyeing of Cotton and Silk using Rare Earths Metal Salts as Mordants.
	#Eco-friendly Natural Dyeing of Cotton and Silk using Rare Earths Metal Salts as
	Mordants.

	==Finance==		==Finance==

115.97.73.19: /* R & D */

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R & D

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 # Improving recovery of heavy minerals at IREL plants using spiral separators.
 # Suitability of rare earth drum magnetic separator to increase plant efficiency at IREL, Chavara.
 ==Finance==

115.97.73.19: /* IRERC, Kollam */

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IRERC, Kollam

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	===IRERC, Kollam===		===IRERC, Kollam===

	~~The~~ Corporate Research Centre is located at [[Kollam]], [[Kerala]]<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/apr102009/1002.pdf \|title=1002.PDF \| apr102009 \| currsci \| Indian Academy of Sciences \|access-date=10 July 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109155615/https://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/apr102009/1002.pdf \|archive-date=9 January 2019 \|url-status=dead \|df=dmy-all }}</ref> and carries out research in the field of value added products from ~~beach sand minerals~~, undertakes consultancy projects on mineral separation and flow sheet development, carrying out mineral analysis and caters to the needs of internal and external customers.<ref>~~{{cite web \|url=http~~://www.irel.~~gov~~.in/~~scripts~~/~~unit~~.~~asp \|title=Indian Rare Earths~~ Limited ~~- About Us \|publisher=Irel.gov.~~in ~~\|access-date=10 July 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web~~.~~archive.org~~/~~web/20160113114214/http://www~~.~~irel~~.~~gov~~.in~~/scripts/unit~~.~~asp \|archive-date=13 January 2016 \|df=dmy-all }}</ref>~~		Corporate Research Centre is located at Kollam, Kerala and carries out research in the field of value-added products from processed Minerals, undertakes consultancy projects on mineral separation and flow-sheet development, carrying out mineral analysis and caters to the needs of internal and external customers. It is engaged in various R&D activities such as processing of Monazite by alternate route, processing of nano rare earth materials and other value addition on minerals with the ultimate objective of commercialization. The Research centre also coordinates the research activities of RED, Aluva and Technical Services Division at OSCOM, Chatrapur, Orissa. This Research Centre was earlier known as Mineral Research and Development Centre since 1991 and later renamed as Indian Rare Earths Research Centre from July 2003. This Centre is also certified with ISO 9001.<ref>https://www.irel.co.in/irerc</ref>

			With the objective of promoting Industrial scale R&D that would be beneficial to its overall program in terms of nuclear and related materials. IREL (India) Limited Technology Development Council (IRELTDC) was constituted in 2006 by the Secretary, DAE with members from BARC, IGCAR, CSIR and other leading Institutions.

			The Research Centre is equipped with various equipments and instruments like magnetic, gravity, electrostatic separators, floatation cells, grinding mills, vacuum filters, mixer settlers, ion exchange columns, particle size analyzer, XRD/XRF, thermal analyzer, ICP atomic absorption spectrometers, UV spectrometers, petrological microscopes, etc. for various analytical and research purposes.

			The annual safety audit of all the operating units is carried out every year with the objective of improving the overall safety standards and increasing safety awareness among the employees. The Audit Committee, consisting of External experts, Heads of safety from all the units and the Head of the Corporate Safety, recommends for the CMD’s Shield in various categories; Safety, Housekeeping, Environment & Energy.

	==R & D==		==R & D==

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 The Corporate Research Centre is located at [[Kollam]], [[Kerala]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/apr102009/1002.pdf |title=1002.PDF &#124; apr102009 &#124; currsci &#124; Indian Academy of Sciences |access-date=10 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109155615/https://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/apr102009/1002.pdf |archive-date=9 January 2019 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and carries out research in the field of value added products from beach sand minerals, undertakes consultancy projects on mineral separation and flow sheet development, carrying out mineral analysis and caters to the needs of internal and external customers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irel.gov.in/scripts/unit.asp |title=Indian Rare Earths Limited - About Us |publisher=Irel.gov.in |access-date=10 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113114214/http://www.irel.gov.in/scripts/unit.asp |archive-date=13 January 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}

115.97.73.19: /* Orissa Sand Complex (OSCOM) and OSCOM - Rare Earth Extraction Plant(REEP) */

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Orissa Sand Complex (OSCOM) and OSCOM - Rare Earth Extraction Plant(REEP)

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	From 1 May 2015 it started commercial operation of Monazite Processing Plant at Orissa to process 10000tpa monazite to produce 11220tpa of rare earth chloride, 13500 tri-sodium phosphate, 26tpa NGADU etc. Similarly High Pure Rare Earth facility also commenced operation to refine pure rare earth compounds. In 2013 [[Gopalpur port]] shipped 7,500 metric tonne of ilmenite from Orissa Sand Complex (OSCOM) to South Korea for the first time after IREL started the operation.<ref>{{cite news \| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/gopalpur-port-begins-operations/articleshow/20288883.cms \| title=Gopalpur Port begins operations \| newspaper=The Times of India \| date=27 May 2013 }}</ref>Monazite deposit in Odisha contains rare earths like, [[Lanthanum]], [[Cerium]], [[Praseodymium]], [[Neodymium]] etc. It also contains [[Thorium]] which is a "prescribed substance", the list of which was revised in 2006 under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962.<ref>https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/countrys-only-monazite-processing-plant-goes-on-stream-115100900778_1.html</reF>		From 1 May 2015 it started commercial operation of Monazite Processing Plant at Orissa to process 10000tpa monazite to produce 11220tpa of rare earth chloride, 13500 tri-sodium phosphate, 26tpa NGADU etc. Similarly High Pure Rare Earth facility also commenced operation to refine pure rare earth compounds. In 2013 [[Gopalpur port]] shipped 7,500 metric tonne of ilmenite from Orissa Sand Complex (OSCOM) to South Korea for the first time after IREL started the operation.<ref>{{cite news \| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/gopalpur-port-begins-operations/articleshow/20288883.cms \| title=Gopalpur Port begins operations \| newspaper=The Times of India \| date=27 May 2013 }}</ref>Monazite deposit in Odisha contains rare earths like, [[Lanthanum]], [[Cerium]], [[Praseodymium]], [[Neodymium]] etc. It also contains [[Thorium]] which is a "prescribed substance", the list of which was revised in 2006 under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962.<ref>https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/countrys-only-monazite-processing-plant-goes-on-stream-115100900778_1.html</reF>

	IREL has set up a Rare Earth Extraction plant (REEP) producing mixed Rare Earth chloride (MRCL) Tri-sodium phosphate etc, at its unit OSCOM Odisha. MRCL produced from the above plant is processed at IREL’s plant at Rare Earth Division (RED) in Aluva Kerala for producing separated High Pure Rare Earth (HPRE) Oxides/Compounds.Rare Earth processing unit having installed capacity of 11200 tpa mixed Rare Earth Chlorides was commissioned in the year 2015-16.<ref>https://www.irel.co.in/oscom-rare-earth-extraction-plant {{bare URL inline\|date=May 2023}}</ref>		IREL has set up a ''Rare Earth Extraction plant (REEP)'' producing mixed Rare Earth chloride (MRCL) Tri-sodium phosphate etc, at its unit OSCOM Odisha. MRCL produced from the above plant is processed at IREL’s plant at Rare Earth Division (RED) in Aluva Kerala for producing separated High Pure Rare Earth (HPRE) Oxides/Compounds.Rare Earth processing unit having installed capacity of 11200 tpa mixed Rare Earth Chlorides was commissioned in the year 2015-16.<ref>https://www.irel.co.in/oscom-rare-earth-extraction-plant {{bare URL inline\|date=May 2023}}</ref>

	===Manavalakurichi unit (MK)===		===Manavalakurichi unit (MK)===

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	\| key_people = D. Singh <br> ([[Chairman]] & [[Managing director\|MD]])		\| key_people = D. Singh <br> ([[Chairman]] & [[Managing director\|MD]])
	\| industry = [[Mining]]		\| industry = [[Mining]]
	\| products = [[Ilmenite]] <br>[[Rutile]]<br>[[Zircon]]<br>[[Garnet]]<br>[[Sillimanite]]<br>[[Lanthanum carbonate]]<br>[[Cerium(III) carbonate]] <br> Ndpr Oxalate<br>[[Thorium(IV) nitrate]]<br>[[Trisodium phosphate]]<br>Rare Earth Chloride		\| products = [[Ilmenite]] <br>[[Rutile]]<br>[[Zircon]]<br>[[Garnet]]<br>[[Sillimanite]]<br>[[Lanthanum carbonate]]<br>[[Cerium(III) carbonate]]<br>[[Neodymium]]<br>[[Praseodymium]]<br>[[Samarium]]<br>[[Gadolinium]]<br>[[Yttrium]]<br> Ndpr Oxalate<br>[[Thorium(IV) nitrate]]<br>[[Trisodium phosphate]]<br>Rare Earth Chloride
	\| revenue = {{increase}}{{INRConvert\|816.63\|c}} (2019) <ref name="Balance Sheet 2019">[https://irel.co.in/documents/20126/114997/IREL+AR+18-19+Webfile.pdf/d61cbaae-fddb-f274-a2af-c3596ebc3f96?t=1592994698374 "Balance Sheet 31.03.2019"].</ref>		\| revenue = {{increase}}{{INRConvert\|816.63\|c}} (2019) <ref name="Balance Sheet 2019">[https://irel.co.in/documents/20126/114997/IREL+AR+18-19+Webfile.pdf/d61cbaae-fddb-f274-a2af-c3596ebc3f96?t=1592994698374 "Balance Sheet 31.03.2019"].</ref>
	\| operating_income = {{increase}}{{INRConvert\|200.64\|c}} (2019)<ref name="Balance Sheet 2019"/>		\| operating_income = {{increase}}{{INRConvert\|200.64\|c}} (2019)<ref name="Balance Sheet 2019"/>

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 '''IREL (India) Limited''' '''(Formally Indian Rare Earths Limited)''' is a [[government-owned corporation]] Mini-Ratna Category A, Schedule B Company, in India based in [[Mumbai]]. It was incorporated as a public limited company in 1950, jointly owned by the [[Government of India]] and Government of Travancore, Kochi with the primary intention of taking up commercial scale processing of [[Monazite]]. [[Government of India]] took control of IREL in 1963 under the administrative control of [[Department of Atomic Energy]] ([[Department of Atomic Energy|DAE]]). It was incorporated with the primary intention of taking up commercial scale processing of monazite sand at its first unit namely Rare Earths Division (RED), [[Aluva]], [[Kochi]] for the recovery of [[thorium]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp |title=About Us |publisher=Irel.gov.in |date=18 August 1950 |access-date=10 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903140542/http://irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp |archive-date=3 September 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
-IREL commissioned its largest division called Orissa Sand Complex (OSCOM)<ref>{{cite web |author=DAE |url=http://www.dae.gov.in/ar2001/irel.htm |title=Indian Rare Earths Limited |publisher=Dae.gov.in |access-date=10 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100915061434/http://www.dae.gov.in/ar2001/irel.htm |archive-date=15 September 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> at [[Chhatrapur]], [[Odisha, India|Odisha]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/21/stories/2010052151330300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106065843/http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/21/stories/2010052151330300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 November 2012 |title=Other States / Orissa News : Drinking water projects inaugurated in three villages |date=21 May 2010 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=10 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.orissalinks.com/orissagrowth/topics/investments-and-investment-plans-in-orissa/central-public-sector/indian-rare-earths-ltd|title=___________   » Indian Rare Earths Ltd|access-date=11 February 2017}}</ref> Today IREL operates these four units along with a corporate office in [[Mumbai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isis-online.org/publications/southasia/indianprocurement.pdf |title=In 1986x, Indian Rare Earth Ltd |format=PDF |access-date=10 July 2010}}</ref> and a unit located in [[Manavalakurichi]] of [[Kanyakumari district]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp|title=About Us|access-date=11 February 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903140542/http://irel.gov.in/scripts/about_us.asp|archive-date=3 September 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It produces/sells six heavy minerals namely [[ilmenite]], [[rutile]], [[zircon]], [[monazite]], [[sillimanite]], and [[garnet]] as well as various value added products. From 1 May 2015 it started commercial operation of Monazite Processing Plant at Orissa to process 10000tpa monazite to produce 11220tpa of rare earth chloride, 13500 tri-sodium phosphate, 26tpa NGADU etc. Similarly High Pure Rare Earth facility also commenced operation to refine pure rare earth compounds.
+== list of units <ref>https://www.irel.co.in/ {{bare URL inline|date=May 2023}}</ref> ==
 ==References==