>Kleinpecan: Reverted edits by AJAY9014 (talk) to last version by Eteethan

2021-07-06T08:22:07Z

Reverted edits by AJAY9014 (talk) to last version by Eteethan

New page

{{Short description|1996 film by S. Shankar}}
{{About|the Tamil film|the Hindi film with the same name|Indian (2001 film)|other uses|Indian (disambiguation)}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Indian
| image = Indian 1996 poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[S. Shankar]]
| producer = [[A. M. Rathnam]]
| writer = [[Sujatha Rangarajan]] {{small|''(Dialogue)''}}
| screenplay = S. Shankar
| story = S. Shankar
| starring = {{plainlist|
* [[Kamal Haasan]]
* [[Manisha Koirala]]
* [[Urmila Matondkar]]
* [[Sukanya (actress)|Sukanya]]
}}
| music = [[A. R. Rahman]]
| cinematography = [[Jeeva (director)|Jeeva]]
| editing = [[B. Lenin]] [[V. T. Vijayan]]
| studio = Sri Surya Movies
| distributor = Sri Surya Movies
| released = {{Film date|1996|05|09|df=y}}
| runtime = 185 minutes
| language = Tamil
| country = India
}}

'''''Indian''''' ({{audio|Ta-இந்தியன்.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a 1996 Indian [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]]-language [[vigilante film|vigilante]] [[action film]] written and directed by [[S. Shankar|Shankar]] and produced by [[A. M. Rathnam]]. The film stars [[Kamal Haasan]] in dual roles opposite [[Manisha Koirala]], [[Urmila Matondkar]] and [[Sukanya (actress)|Sukanya]]. [[Nedumudi Venu]] appears in a pivotal role. The film's score and soundtrack are composed by [[A. R. Rahman]], while cinematography was handled by [[Jeeva (director)|Jeeva]].

The film focuses on an ex-freedom fighter turned vigilante bent on rooting out corruption, and his son, who is at the other end of the spectrum by facilitating corrupt practices leading to some unfortunate events. He is well trained in [[Varma kalai]], an ancient lethal martial art used for close-quarters combat (Choreographed by Aasan R. Rajendran).<ref>{{cite news|title=Varmakkalai Choreography details |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=28 April 2003 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/lf/2003/04/28/stories/2003042805570200.htm}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hindustani Movie |website=[[IMDb]]|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0116630/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ramanujam|first=Srinivasa|date=2021-05-05|title=25 years of ‘Indian’: Meet ‘Aasaan’ Rajendran, who taught ‘varmakkalai’ to Kamal Haasan|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/how-kamal-haasan-learnt-varmakkalai-for-indian/article34489479.ece|access-date=2021-05-08|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

The film opened to critical acclaim on the way to becoming a commercial blockbuster in the Tamil film industry. ''Indian'' was selected by [[List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|India as its entry]] for the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]] for the [[Academy Awards]] in 1996, but was [[List of Academy Award winners and nominees for Best Foreign Language Film|not nominated]].<ref>Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences</ref><ref name="69thSubmissions">{{cite web|title=39 Countries Hoping for Oscar Nominations |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |date=13 November 1996 |url=http://www.oscars.org/pressreleases/96.11.13.html |access-date=5 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990209110950/http://www.oscars.org/pressreleases/96.11.13.html |archive-date=9 February 1999 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The film also went on to win three [[National Film Awards]] including that of Best Actor for Kamal Haasan's portrayal, while his performance also saw him win at the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Filmfare Awards]] and the Tamil Nadu film fare award. It was the highest-grossing Tamil film upon its release, beating the collections of ''[[Baashha]]'' until surpassed by ''[[Chandramukhi]]'' nine years later.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dhananjayan |first=G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e07vBwAAQBAJ|title=PRIDE OF TAMIL CINEMA: 1931 TO 2013: Tamil Films that have earned National and International Recognition |date=2014-11-03 |publisher=Blue Ocean Publishers |isbn=978-93-84301-05-7 |location=Chennai |pages=352 |language=en}}</ref>

==Plot==
A series of murders take place in [[Avadi]], [[Chennai]], in the same pattern; stabbing by a knife. Each time the victim is paralysed before being killed. Police, led by [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]] officer Krishnaswamy, suspect several people, and they narrow down the killer by his age, which should be more than 70 years based on the writing style of a letter left behind by the killer while murdering his most recent victim, an officer in the [[government]] treasury. The officer is killed by an old man who is later known to be Senapathy, a veteran Indian freedom fighter who was a member of the [[Indian National Army]] led by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]], for threatening a poor old woman to bribe him to hand over compensation amount of {{INR}}10,000 given by the government as her husband got killed in a riot.

Chandrabose alias Chandru is a small-time [[broker]] stationed outside the [[Regional Transport Office]] at Chennai, who, along with his assistant Subbaiah, aid people in greasing the right officials inside the RTO for getting permits and licenses. Subbaiah and Paneerselvam, an RTO official, are engaged in regular tiffs. At the same time, Aishwarya, Chandru's love interest and an avid animal rights activist, also battles it out with Sapna, a medical student and the daughter of an RTO official, for Chandru's affection. Chandru hobnobs with Sapna and her family to secure a job as a brake inspector at the RTO. Aishwarya is irked by the fact that Sapna, as well as her mother, are exploiting Chandru's situation, getting him to do grocery shopping, laundry, and almost every household chore. But eventually, Sapna realises that Chandru loves Aishwarya and gives up her love. It is soon revealed that Chandru is none other than Senapathy's son. They both had fallen out due to Senapathy's excessive insistence on honesty and righteousness, which Chandru considers to be dead and worthless.

Meanwhile, Krishnaswamy manages to trace his way to Senapathy's house. When he tries to arrest Senapathy, Senapathy and his wife Amirthavalli, a puppeteer, escape with his expertise in [[Varma kalai]]. Senapathy then goes on to commit a murder in front of television audiences by killing a corrupt doctor, who refused to treat Senapathy's daughter Kasturi, who was suffering from [[third-degree burns]], because he insisted on a bribe which Senapathy refused, thus killing her. Public support surges for Senapathy as he exposes so many corrupt people. Senapathy does not do his son any favours either. Chandru, who managed to bribe his way to a brake inspector job, takes a bribe and gives a safety certificate to a bus with faulty brakes, which eventually kills 40 school children it is carrying, plus the driver driving it. But, Chandru tries to put the blame on the bus driver for drunk driving and manages to bribe a police officer and a doctor on the same. Senapathy is bent on giving Chandru the same punishment as he gives others, i.e., death. Despite pleas from Amirthavalli and Aishwarya to spare Chandru's life, Senapathy heads for the [[Chennai International Airport|airport]] where Chandru is attempting to flee to [[Mumbai]]. A chase then culminates at the airport, where Senapathy kills Chandru and apparently dies in an explosion involving an aeroplane. However, Krishnaswamy, on investigating the recorded footage, discovers that Senapathy escaped moments before the jeep exploded.

The [[epilogue]] shows Senapathy calling Krishnaswamy from [[Hong Kong]] indicating that [[Indian 2|he will be back when the need for him would arise]].

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Kamal Haasan]] as Senathipathy (Indian) and Chandrabose alias Chandru (dual role)
* [[Sukanya (actress)|Sukanya]] as Amrithavalli, Senathipathy's wife
* [[Kasthuri (actress)|Kasthuri]] as Kasturi, Senathipathy's daughter & Chandru's sister
* [[Manisha Koirala]] as Aishwarya ( [[Voice over]] by [[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]])
* [[Urmila Matondkar]] as Sapna ( [[Voice over]] by [[Bhanupriya]])
* [[Nedumudi Venu]] as Krishnasamy ( [[Voice over]] [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]])
* [[Goundamani]] as Subbaiah
* [[Senthil]] as Panneerselvam
* [[Nizhalgal Ravi]] as Corrupt doctor
* [[Crazy Mohan]] as Parthasarathy
* [[Omakuchi Narasimhan]] as Lorry driver
* [[Ajay Rathnam]] as Freedom Fighter
* [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]] as Kuppamma
* [[Bala Singh]] as Treasury department officer
* [[Ponnambalam (actor)|Ponnambalam]] as "Kada" Kumar
* [[Mahanadi Shankar]]
* [[Chokkalinga Bhagavathar]]
* [[Vikram Dharma]]
* [[Kovai Senthil]]
* [[Aruna Irani]] as Gulabo Ram. Khilawan (Hindi version only)
* [[S. Shankar]] in a special appearance
{{colend}}

==Production==
[[File: Sydney Harbour Bridge from Circular Quay.jpg|thumb|right|Sydney Harbour Bridge is seen in the song "Telephone Manipol"]]
Soon after the release of ''[[Gentleman (1993 film)|Gentleman]]'' (1993), [[S. Shankar|Shankar]] narrated a script titled ''Periya Manushan'' to actor [[Rajinikanth]], but the pair did not end up collaborating.<ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/rajinikanth-was-shankar-s-first-choice-for-indian-but-superstar-turned-it-down-1433630-2019-01-18</ref> He then considered making the film in Telugu with [[Rajasekhar (actor)|Rajasekhar]] in a leading role, alongside either [[Akkineni Nagarjuna|Nagarjuna]] or [[Daggubati Venkatesh|Venkatesh]], but the plans did not materialise. In June 1995, producer [[A. M. Rathnam]] signed on Shankar to make the venture featuring leading actor [[Kamal Haasan]] in the lead role. The film, retitled as ''Indian'', was initially reported to be loosely based on the life of prominent [[Indian freedom fighter]], [[Subhas Chandra Bose]].<ref name="news">{{cite web|url=https://groups.google.com/group/soc.culture.tamil/browse_thread/thread/d443e6a441835848/661f147d5a971af3?lnk=gst&q=#661f147d5a971af3 |title=Google Groups |access-date=2015-06-10}}</ref>

Shankar tried to cast [[Aishwarya Rai]] to make her debut and portray the leading female role. Still, her commitment to her advertisement agency until October 1995 meant that she was unavailable to sign the film.<ref name="news"/> Subsequently, [[Manisha Koirala]], who appeared in the critically acclaimed 1995 [[Mani Ratnam]] film ''[[Bombay (film)|Bombay]]'' was selected as the lead heroine. The producers signed on [[Raadhika]] to play the pair of the older Kamal Haasan in the film, but her television commitments meant that she was unable to sign a contract. [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]]'s sister subsequently replaced her, only for Shankar to throw her out for missing a day's schedule to attend her wedding. The role was finally handed to [[Sukanya (actress)|Sukanya]], who had previously appeared alongside Kamal Haasan in ''[[Mahanadhi]]''.<ref name="news"/> Hindi actress [[Urmila Matondkar]] was signed to play a role in the film after the producers were impressed with her performance and the success of her 1995 Hindi film, ''[[Rangeela (1995 film)|Rangeela]]''. Nasser was chosen to portray an important character in the film; however, as he was busy with other films, he could not accept the offer instead, he provided a voice for Nedumudi Venu. Then Shankar hired Malayalam famous character artist Nadimudu Venu to play the role. The producers engaged [[Hollywood]] make-up artistes [[Michael Westmore]] and Michael Jones to work on the designs for the senior Kamal Haasan's and Sukanya's look in the film.<ref name="newstwo">{{cite web| url = https://groups.google.com/group/soc.culture.tamil/browse_thread/thread/f7c3c10ba5dd3087/5d1d1219418d2c3f?lnk=gst&q=#5d1d1219418d2c3f |title=Tamil Movie News-Pudhu Edition(Cont.) - soc.culture.tamil | Google Groups |date=29 March 1996 |access-date=16 January 2013}}</ref>

For production work, Shankar visited [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]] to learn about new technology and purchased cameras for the production. Furthermore, the director visited Australia alongside cinematographer [[Jeeva (director)|Jeeva]] and music director [[A. R. Rahman]] to location hunt and to compose tunes.<ref name="news"/> The film's unit were given strict orders to maintain privacy, with Hindi actor [[Jackie Shroff]] being notably turned away from visiting the shooting spot. A song for the film was shot at [[Prasad Studios]] featuring Kamal Haasan and Urmila Matondkar alongside 70 Bombay models.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://groups.google.com/group/soc.culture.tamil/browse_thread/thread/aa12e2da5d167389/24db2c43c9bde581?lnk=gst&q=#24db2c43c9bde581 |title=Tamil Movie News-Pudhu Edition — soc.culture.tamil | Google Groups |date=3 February 1996 |access-date=16 January 2013}}</ref> This led to a protest from the Cine Dancers Union who argued that Tamil dancers should have been utilised instead, with Shankar opting to pay them off to avoid further hassle. Another duet between Kamal Haasan and Manisha Koirala was shot near the [[Sydney Opera House]] in [[Sydney]] and [[Canberra]] for fifteen days.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/entertai/apr/04sank.htm |title=Rediff On The Net, Movies:An interview with Shankar |work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=1997-04-04 |access-date=2015-06-10}}</ref> A flashback song was canned with four hundred dancers and a thousand extras at [[Gingee]] with Kamal Haasan and Sukanya, while another song featured shooting in [[Jodhpur]], [[Rajasthan]].<ref name="news"/><ref name="newstwo"/> Graphic designer Venky noted that ''Indian'' was his most difficult project to date (in 1997) with a scene constructed to feature Kamal Haasan's character alongside freedom fighter, [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]. Venky had to remove blemishes on the film reel of Bose provided by the Film Division's archive before merging Kamal Haasan on to the shot to make it appear that the pair were marching in tandem.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/nov/04ven.htm |title=Rediff On The Net, Movies: An interview with special effects whiz Venky |work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=1997-11-04 |access-date=2015-06-10}}</ref>

It was the [[List of most expensive Indian films|most expensive Indian film]] at the time. According to an estimate by film critic [[G. Dhananjayan]], the production budget was approximately {{INR|80 million}}.<ref name="Dhananjayan"/> [[Rediff.com]] estimates the film's budget to be {{INR|150 million}}<ref name="budget">{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/birthday-special-kamal-haasans-five-decades-of-excellence/20141107.htm|title=Birthday Special: Kamal Haasan's 60 years of excellence|work=[[Rediff.com]]|last=Saraswathi|first=S|date=7 November 2014|access-date=6 May 2017}}</ref> ({{US$|{{#expr:150/35.43 round 2}} million|long=no}}).<ref name="currency">{{cite web |title=Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.FCRF?end=1996&locations=IN&start=1995 |website=[[World Bank]] |year=1996 |access-date=14 January 2019}}</ref> The music video for "Akadanu Naanga" directed by Padam Kumar and choreographed by [[Vaibhavi Merchant]], cost about {{INR|15 million}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Chopra |first=Anupama |author-link=Anupama Chopra |title=Film scripts demand extravagant song sequences to make box office jingle |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-the-arts/films/story/19970315-film-scripts-demand-extravagant-song-sequences-to-make-box-office-jingle-831176-1997-03-15 |access-date=25 April 2013 |work=[[India Today]] |date=15 March 1997}}</ref> ({{US$|{{#expr:15000000/35.43 round 0}}|long=no}}),<ref name="currency"/> equivalent to {{INR|{{Inflation|IN|15|1996}} million}} ({{US$|{{To USD|{{Inflation|IN|15000000|1996}}|IND|round=yes}}|long=no}}) adjusted for inflation.

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Indian
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[A. R. Rahman]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 1996
| recorded = [[Panchathan Record Inn]]
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 30:05
| label = [[Pyramid Saimira|Pyramid]] Ayngaran Music Star Music [[Sa Re Ga Ma]] [[Aditya Music]] [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] [[Tips Industries|TIPS]]
| producer = [[A. R. Rahman]]
| prev_title = [[Love Birds (1996 film)|Love Birds]]
| prev_year = 1996
| next_title = [[Kadhal Desam]]
| next_year = 1996
| misc = {{External media
| audio1 = {{YouTube|JIEEGSNcAb0|Audio Jukebox {{small|(Tamil)}}}}
| audio2 = {{YouTube|naFejM5HQaY&t|Audio Jukebox {{small|(Telugu)}}}}
| audio3 = {{YouTube|AXqW-fYmKw8|Audio Jukebox {{small|(Hindi)}}}}
}}
}}

The soundtrack album includes five tracks composed by [[A. R. Rahman]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian soundtrack by Rahman|publisher=A.R.Rahman Official Website|url=http://www.arrahman.com/v2/discography/films-tamil-indian.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913074208/http://www.arrahman.com/v2/discography/films-tamil-indian.html|archive-date=13 September 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and was released in 1996 by [[Pyramid Saimira|Pyramid]].<ref name="Release">{{cite web|title=Indian release history|publisher=Tripod|url=http://gopalhome.tripod.com/arrdisc.html}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tamilsonglyrics.org/indian-tamil-movie-songs-lyrics/|title=Indian Tamil movie songs lyrics|access-date=13 January 2015|publisher=tamilsonglyrics|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113161012/http://www.tamilsonglyrics.org/indian-tamil-movie-songs-lyrics/|archive-date=13 January 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The soundtrack proved successful upon release and was also released in [[Hindi language|Hindi]] as ''Hindustani'' by [[Tips Industries|TIPS]]<ref name="Release"/> and in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as ''Bharateeyudu'' by [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]].<ref name="Release" /> The lyrics were written by [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] and [[Vairamuthu]] for the original version, P. K. Mishra for ''Hindustani'' and Bhuvanachandra for ''Bharateeyudu''.

The Tamil soundtrack of ''Indian'' was a major success, having sold about 600,000 records within days of release.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/03/stories/2003070300410200.htm|title=Singing a different tune|work=The Hindu|access-date=3 July 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040501172520/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/07/03/stories/2003070300410200.htm|archive-date=1 May 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Hindi soundtrack, called ''Hindustani'', sold a further 1.8{{nbsp}}million units,<ref name="boi90s">{{cite web|title=Music Hits 1990-1999 (Figures in Units)|url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=284&catName=MTk5MC0xOTk5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102010439/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=284&catName=MTk5MC0xOTk5|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 January 2010|website=[[Box Office India]]}}</ref> bringing total sales to at least 2.4{{nbsp}}million units.

{{tracklist
| headline = Track listing for ''Indian'' (Tamil)
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Akadanu Naanga
| extra1 = [[Swarnalatha]]
| length1 = 5:44
| lyrics1 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]
| title2 = Maya Machindra
| extra2 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Swarnalatha
| length2 = 5:37
| lyrics2 = Vaali
| title3 = Pachai Kiligal
| extra3 = [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[Nirmala Seshadri]]
| length3 = 5:50
| lyrics3 = [[Vairamuthu]]
| title4 = Telephone Manipol
| extra4 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]], [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
| length4 = 6:15
| lyrics4 = Vairamuthu
| title5 = Kappaleri Poyaachu
| extra5 = [[P. Susheela]], S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| length5 = 6:28
| lyrics5 = Vaali
}}

{{tracklist
| headline = Track listing for ''Hindustani'' (Hindi)
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| all_lyrics = P. K. Mishra
| title1 = Latka Dikha Diya Humne
| extra1 = [[Swarnalatha]]
| length1 = 5:44
| title2 = Maya Machindra
| extra2 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Swarnalatha
| length2 = 5:37
| title3 = Pyaare Panchhi
| extra3 = [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[Nirmala Seshadri]]
| length3 = 5:50
| title4 = Telephone Dhoon Me
| extra4 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]], [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
| length4 = 6:15
| title5 = Kashtiyaan Bhi
| extra5 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[Sadhana Sargam]]
| length5 = 6:28
}}

{{tracklist
| headline = Track listing for ''Bharateeyudu'' (Telugu)
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| all_lyrics = [[Bhuvanachandra]]
| title1 = Adireti
| extra1 = [[Swarnalatha]]
| length1 = 5:44
| title2 = Maya Machindra
| extra2 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Swarnalatha
| length2 = 5:37
| title3 = Pachani Chilukalu
| extra3 = [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[Nirmala Seshadri]]
| length3 = 5:50
| title4 = Telephone Dhwani La
| extra4 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]], [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
| length4 = 6:15
| title5 = Teppalelli Poyaka
| extra5 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[Sujatha Mohan]]
| length5 = 6:28
}}

==Release==

The film opened in May 1996 to predominantly positive reviews from critics and was commercially successful at the box office,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/slideshow/the-best-one-time-partnerships/kamal---shankar-indian.html |title=Kamal — Shankar (Indian) | The Best One-time Partnerships i love you |publisher=Behindwoods |access-date=2015-06-10}}</ref> breaking records for a Tamil film and earning over {{INR|250 million}}.<ref name="Dhananjayan">{{cite book |last1=Dhananjayan |first1=G. |title=Pride of Tamil Cinema: 1931 to 2013: Tamil Films that have earned National and International Recognition |date=2014 |publisher=Blue Ocean Publishers |page=353 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e07vBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA353}}</ref> The film ran to packed houses for several months in Tamil Nadu and was dubbed and released in Telugu as ''Bharatheeyudu''. Prior to the release of the film, the team also planned a Hindi version of the film, with a few re-shot scenes including [[Aruna Irani]] in place of Manorama. The Hindi version also fared well after its release on 23 August 1996. In 2015, the Hindi version ''Hindustani'' was screened at the Habitat Film Festival.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 10th Habitat Film Festival 2015 |url=http://www.habitatfilmclub.com/pdf/HFC_Brouchre_2015.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322032250/http://www.habitatfilmclub.com/pdf/HFC_Brouchre_2015.pdf |archive-date=22 March 2017 |access-date=27 October 2020 |publisher=Habitat Film Club}}</ref>

A critic from [[India Today]] praised Shankar's script, noting that "with the right mix of pop patriotism, anti-establishment diatribes and other commercial cinema ingredients, Shankar's latest creation has south India applauding" before adding that "the real triumph of the film is the effective make-over that believably transforms the actors".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/movie-review-s-shankar-indian-hindustani-kamalahasan-manisha-koirala/1/282191.html |title=Movie review: Indian (Hindustani), starring Kamalahasan, Manisha Koirala : FILMS|magazine=India Today|date=1996-08-15 |access-date=2015-06-10}}</ref> Another film critic wrote that "''Indian'' represents Shankar's best effort to date both in terms of the effectiveness of the message he conveys and the entertainment value of the movie as a whole", adding that "the movie features a hardhitting message as well as a great performance from Kamal as an old freedom fighter with a new agenda, impressive special effects and extravagant song sequences."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbthots.com/reviews/rewind/indian.html |title=INDIAN |publisher=Bbthots.com |access-date=2015-06-10}}</ref> The film went on to win three [[National Film Awards]]: [[National Film Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] for Kamal Haasan's portrayal, [[National Film Award for Best Art Direction|Best Art Direction]] for [[Thotta Tharani]]'s pre-independence sets and [[National Film Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]] for Venky's graphics work. It also achieved regional success, winning Best Film and Best Actor awards at both the Filmfare Awards and from the Tamil Nadu State.<ref name=et>{{cite web|url=http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/(docid)/45330DAF8370E87C652569400062014F |title=Kamal wins 17th Film fare award for role in Indian |work=Economic Times |access-date=20 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928001259/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/%28docid%29/45330DAF8370E87C652569400062014F |archive-date=28 September 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> It also became the [[List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Indian submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]] in 1997, though eventually did not make the shortlist.

== Awards ==
''Indian'' was selected by [[List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|India as its entry]] for the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]] for the [[Academy Awards]] in [[List of submissions to the 69th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film|1996]], but was [[List of Academy Award winners and nominees for Best Foreign Language Film|not nominated]].<ref name="69thSubmissions"/>

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|- style="background:#ccc; vertical-align:bottom;"
! colspan="6" style="background: LightSteelBlue;" | List of awards and nominations

|-
!scope="col"| Award
!scope="col"| Date of ceremony
!scope="col"| Category
!scope="col"| Nominee(s)
!scope="col"| Result
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}

|-
!scope="row" rowspan="3"|[[National Film Awards]]
|rowspan="3"|[[44th National Film Awards|July 1997]]
|[[National Film Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
|[[Kamal Haasan]]
|{{won}}
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" | <ref name="1997award">{{cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm44thNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=44NFA.pdf |title=Award for the Best Actor |publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals |access-date=30 July 2011 |page=22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928072421/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm44thNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=44NFA.pdf |archive-date=28 September 2011 }}</ref>
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Art Direction|Best Art Direction]]
| [[Thotta Tharani]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]]
| S. T. Venky
| {{won}}

|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]
| rowspan="2" | {{Dash}}
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film|Best Film {{small|(First prize)}}]]
| [[A. M. Rathnam]] as a producer
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dinakaran.com/cinema/english/awards/1996awards.htm |title=1996 State Awards|publisher=[[Dinakaran]]|access-date=2009-08-11 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/19990203152338/http://www.dinakaran.com/cinema/english/awards/1996awards.htm |archive-date = 1999-02-03}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
| [[Kamal Haasan]]
| {{won}}

|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2"|[[Filmfare Awards South]]
|rowspan="2"|[[44th Filmfare Awards South|30 August 1997]]
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film – Tamil]]
|[[A. M. Rathnam]] as a producer
|{{won}}
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmfare.com:80/site/october97/south3b.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991103152849/http://www.filmfare.com/site/october97/south3b.htm|archive-date=3 November 1999|title=Filmfare - South Special|date=3 November 1999|access-date=22 January 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmfare.com:80/site/october97/south3f.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991018182845/http://www.filmfare.com/site/october97/south3f.htm|archive-date=18 October 1999|title=Filmfare - South Special|date=18 October 1999|access-date=22 January 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=et />
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Actor – Tamil]]
|[[Kamal Haasan]]
|{{won}}

|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Cinema Express Awards]]
| rowspan="2" | {{Dash}}
| [[Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film]]
| [[A. M. Rathnam]] as a producer
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |
|-
| [[Cinema Express Award for Best Actor – Tamil|Best Actor]]
| [[Kamal Haasan]]
| {{won}}
|}

==Sequel==
{{main article|Indian 2}}
In 2011, producer A. M. Rathnam discussed the idea of a sequel to this project as anti-corruption leaders like [[Anna Hazare]] were becoming active.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/sep-11-01/shankar-vijay-03-09-11.html|title=Shankar to work on Indian sequel?|publisher=Behindwoods|access-date=3 September 2011|date=3 September 2011}}</ref> In September 2017, a sequel was announced jointly by Shankar and Haasan, with [[Dil Raju]] handling production.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kamal-haasan-shankar-to-reunite-for-indian-2/article19777753.ece |title=Kamal Haasan, Shankar to reunite for 'Indian 2' |date=30 September 2017 |work=The Hindu}}</ref> It entered production after Haasan completed work on ''[[Vishwaroopam II]]'' and ''[[Sabaash Naidu]]'' as ''[[Indian 2]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kamal-haasan-wrap-up-vishwaroopam-2-sabash-naidu-indian-2/1/1060381.html |title=Kamal Haasan to wrap up Vishwaroopam 2 and Sabash Naidu before Indian 2 |date=2017-10-03 |work=India Today |access-date=2017-10-03}}</ref> The following month, Raju left the film which was then picked up by [[Lyca Productions]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/dil-raju-reveals-the-reason-for-handing-over-indian-2-to-lyca-productions.html|title=Dil Raju reveals the reason for handing over Indian 2 to Lyca Productions|date=21 October 2017}}</ref> The film features Haasan reprising his role as the titular character along with new addition of actors including [[Siddharth (actor)|Siddharth]], [[Kajal Aggarwal]], and many others. The soundtrack will be scored by [[Anirudh Ravichander]], the first time for a film starring Kamal Haasan. [[Kabilan Vairamuthu]] will be rendering his service for dialogue.

==See also==
* [[List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film]]
* [[List of submissions to the 69th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0116630|title=Indian}}

{{S. Shankar}}
{{Navboxes
|title= Awards for ''Indian''
|list=
{{FilmfareAwardBestTamilMovie}}
{{National Film Award Best Special Effects|state=collapsed}}
{{TamilNaduStateFilmAwardBestFilm}}
}}
{{Indian submission for Academy Awards}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian (Film)}}
[[Category:Films set in Chennai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Chennai]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Actor National Award-winning performance]]
[[Category:Films about corruption in India]]
[[Category:Films set in the Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:1996 films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Australia]]
[[Category:Films shot in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Indian vigilante films]]
[[Category:1990s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by A. R. Rahman]]
[[Category:Films directed by S. Shankar]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian nonlinear narrative films]]
[[Category:Films about rebellions]]
[[Category:1990s vigilante films]]
[[Category:1996 action thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian action thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian films about revenge]]
[[Category:Kalarippayattu films]]
[[Category:Central Bureau of Investigation in fiction]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Tamil Nadu Police]]
[[Category:Fictional revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Films whose production designer won the Best Production Design National Film Award]]
[[Category:Films that won the Best Special Effects National Film Award]]
[[Category:Indian martial arts films]]
[[Category:Indian National Army in fiction]]
[[Category:1996 martial arts films]]

Indian (1996 film) - Revision history

CathernQsh: cleanup

Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

>Kleinpecan: Reverted edits by AJAY9014 (talk) to last version by Eteethan