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{{Short description|1=Diplomatic relations between the Republic of India and the Sultanate of Oman}}
{{Infobox Bilateral relations|India-Oman|India|Oman|filetype=svg|mission1=Embassy of India, [[Muscat]]|mission2=Embassy of Oman, [[New Delhi]]}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2013}}
[[File:Special Envoy of the Sultan of Oman meets PM Narendra Modi.jpg|thumb|Special Envoy of the Sultan of Oman meeting Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]]; August 2014.]]
'''India–Oman relations''' are [[International relations|foreign relations]] between the [[Republic of India]] and the [[Sultanate of Oman]]. India has an embassy in [[Muscat, Oman]]. An Indian [[consulate]] was opened in Muscat in February 1955 which was upgraded to a [[consulate general]] in 1960 and later into a full-fledged embassy in 1971. The first ambassador of India arrived in Muscat in 1973.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Embassy in Muscat|url=http://www.indemb-oman.org/about.asp|access-date=20 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605145820/http://www.indemb-oman.org/about.asp|archive-date=5 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Oman established its embassy in New [[Delhi]] in 1972 and a consulate general in [[Mumbai]] in 1976. India and Oman have had trade and people-to-people ties for several millennia. Oman is home to a large Indian expatriate community and for Oman, India is an important trading partner. Politically, Oman has been supportive of India's bid for permanent membership of the [[United Nations Security Council]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Oman hails UNSC seat for India|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/oman-hails-unsc-seat-for-india/article840049.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=October 20, 2010}}</ref>

==History==
Trade between India and Oman has a history of several millenniums and archaeological excavations in Oman have unearthed evidence to show Indo-Oman trade in the during the Classical Age dated to circa third century BCE.<ref>{{cite news|title=Potsherd with Tamil-Brahmi script found in Oman|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/potsherd-with-tamilbrahmi-script-found-in-oman/article4038866.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=October 28, 2012}}</ref> Later, Oman had links with the Indian states in [[Gujarat]] and along the [[Malabar Coast]]. The Indian prince [[Tipu Sultan]] sent a diplomatic delegation to Oman during his reign. The Indian Government have received request by or on behalf of the people of Oman, for help - against the interference in Oman's internal affairs by British armed forces in 1956–57. India has received indirectly a message purporting to come from some representatives of the Imam of Oman. The Government of India have viewed with concern the news of the military action which has taken place in Oman. They have expressed to the United Kingdom Government their concern and conveyed to them public feelings in India. in regard to this action.<ref>https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/1716/1/lsd_02_02_17-08-1957.pdf page 25</ref>

== Expatriate community ==
Oman has over five hundred thousand [[Indians in Oman|Indian nationals living there]] making them the largest expatriate community in Oman. They annually remit $780 million to India.<ref>{{cite web|title=PM's speech at the Indian Community Reception in Oman|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/speech-details.php?nodeid=723|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130217230938/http://pmindia.nic.in/speech-details.php?nodeid=723|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 February 2013|access-date=20 December 2012}}</ref> India is a major destination for Omani students pursuing higher studies and in recent years there have been increasing numbers of [[Medical tourism in India|medical tourists coming into the country]] from Oman.<ref>{{cite web|title=Udupi: Omani Students Celebrate National Day at Manipal Varsity|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=68544|access-date=20 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=48 Omani students graduate in Pune|url=http://main.omanobserver.om/node/2454|access-date=20 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511210922/http://main.omanobserver.om/node/2454|archive-date=11 May 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Omanis opting for India as medical tourism destination|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-07-18/news/32731015_1_medical-tourism-visas-andhra-pradesh|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=Economic Times|date=July 18, 2012}}</ref> Oman has also been trying to promote itself as [[Tourism in Oman|a tourist destination]] in India. Annually around 12,000 Indians visit Oman on tourist visas and that number is expected to triple by 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Oman goes all out to woo Indian tourists|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/21/stories/2011012165351100.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125131910/http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/21/stories/2011012165351100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 25, 2013|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=January 21, 2011}}</ref>

== Economic relations ==
In 2010, bilateral trade between India and Oman stood at $4.5 billion. India was Oman's second largest destination for its non-oil exports and its fourth largest source for imports. Indian and Omani firms have undertaken joint ventures in a wide range of sectors including fertilisers, pharmaceuticals, energy and engineering.<ref>{{cite news|title=Big jump in India-Oman bilateral trade|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/economy/big-jump-in-indiaoman-bilateral-trade/article969758.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu Businessline}}</ref> The [[Oman-India Fertiliser Company]] (OMIFCO) plant at [[Sur, Oman|Sur]] in Oman and the [[Bharat Oman Refinery Limited|Bharat-Oman Oil Refinery]] at [[Bina Etawa|Bina]] have been set up as joint ventures between Indian public sector companies and [[Oman Oil Company]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India gives Oman nod to hike gas price for fertiliser plant|url=http://www.thehindu.com/business/article3361019.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=April 28, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Oman Oil refuses to raise stake in Bina refinery JV|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/oman-oil-refuses-to-raise-stake-in-bina-refinery-jv/347415/|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=Business Standard|date=January 29, 2009}}</ref>

===Gas pipeline===
India has been considering the construction of a 1,100-km-long underwater [[natural gas]] pipeline from Oman. Called the South Asia Gas Enterprise (SAGE), it will act as an alternative to the [[Iran–Pakistan–India pipeline]]. The project has been slow in materialising although it was first mooted in 1985.<ref>{{cite news|title=IOC seeks nod to join deep sea gas pipeline project of SAGE|url=http://www.thehindu.com/business/companies/article3547257.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=June 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=India considering deepwater gas pipeline from Oman: Report|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-09-20/news/27602807_1_gas-pipeline-south-asia-gas-enterprise-oman|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=Economic Times|date=September 20, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Oman-India Gas Pipeline Project: Need to Resurrect Again|url=http://www.ipcs.org/article/india/the-oman-india-gas-pipeline-project-need-to-resurrect-again-503.html|access-date=20 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-Iran-and-Oman-go-under-sea-to-build-pipelines-change-geopolitics/articleshow/31227746.cms |title = Yusuf bin Alawi bin Abdullah: India, Iran and Oman go under sea to build pipelines, change geopolitics | India News - Times of India}}</ref>

== {{anchor|Defence cooperation}} Defence co-operation ==
[[File:Adm RK Dhowan receiving Rear Admiral Abdullah Bin Khasim Bin Abdullah Al Raisi at South Block, New Delhi.JPG|thumb|Indian Adm. Robin Dhowan receiving Omani Rear Admiral Abdullah Bin Khasim Bin Abdullah Al Raisi at South Block, New Delhi; 7 September 2015]]
Oman is the first [[Gulf Cooperation Council|Gulf nation]] to have formalised defence relations with India. Both countries conducted joint military exercises in 2006 and subsequently signed a defense agreement.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/05/23/india%E2%80%99s-naval-modernization-program.html|title=Uganda and Burundi to Fight Islamists with US Drones|date=2011-05-23|author=Bruno de Paiva|newspaper=Jakarta Post}}</ref> Following [[Manmohan Singh|Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's]] visit to Oman in 2008, defence co-operation between the two countries was further stepped up. The Indian Navy has berthing rights in Oman,<ref>[http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/nation/north/india-set-drop-anchor-china-764 India set to drop anchor off China] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110827013028/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/nation/north/india-set-drop-anchor-china-764 |date=2011-08-27 }}. ''Deccan Chronicle'' (26 June 2011). Retrieved 6 January 2012.</ref> and has been utilising Oman's ports as bases for conducting anti-piracy operations in the [[Gulf of Aden]]. The [[Indian Air Force]] has also been holding biannual joint exercises with the [[Royal Air Force of Oman]] since 2009.<ref>{{cite news|title=Second India-Oman joint air exercises end|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/second-indiaoman-joint-air-exercises-end/article2562726.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=October 22, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=India, Oman conduct first joint air exercise|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-oman-conduct-first-joint-air-exercise/article41184.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=October 31, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=India, Oman still studying undersea pipeline|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-oman-still-studying-undersea-pipeline/article40600.ece|access-date=20 December 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=October 30, 2009}}</ref> Oman has approached India in order to fence along the Oman-Yemen border in order to protect the nation from growing unrest in Yemen.<ref>{{cite news|title=India to bag Oman-Yemen border fencing contract|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-20809-india-to-bag-oman-yemen-border-fencing-contract/}}</ref> The standard issue rifle of the [[Royal Army of Oman]] is India's [[INSAS rifle]]. India has a listening post at [[Ras al Hadd]].<ref name=OmIn4>[http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/india-activates-first-listening-post-on-foreign-soil-radars-in-madagascar/205416/ " India activates first listening post on foreign soil: radars in Madagascar"], [[Indian Express]], 18 July 2007.</ref><ref name=OmIn1>[https://closewar.com/2013/03/01/indian-listening-station-in-oman-monitoring-pakistans-naval-communications/ "Indian Listening Station In Oman Monitoring Pakistan’s Naval Communications."], [https://closewar.com/ CloseWar.Com].</ref><ref name=OmIn2>[https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/14799/naval-ties-economic-interests-drive-india-s-outreach-to-oman "."], [https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com World Politics Review], 7 January 2015.</ref><ref name=OmIn3>[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indian-ocean-narendra-modi-significant-toeholds/1/426012.html "India's string of flowers:India obtains two strategically significant toeholds in the Indian Ocean."], [[India Today]], 27 March 2015.</ref> and birthing rights for the Indian Navy at [[Mascat]] naval base.<ref name=IOMB1>[http://www.defencenews.in/article/Overseas-Military-Bases-of-a-budding-Super-Power---India-119322 Overseas Military Bases of Indian] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731150253/http://www.defencenews.in/article/Overseas-Military-Bases-of-a-budding-Super-Power---India-119322 |date=2017-07-31 }}, [http://www.defencenews.in Defence News].</ref><ref name=OmIn5>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/comment/naval-muscle-should-fetch-economic-returns/55883.html "Naval muscle should fetch economic returns."], [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], 20 March 2015.</ref>

===Naseem al-Bahr===
Naseem al-Bahr is a bilateral maritime exercise between India and Oman. The exercise was first held in 1993. The tenth edition was held in January 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maritime cooperation: India and Oman conduct bilateral naval exercise 'Naseem Al Bahr'|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/maritime-cooperation-india-and-oman-conduct-bilateral-naval-exercise-naseem-al-bahr/articleshow/50683967.cms|website=The Economic Times|access-date=18 July 2016}}</ref>

===Duqm===

In February 2018, India announced that it had secured access to the [[Al Duqm Port & Drydock|facilities]] at [[Duqm]] for the [[Indian Air Force]] and the [[Indian Navy]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.janes.com/article/77901/indian-navy-to-get-increased-access-to-omani-port-of-duqm-says-report?from_rss=1 |quote=The MOU allows IN vessels to use the facilities at Duqm Port during visits “in terms of services and the use of the dry dock for maintenance”, according to the report, which was published during Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s two-day visit to the sultanate. |title=Indian Navy to get increased access to Omani port of Duqm, says report |first=Gabriel |last=Dominguez |first2=Rahul |last2=Bedi |publisher=[[Jane's Information Group]] |date=February 14, 2018}}</ref><ref name="ie">{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-gets-access-to-strategic-oman-port-for-military-use-chabahar-gwadar-in-sight-5061573/ |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |title=India gets access to strategic Oman port Duqm for military use, Chabahar-Gwadar in sight |first=Shubhajit |last=Roy |date=February 13, 2018}}</ref> Duqm had previously served as a port for the [[INS Mumbai|INS ''Mumbai'']].<ref name="ie"/>

==See also==
* [[Indians in Oman]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Relations of India and Oman}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190929103212/http://www.indemb-oman.org/ Official website of Embassy of India, Muscat]

{{Foreign relations of India}}
{{Foreign relations of Oman}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:India-Oman relations}}
[[Category:India–Oman relations| ]]
[[Category:Bilateral relations of India|Oman]]
[[Category:Bilateral relations of Oman]]

India–Oman relations - Revision history

>Njd-de: Reverted edits by 90.168.168.40 (talk) to last version by GreenC bot