ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network - Revision history

Lucie45F0227: slightly rework references for clarity additionally and added references based on references

2025-10-23T06:24:55Z

slightly rework references for clarity additionally and added references based on references

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:54, 23 October 2025
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	{{~~more citations needed~~\|~~date=May 2015~~}}		{{Short description\|Indian space research network}}
	[[File:A view of Mission Operations Complex 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC, Peenya before commencement of fourth orbit raising burn for Chandrayaan-2.jpg\|thumb\|A view of Mission Operations Complex - 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC before commencement of an orbit raising burn for [[Chandrayaan-2]].]]		[[File:A view of Mission Operations Complex 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC, Peenya before commencement of fourth orbit raising burn for Chandrayaan-2.jpg\|thumb\|A view of Mission Operations Complex - 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC before commencement of an orbit raising burn for [[Chandrayaan-2]].]]
	The [[Indian Space Research Organisation~~]] (ISRO)~~, ~~over the years, has established~~ a comprehensive global network of ground stations to provide ~~Telemetry~~, ~~Tracking~~ and ~~Command~~ (TTC) support to [[satellite]] and [[launch vehicle]] missions. ~~These facilities are grouped under '''ISRO Telemetry,~~ Tracking ~~and Command Network~~'~~'' (ISTRAC){{citation needed lead~~\|date=~~October 2014~~}} ~~with its headquarters at [[Bangalore]], India.~~		The ISRO '''Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (''ISTRAC'')''' is one of the ground segment arms of Indian Space Research Organisation and was established on September 06, 1976. It consists of a comprehensive global network of ground stations to provide telemetry, tracking and command (TTC) support to [[satellite]] and [[launch vehicle]] missions. <ref>{{Cite web \|title=ISTRAC inaugurates Golden Jubilee Celebrations: 50 Years of Tracking India's Space Odyssey \|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/ISTRAC_inaugurates_Golden_Jubilee_Celebrations.html \|access-date=2025-09-10 \|website=www.isro.gov.in}}</ref>

	==Facilities==		==Facilities==
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	* ISTRAC facilities in Bangalore consist of TTC ground station (BLR) with full redundancy multi-mission Spacecraft Control Center to carry out and control spacecraft operations and co-ordinate with the network stations. Computer facility with distributed architecture providing independent processors for communications handling, dedicated processors to provide real-time displays for individual spacecraft missions and off-line processors for carrying out spacecraft data archival, analysis and orbit determination.		* ISTRAC facilities in Bangalore consist of TTC ground station (BLR) with full redundancy multi-mission Spacecraft Control Center to carry out and control spacecraft operations and co-ordinate with the network stations. Computer facility with distributed architecture providing independent processors for communications handling, dedicated processors to provide real-time displays for individual spacecraft missions and off-line processors for carrying out spacecraft data archival, analysis and orbit determination.
	* Communication Control facility to establish links between [[Spacecraft Control Centre\|SCC]] and ISTRAC network stations as well as control centers of other participating external space agencies and data receptions stations through dedicated voice, data and TTY links.		* Communication Control facility to establish links between [[Spacecraft Control Centre\|SCC]] and ISTRAC network stations as well as control centers of other participating external space agencies and data receptions stations through dedicated voice, data and TTY links.
	* Limited TTC facility to provide on-orbit operational support to INSAT satellites as backup to [[Master Control Facility]] at [[Hassan, Karnataka\|Hassan]].

	==Mission==		==Mission==
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	===India===		===India===
	*[[Hyderabad, India\|Hyderabad]]		*[[Hyderabad, India\|Hyderabad]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Aboutus_Org_DRS {{!}} NRSC Web Site \|url=https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en \|access-date=2023-09-30 \|website=www.nrsc.gov.in \|archive-date=2023-01-16 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116212238/https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en \|url-status=live }}</ref>
	*[[Bangalore]], also hosts the Indian [[Spacecraft Control Centre]]<ref name=toi100713/>		*[[Bangalore]], also hosts the Indian [[Spacecraft Control Centre]]<ref name=toi100713/>
	*[[Lucknow]]		*[[Lucknow]]
	*[[Port Blair]]		*[[Port Blair\| Sri Vijayapuram]]
	*[[Sriharikota]]		*[[Sriharikota]]
	*[[Thiruvananthapuram]]		*[[Thiruvananthapuram]]
			*[[Bharati (research station)\|Bharti research station (AGEOS), Antarctica]]<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Aboutus_Org_DRS {{!}} NRSC Web Site \|url=https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en \|access-date=2023-09-30 \|website=www.nrsc.gov.in \|archive-date=2023-01-16 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116212238/https://www.nrsc.gov.in/Aboutus_NRSC_DRS?language_content_entity=en \|url-status=live }}</ref>

	===Global Stations===		===Global Stations===
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	*[[Bear Lakes (Russia)\|Bear Lakes]], [[Russia]] (Медвежьи Озера, Medvezhi Ozera), operating the [[RT-64]] antenna		*[[Bear Lakes (Russia)\|Bear Lakes]], [[Russia]] (Медвежьи Озера, Medvezhi Ozera), operating the [[RT-64]] antenna
	*[[Biak]], [[Indonesia]]		*[[Biak]], [[Indonesia]]
	*[[Brunei]]<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ \|title=~~Archived copy~~ \|website=borneobulletin.com.bn \|access-date=14 January 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723113544/https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ \|archive-date=23 July 2018 \|url-status=dead}}</ref>		*[[Brunei]]<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ \|title=Brunei, India sign MoU for cooperation in space research field \| Borneo Bulletin Online \|website=borneobulletin.com.bn \|access-date=14 January 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723113544/https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ \|archive-date=23 July 2018 \|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	*[[Svalbard]], [[Norway]]		*[[Svalbard]], [[Norway]]
	*[[Troll (research station)\|Troll]], [[Antarctica]]<ref name=toi100713>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811083318/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-13/india/28284987_1_cartosat-2b-isro-chairman-k-radhakrishnan-synthetic-aperture-radar 10 eyes in the sky give India space edge]</ref>		*[[Troll (research station)\|Troll]], [[Antarctica]]<ref name=toi100713>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811083318/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-13/india/28284987_1_cartosat-2b-isro-chairman-k-radhakrishnan-synthetic-aperture-radar 10 eyes in the sky give India space edge]</ref>
	*[[Vietnam]]<ref>{{Cite web\|title=ISRO Developing Station in Vietnam\|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=137666\|access-date=2021-03-29\|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|last=Torode\|first=Sanjeev Miglani, Greg\|date=2016-01-25\|title=India to build satellite tracking station in Vietnam that offers eye on China\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/india-vietnam-satellite-china-idINKCN0V309W\|access-date=2021-03-29}}</ref>		*[[Vietnam]]<ref>{{Cite web\|title=ISRO Developing Station in Vietnam\|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=137666\|access-date=2021-03-29\|website=pib.gov.in\|archive-date=2021-11-23\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123021225/https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=137666\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|last=Torode\|first=Sanjeev Miglani, Greg\|date=2016-01-25\|title=India to build satellite tracking station in Vietnam that offers eye on China\|language=en\|work=Reuters\|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/india-vietnam-satellite-china-idINKCN0V309W\|access-date=2021-03-29\|archive-date=2021-07-01\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701091713/https://www.reuters.com/article/india-vietnam-satellite-china-idINKCN0V309W\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	*[[Gatun Lake]], [[Panama]]<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/ISRO/comments/3r7s4e/and_another_ground_station_for_isro_seems_to_be/\|title=And another ground station for Isro seems to be in works. This time around probably in Panama. : ISRO}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/tenders/EOI%20%20-%20%2011m%20antenna_0.pdf \|title=Expression Of Interest \|website=www.isro.gov.in ~~\|format=PDF~~\|access-date=2021-04-01}}</ref>		*[[Gatun Lake]], [[Panama]]<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/ISRO/comments/3r7s4e/and_another_ground_station_for_isro_seems_to_be/\|title=And another ground station for Isro seems to be in works. This time around probably in Panama. : ISRO}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/tenders/EOI%20%20-%20%2011m%20antenna_0.pdf \|title=Expression Of Interest \|website=www.isro.gov.in \|access-date=2021-04-01 \|archive-date=2016-10-27 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027123740/http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/tenders/EOI%20%20-%20%2011m%20antenna_0.pdf \|url-status=dead }}</ref>
	*[[São Tomé and Príncipe]], [[West Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Sheldon\|first=John\|date=2018-09-12\|title=São Tomé And Príncipe Signs Space Agreement With India\|url=https://spacewatch.global/2018/09/sao-tome-and-principe-signs-space-agreement-with-india/\|access-date=2021-03-29\|website=SpaceWatch.Global\|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Africa\|first=Space in\|date=2018-09-09\|title=India and Republic of Sao Tome and Principe sign MoU to set up Space centre\|url=https://africanews.space/india-and-republic-of-sao-tomi-and-principe-sign-mou-to-set-up-space-centre/\|access-date=2021-03-29\|website=Space in Africa\|language=en-US}}</ref>		*[[São Tomé and Príncipe]], [[West Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Sheldon\|first=John\|date=2018-09-12\|title=São Tomé And Príncipe Signs Space Agreement With India\|url=https://spacewatch.global/2018/09/sao-tome-and-principe-signs-space-agreement-with-india/\|access-date=2021-03-29\|website=SpaceWatch.Global\|language=en-US\|archive-date=2018-09-16\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916202435/https://spacewatch.global/2018/09/sao-tome-and-principe-signs-space-agreement-with-india/\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Africa\|first=Space in\|date=2018-09-09\|title=India and Republic of Sao Tome and Principe sign MoU to set up Space centre\|url=https://africanews.space/india-and-republic-of-sao-tomi-and-principe-sign-mou-to-set-up-space-centre/\|access-date=2021-03-29\|website=Space in Africa\|language=en-US\|archive-date=2018-09-16\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916202126/https://africanews.space/india-and-republic-of-sao-tomi-and-principe-sign-mou-to-set-up-space-centre/\|url-status=live}}</ref>
	* [[Brunei]]

	==See also==		==See also==
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2014}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2014}}

	[[Category:~~Indian Space Research Organisation~~ facilities]]		[[Category:ISRO facilities]]
	[[Category:Year of establishment missing]]		[[Category:Year of establishment missing]]

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{{more citations needed|date=May 2015}}
[[File:A view of Mission Operations Complex 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC, Peenya before commencement of fourth orbit raising burn for Chandrayaan-2.jpg|thumb|A view of Mission Operations Complex - 1 (MOX-1) at ISTRAC before commencement of an orbit raising burn for [[Chandrayaan-2]].]]
The [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO), over the years, has established a comprehensive global network of ground stations to provide Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TTC) support to [[satellite]] and [[launch vehicle]] missions. These facilities are grouped under '''ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network''' (ISTRAC){{citation needed lead|date=October 2014}} with its headquarters at [[Bangalore]], India.

==Facilities==
ISTRAC has several facilities as of November 2013:{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}
* ISTRAC facilities in Bangalore consist of TTC ground station (BLR) with full redundancy multi-mission Spacecraft Control Center to carry out and control spacecraft operations and co-ordinate with the network stations. Computer facility with distributed architecture providing independent processors for communications handling, dedicated processors to provide real-time displays for individual spacecraft missions and off-line processors for carrying out spacecraft data archival, analysis and orbit determination.
* Communication Control facility to establish links between [[Spacecraft Control Centre|SCC]] and ISTRAC network stations as well as control centers of other participating external space agencies and data receptions stations through dedicated voice, data and TTY links.
* Limited TTC facility to provide on-orbit operational support to INSAT satellites as backup to [[Master Control Facility]] at [[Hassan, Karnataka|Hassan]].

==Mission==
The mission of the ISTRAC includes:{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}
*Tracking, commanding and housekeeping data acquisition as well as health analysis and control, orbit and attitude determination and network co-ordination support to all [[low Earth orbit]] satellite missions of ISRO throughout their mission life.
*Telemetry data acquisition support for ISRO launch vehicle missions from liftoff until satellite acquisition and down range tracking support for monitoring and determining the satellite injection parameters.
*Coordinating between spacecraft and launch vehicle teams, supporting ground stations right from planning till the completion of mission for the national and international satellite missions.
*Telemetry, tracking and command support for the International satellite launch projects.

==Ground Stations==
ISTRAC has the following TTC ground stations:<ref name=irso17j>{{cite web |title=Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) |url=http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/ground_segment_spacenetwork.htm |publisher=ISRO |access-date=17 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022161359/http://isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/ground_segment_spacenetwork.htm |archive-date=22 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===India===
*[[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]]
*[[Bangalore]], also hosts the Indian [[Spacecraft Control Centre]]<ref name=toi100713/>
*[[Lucknow]]
*[[Port Blair]]
*[[Sriharikota]]
*[[Thiruvananthapuram]]

===Global Stations===
*[[Port Louis]], [[Mauritius]]
*[[Bear Lakes (Russia)|Bear Lakes]], [[Russia]] (Медвежьи Озера, Medvezhi Ozera), operating the [[RT-64]] antenna
*[[Biak]], [[Indonesia]]
*[[Brunei]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ |title=Archived copy |website=borneobulletin.com.bn |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723113544/https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-sign-mou-for-cooperation-in-space-research-field/ |archive-date=23 July 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[Svalbard]], [[Norway]]
*[[Troll (research station)|Troll]], [[Antarctica]]<ref name=toi100713>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811083318/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-13/india/28284987_1_cartosat-2b-isro-chairman-k-radhakrishnan-synthetic-aperture-radar 10 eyes in the sky give India space edge]</ref>
*[[Vietnam]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISRO Developing Station in Vietnam|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=137666|access-date=2021-03-29|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Torode|first=Sanjeev Miglani, Greg|date=2016-01-25|title=India to build satellite tracking station in Vietnam that offers eye on China|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/india-vietnam-satellite-china-idINKCN0V309W|access-date=2021-03-29}}</ref>
*[[Gatun Lake]], [[Panama]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/ISRO/comments/3r7s4e/and_another_ground_station_for_isro_seems_to_be/|title=And another ground station for Isro seems to be in works. This time around probably in Panama. : ISRO}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/tenders/EOI%20%20-%20%2011m%20antenna_0.pdf |title=Expression Of Interest |website=www.isro.gov.in |format=PDF|access-date=2021-04-01}}</ref>
*[[São Tomé and Príncipe]], [[West Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sheldon|first=John|date=2018-09-12|title=São Tomé And Príncipe Signs Space Agreement With India|url=https://spacewatch.global/2018/09/sao-tome-and-principe-signs-space-agreement-with-india/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=SpaceWatch.Global|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Africa|first=Space in|date=2018-09-09|title=India and Republic of Sao Tome and Principe sign MoU to set up Space centre|url=https://africanews.space/india-and-republic-of-sao-tomi-and-principe-sign-mou-to-set-up-space-centre/|access-date=2021-03-29|website=Space in Africa|language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Brunei]]

==See also==
*[[Indian Deep Space Network]]
*[[European Space Tracking]]
*[[NASA Deep Space Network]]
*[[Near Earth Network]]
*[[Space Network]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.istrac.gov.in/index.html ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) - Official Website]

{{ISRO facilities}}
{{Indian space programme}}

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2014}}

[[Category:Indian Space Research Organisation facilities]]
[[Category:Year of establishment missing]]