Hydrangea arborescens - Revision history

MUKESH SINGH: refine citations additionally and cleaned formatting

2025-11-17T18:01:27Z

refine citations additionally and cleaned formatting

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:31, 17 November 2025
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	{{~~short~~ description\|Species of flowering plant ~~in the family Hydrangeaceae~~}}		{{Short description\|Species of flowering plant}}
	{{speciesbox		{{speciesbox
	\|image = Hydrangea arborescens 001.JPG		\|image = Hydrangea arborescens 001.JPG
	\|status = G5		\|status = G5
	\|status_system = TNC		\|status_system = TNC
			\|status_ref=<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.134902/Hydrangea_arborescens\|title=''Hydrangea arborescens''\|website=NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer\|author=NatureServe\|publisher=NatureServe\|location=Arlington, Virginia\|date=31 May 2024\|access-date=4 June 2024}}</ref>
	\|genus = Hydrangea		\|genus = Hydrangea
	\|species = arborescens		\|species = arborescens
	\|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus\|L.]]<ref name=USDA>{{cite web\|url=~~http~~://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HYAR \|title=USDA Natural Resources Conservation Services: Plant Profiles. ''Hydrangea arborescens'' L \|publisher=Plants.usda.gov \|date= \|~~accessdate~~=2014-06-30}}</ref>		\|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus\|L.]]<ref name=USDA>{{cite web\|url=https://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HYAR \|title=USDA Natural Resources Conservation Services: Plant Profiles. ''Hydrangea arborescens'' L \|publisher=Plants.usda.gov \|date= \|access-date=2014-06-30}}</ref>
	}}		}}

	'''''Hydrangea arborescens''''', commonly known as '''smooth hydrangea'''~~, '''wild hydrangea''',~~ '''sevenbark''', ~~or in some cases, '''sheep flower''',~~ is a [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the [[family (biology)\|family]] Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] up to {{convert\|3\|m\|ft\|0\|abbr=on}} tall that is [[native plant\|native]] to the eastern United States.<ref name=Weakley>{{cite web\|url=http://herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm \|title=Weakley, Alan S. 2008 (working draft). Flora of Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, northern Florida, and surrounding areas. University of North Carolina Herbarium \|publisher=Herbarium.unc.edu \|date=2012-10-02 \|accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>		'''''Hydrangea arborescens''''', commonly known as '''smooth hydrangea''' or '''sevenbark''', is a [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the [[family (biology)\|family]] Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, multi-stemmed, [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] up to {{convert\|2\|m\|ft\|0\|abbr=on}} tall <ref name=Cole>{{cite book \|last1=Cole\| last2=Witsell\| last3=Gentry \|title=Trees Shrubs and Woody Vines of Arkansas \|date=2020 \|publisher=The Ozark Society Foundation \|isbn=9780912456003 \|pages=252–253}}</ref> that is [[native plant\|native]] to the eastern United States.<ref name=Weakley>{{cite web \|url=http://herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm \|title=Weakley, Alan S. 2008 (working draft). Flora of Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, northern Florida, and surrounding areas. University of North Carolina Herbarium \|publisher=Herbarium.unc.edu \|date=2012-10-02 \|accessdate=2014-06-30 \|archive-date=2018-10-06 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006082209/http://herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	==Description==		==Description==
	The inflorescence is a [[corymb]]. ~~The showy~~, sterile flowers are usually absent or if present they are usually less than 1 cm in diameter.<ref name=Weakley/> Flowering occurs May to July. Fruit is a ribbed brown capsule about 2 mm long~~; many~~ are produced.		The inflorescence is a [[corymb]] up to {{convert\|15\|cm\|in\|}} wide. Showy, sterile flowers are usually absent or if present they are usually less than 1 cm in diameter on the edge of the [[panicles]].<ref name=Weakley/> Flowering occurs May to July. Fruit is a ribbed, brown capsule about 2 mm long. Many are produced in October and persist through the winter.<ref name=Cole/>

	The leaves are large (8 to 18 cm long), [[Opposite (leaf)\|opposite]], [[Crenate\|serrated]], [[leaf shape\|ovate]], and [[deciduous]]. The lower leaf surface is glabrous or with inconspicuous fine hairs, appearing green; [[trichome]]s of the lower surface are restricted to the midrib and major veins.		The leaves are large (8 to 18 cm long), [[Opposite (leaf)\|opposite]], [[Crenate\|serrated]], [[leaf shape\|ovate]], and [[deciduous]]. The lower leaf surface is glabrous or with inconspicuous fine hairs, appearing green; [[trichome]]s of the lower surface are restricted to the midrib and major veins.
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	The stem [[Bark (botany)\|bark]] has a peculiar tendency to peel off in several successive thin layers with different colors, hence the common name "sevenbark".<ref name=Purdue/>		The stem [[Bark (botany)\|bark]] has a peculiar tendency to peel off in several successive thin layers with different colors, hence the common name "sevenbark".<ref name=Purdue/>

	Smooth hydrangea can spread rapidly by [[stolon]]s to form colonies.<ref name=MO>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/PlantFinder/Plant.asp?code=K520 \|title=Missouri Botanical Garden: ''Hydrangea arborescens'' \|publisher=Mobot.org \|date= \|accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>		Smooth hydrangea can spread rapidly by [[stolon]]s to form colonies.<ref name=MO>{{cite web \|url=http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/PlantFinder/Plant.asp?code=K520 \|title=Missouri Botanical Garden: ''Hydrangea arborescens'' \|publisher=Mobot.org \|date= \|accessdate=2014-06-30 \|archive-date=2011-09-16 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916102839/http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=K520 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>

	==Taxonomy==		==Taxonomy==
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	==Distribution and habitat==		==Distribution and habitat==
	Smooth hydrangea is widely distributed across the eastern United States—from southern New York to the [[~~Salient (geography)~~\|panhandle]] ~~of Florida~~, west to eastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas. It is mainly found in ~~moist~~ soils under ~~a hardwood forest~~ canopy and is ~~often common~~ along woodland road ~~banks and streams~~.<ref name=Lance>Lance, Ron. 2004 Woody Plants of the ~~southeastern~~ United States: A ~~winter guide.~~ The University of Georgia Press~~. 456 p.~~</ref> It is common in the [[Delaware River]] Valley and in the [[Appalachian Mountains]].<ref name=Weakley/><ref name=Purdue>{{cite web\|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/herbhunters/hydrangea.html \|title=Purdue University: Horticulture and Landscape Architecture. Smooth Hydrangea \|publisher=Hort.purdue.edu \|date=1998-04-03 \|accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>		Smooth hydrangea is widely distributed across the eastern United States—from southern New York to the [[Florida panhandle\|panhandle of Florida]], west to eastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas. It is mainly found in mesic soils under the canopy of deciduous forests and is frequently found along small water courses and on woodland road waysides.<ref name=Lance>{{cite book\|last=Lance\|first=Ron\|year=2004\|title=Woody Plants of the Southeastern United States: A Winter Guide\|publisher=The University of Georgia Press\|isbn=0-8203-2524-4\|page=162}}</ref> It is common in the [[Delaware River]] Valley and in the [[Appalachian Mountains]].<ref name=Weakley/><ref name=Purdue>{{cite web\|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/herbhunters/hydrangea.html \|title=Purdue University: Horticulture and Landscape Architecture. Smooth Hydrangea \|publisher=Hort.purdue.edu \|date=1998-04-03 \|accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>

	It is a host plant of the [[hydrangea sphinx]] moth.		It is a host plant of the [[hydrangea sphinx]] moth.

	==Uses==		==Uses==
	This attractive ~~native~~ shrub is often cultivated for ornamental use.<ref name=Dirr>Dirr, Michael A. ~~hydrangeas~~ for American ~~gardens.~~ Timber Press~~. 240 p.~~</ref> In the [[UK]] the [[cultivar]] 'Annabelle' has gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref name = RHSPF>{{cite web		This attractive shrub is often cultivated for ornamental use.<ref name=Dirr>{{cite book\|last=Dirr\|first=Michael A.\|title=Hydrangeas for American Gardens\|publisher=Timber Press\|year=2004\|isbn=0881926418}}</ref>{{page number needed\|date=June 2024}} In the [[UK]] the [[cultivar]] 'Annabelle' has gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref name = RHSPF>{{cite web
	\| url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/63034/i-Hydrangea-arborescens-i-Annabelle/Details		\| url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/63034/i-Hydrangea-arborescens-i-Annabelle/Details
	\| title = RHS Plantfinder - ''Hydrangea arborescens'' 'Annabelle' \| accessdate=7 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \| url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf \| title = AGM Plants - Ornamental \| date = July 2017 \| page = 51 \| publisher = Royal Horticultural Society \| accessdate = 7 March 2018}}</ref> The cultivar 'Grandiflora' has ~~flowers that~~ resemble [[snowball]]s, similar to ''[[Viburnum ~~plicatum~~]]''.		\| title = RHS Plantfinder - ''Hydrangea arborescens'' 'Annabelle' \| accessdate=7 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \| url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf \| title = AGM Plants - Ornamental \| date = July 2017 \| page = 51 \| publisher = Royal Horticultural Society \| accessdate = 7 March 2018}}</ref> The cultivar 'Grandiflora' has inflorescences which resemble [[snowball]]s, similar to ''[[Viburnum opulus]]'' 'Roseum'.

	Smooth hydrangea root was used medicinally by [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas\|Native American]]s, and later, by early settlers for treatment of kidney and bladder stones.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/h/hydran45.html \|title=Mrs. M. Grieve. A Modern Herbal. ''Hydrangea arborescens'' \|publisher=Botanical.com \|date= \|accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Hydrangea+arborescens \|title=Plants for a Future: ''Hydrangea arborescens ''~~; \|publisher=pfaf~~.~~org \|date= \|accessdate=2015-12-23}}</ref>~~

	It additionally ~~has~~ been marked as a pollinator plant, supporting and attracting bees and butterflies. <ref>{{Cite web\|title=Planting Guides\|url=https://www.pollinator.org/pollinator.org/assets/generalFiles/OzarkBroadleafrx1FINAL_171017_085901.pdf\|access-date=2022-01-29\|website=Pollinator.org\|language=en-US}}</ref>		Smooth hydrangea root was used medicinally by the [[Cherokee]], and later, by early settlers for treatment of kidney and bladder stones.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/h/hydran45.html \|title=Mrs. M. Grieve. A Modern Herbal. ''Hydrangea arborescens'' \|publisher=Botanical.com \|date= \|accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Hydrangea+arborescens \|title=Plants for a Future: ''Hydrangea arborescens ''; \|publisher=pfaf.org \|date= \|accessdate=2015-12-23}}</ref>

			It has additionally been marked as a pollinator plant, supporting and attracting bees and butterflies.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Planting Guides\|url=https://www.pollinator.org/pollinator.org/assets/generalFiles/OzarkBroadleafrx1FINAL_171017_085901.pdf\|access-date=2022-01-29\|website=Pollinator.org\|language=en-US}}</ref>

	==Gallery==		==Gallery==
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	File:Hydrangea arborescens annabelle.JPG\|'Annabelle'		File:Hydrangea arborescens annabelle.JPG\|'Annabelle'
	File:Hills-of-Snow Hydrangea arborescens 'Grandiflora' Flowers 2606px.jpg\|'Grandiflora'		File:Hills-of-Snow Hydrangea arborescens 'Grandiflora' Flowers 2606px.jpg\|'Grandiflora'
	File:2020 year. Herbarium. Hydrangea arborescens. img-035.jpg\|Leaf adaxial side.		File:2020 year. Herbarium. Hydrangea arborescens. img-035.jpg\|Leaf adaxial side
	File:2020 year. Herbarium. Hydrangea arborescens. img-036.jpg\|Leaf abaxial side.		File:2020 year. Herbarium. Hydrangea arborescens. img-036.jpg\|Leaf abaxial side
	</gallery>		</gallery>

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	==External links==		==External links==
	{{Commonscat}}		{{Commonscat}}
	*[~~http~~://www.carolinanature.com/trees/hyar.html Cook, Will. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of North Carolina. Wild Hydrangea (''Hydrangea arborescens'').]		*[https://www.carolinanature.com/trees/hyar.html Cook, Will. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of North Carolina. Wild Hydrangea (''Hydrangea arborescens'').]
	*[http://www.hydrangeashydrangeas.com/annabelle.html Information on cultivar Annabelle]		*[http://www.hydrangeashydrangeas.com/annabelle.html Information on cultivar Annabelle]
	*[http://www.cirrusimage.com/flower_wild_hydrangea.htm ''Hydrangea arborescens''] Large-format diagnostic photos and information		*[http://www.cirrusimage.com/flower_wild_hydrangea.htm ''Hydrangea arborescens''] Large-format diagnostic photos and information
	*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927110701/http://lakecounty.typepad.com/life_in_lake_county/2007/07/hydrangea-thoug.html Hydrangea Thoughts I] - Informative but non-scholarly essay on Hydrangea (Culture, History and Etymology).		*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927110701/http://lakecounty.typepad.com/life_in_lake_county/2007/07/hydrangea-thoug.html Hydrangea Thoughts I] - Informative but non-scholarly essay on Hydrangea (Culture, History and Etymology).
	*[~~http~~://www.briartech.com/latespring/hydarb/phydarb.~~htm~~ Briartech.com: Smooth Hydrangea, ''Hydrangea arborescens''.]		*[https://www.briartech.com/latespring/hydarb/phydarb.html Briartech.com: Smooth Hydrangea, ''Hydrangea arborescens''.]

	{{Taxonbar\|from=Q278173}}		{{Taxonbar\|from=Q278173}}

	[[Category:Hydrangea\|arborescens]]		[[Category:Hydrangea\|arborescens]]
	~~[[Category:National symbols of Bretagne]]~~
	[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
	[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]
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	[[Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine]]		[[Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine]]
	[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]		[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
	[[Category:~~Taxa~~ named by Carl Linnaeus]]		[[Category:Botanical taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]

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2022-10-07T19:48:21Z

External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:18, 8 October 2022
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	[[Category:Hydrangea\|arborescens]]		[[Category:Hydrangea\|arborescens]]
			[[Category:National symbols of Bretagne]]
	[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
	[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]		[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]

WikiDwarfBOT: robot: create new article

2022-03-02T00:00:54Z

robot: create new article

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{{short description|Species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae}}
{{speciesbox
|image = Hydrangea arborescens 001.JPG
|status = G5
|status_system = TNC
|genus = Hydrangea
|species = arborescens
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name=USDA>{{cite web|url=http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HYAR |title=USDA Natural Resources Conservation Services: Plant Profiles. ''Hydrangea arborescens'' L |publisher=Plants.usda.gov |date= |accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>
}}

'''''Hydrangea arborescens''''', commonly known as '''smooth hydrangea''', '''wild hydrangea''', '''sevenbark''', or in some cases, '''sheep flower''', is a [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] up to {{convert|3|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall that is [[native plant|native]] to the eastern United States.<ref name=Weakley>{{cite web|url=http://herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm |title=Weakley, Alan S. 2008 (working draft). Flora of Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, northern Florida, and surrounding areas. University of North Carolina Herbarium |publisher=Herbarium.unc.edu |date=2012-10-02 |accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>

==Description==
The inflorescence is a [[corymb]]. The showy, sterile flowers are usually absent or if present they are usually less than 1 cm in diameter.<ref name=Weakley/> Flowering occurs May to July. Fruit is a ribbed brown capsule about 2 mm long; many are produced.

The leaves are large (8 to 18 cm long), [[Opposite (leaf)|opposite]], [[Crenate|serrated]], [[leaf shape|ovate]], and [[deciduous]]. The lower leaf surface is glabrous or with inconspicuous fine hairs, appearing green; [[trichome]]s of the lower surface are restricted to the midrib and major veins.

The stem [[Bark (botany)|bark]] has a peculiar tendency to peel off in several successive thin layers with different colors, hence the common name "sevenbark".<ref name=Purdue/>

Smooth hydrangea can spread rapidly by [[stolon]]s to form colonies.<ref name=MO>{{cite web|url=http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/PlantFinder/Plant.asp?code=K520 |title=Missouri Botanical Garden: ''Hydrangea arborescens'' |publisher=Mobot.org |date= |accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
At one time both ashy hydrangea (''[[Hydrangea cinerea]]'') and silverleaf hydrangea (''[[Hydrangea radiata]]'') were considered subspecies of smooth hydrangea.<ref name=McClintock>McClintock, E. 1957. A monograph of the genus ''Hydrangea''. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 29: 147-256.</ref> However, most taxonomists now consider them to be separate species.<ref name=Weakley/><ref name=Pilatowski>Pilatowski, Ronald E. A taxonomic study of the ''Hydrangea arborescens'' complex. Castanea 47: 84-98.</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
Smooth hydrangea is widely distributed across the eastern United States—from southern New York to the [[Salient (geography)|panhandle]] of Florida, west to eastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas. It is mainly found in moist soils under a hardwood forest canopy and is often common along woodland road banks and streams.<ref name=Lance>Lance, Ron. 2004 Woody Plants of the southeastern United States: A winter guide. The University of Georgia Press. 456 p.</ref> It is common in the [[Delaware River]] Valley and in the [[Appalachian Mountains]].<ref name=Weakley/><ref name=Purdue>{{cite web|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/herbhunters/hydrangea.html |title=Purdue University: Horticulture and Landscape Architecture. Smooth Hydrangea |publisher=Hort.purdue.edu |date=1998-04-03 |accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref>

It is a host plant of the [[hydrangea sphinx]] moth.

==Uses==
This attractive native shrub is often cultivated for ornamental use.<ref name=Dirr>Dirr, Michael A. hydrangeas for American gardens. Timber Press. 240 p.</ref> In the [[UK]] the [[cultivar]] 'Annabelle' has gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref name = RHSPF>{{cite web
| url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/63034/i-Hydrangea-arborescens-i-Annabelle/Details
| title = RHS Plantfinder - ''Hydrangea arborescens'' 'Annabelle' | accessdate=7 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 51 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 7 March 2018}}</ref> The cultivar 'Grandiflora' has flowers that resemble [[snowball]]s, similar to ''[[Viburnum plicatum]]''.

Smooth hydrangea root was used medicinally by [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]]s, and later, by early settlers for treatment of kidney and bladder stones.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/h/hydran45.html |title=Mrs. M. Grieve. A Modern Herbal. ''Hydrangea arborescens'' |publisher=Botanical.com |date= |accessdate=2014-06-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Hydrangea+arborescens |title=Plants for a Future: ''Hydrangea arborescens ''; |publisher=pfaf.org |date= |accessdate=2015-12-23}}</ref>

It additionally has been marked as a pollinator plant, supporting and attracting bees and butterflies. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Planting Guides|url=https://www.pollinator.org/pollinator.org/assets/generalFiles/OzarkBroadleafrx1FINAL_171017_085901.pdf|access-date=2022-01-29|website=Pollinator.org|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Hydrangea arborescens annabelle.JPG|'Annabelle'
File:Hills-of-Snow Hydrangea arborescens 'Grandiflora' Flowers 2606px.jpg|'Grandiflora'
File:2020 year. Herbarium. Hydrangea arborescens. img-035.jpg|Leaf adaxial side.
File:2020 year. Herbarium. Hydrangea arborescens. img-036.jpg|Leaf abaxial side.
</gallery>

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{Commonscat}}
*[http://www.carolinanature.com/trees/hyar.html Cook, Will. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of North Carolina. Wild Hydrangea (''Hydrangea arborescens'').]
*[http://www.hydrangeashydrangeas.com/annabelle.html Information on cultivar Annabelle]
*[http://www.cirrusimage.com/flower_wild_hydrangea.htm ''Hydrangea arborescens''] Large-format diagnostic photos and information
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927110701/http://lakecounty.typepad.com/life_in_lake_county/2007/07/hydrangea-thoug.html Hydrangea Thoughts I] - Informative but non-scholarly essay on Hydrangea (Culture, History and Etymology).
*[http://www.briartech.com/latespring/hydarb/phydarb.htm Briartech.com: Smooth Hydrangea, ''Hydrangea arborescens''.]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q278173}}

[[Category:Hydrangea|arborescens]]
[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]
[[Category:Flora of the United States]]
[[Category:Flora of Alabama]]
[[Category:Natural history of the Great Smoky Mountains]]
[[Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]