Hyderabad State (1948–1956) - Revision history

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	==Chief Ministers of Hyderabad State==		==Chief Ministers of Hyderabad State==
	[[Hyderabad State (1948–56)\|Hyderabad State]] included nine Telugu districts of [[Telangana]], four Kannada districts in Gulbarga division and four Marathi districts in Aurangabad division.		[[Hyderabad State (1948–56)\|Hyderabad State]] included nine Telugu districts of [[Telangana]], four Kannada districts in Gulbarga division and four Marathi districts in Aurangabad division.
	[[File:Hyderabad State reorganization 1956.png\|thumb\|194x194px\|1956 map of [[Southern India]] showing Hyderabad state in yellowish green. After the States reorganisation in 1956, regions west of the red and blue lines merged with [[Bombay State\|Bombay]] and [[Mysore State\|Mysore States]] respectively and the remaining part ([[Telangana]]) was merged with [[Andhra State]] to form [[Andhra Pradesh]].]]
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	\|flag_s3 = ..Maharashtra Flag(INDIA).png		\|flag_s3 = ..Maharashtra Flag(INDIA).png
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	\|image_coat = ~~Emblem of~~ Hyderabad ~~State (1948–1956)~~.~~png~~		\|image_coat = Hyderabad-state-emblem.svg
	\|image_map = Hyderabad ~~State reorganization 1956~~.~~png~~		\|image_map = Hyderabad in India (1951).svg
	\|image_map_caption =~~1956 map of [[Southern India]] showing~~ Hyderabad ~~state~~ in ~~yellowish green. After the States reorganisation in 1956, regions west of the red and blue lines merged with [[Bombay State\|Bombay]] and [[Mysore State]]s respectively and the remaining part~~ (~~[[Telangana]]~~) ~~was merged with [[Andhra State]] to form [[Andhra Pradesh]].~~		\|image_map_caption = Hyderabad in India (1951)
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	'''Hyderabad State''' was a [[States and union territories of India\|state]] in [[Dominion of India\|Dominion]] and later [[India\|Republic of India]], formed after the accession of the princely [[state of Hyderabad]] into the [[Dominion of India\|Indian Union]] on 17 September 1948.<ref>{{cite web \|newspaper=The Times of India \|date=15 September 2019 \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabad-had-tried-nrc-71-years-ago-and-failed/articleshow/71132138.cms\|title=Hyderabad had tried 'NRC' 71 years ago, and failed}}</ref> It existed from 1948 to 1956.		'''Hyderabad State''' was a [[States and union territories of India\|state]] in [[Dominion of India\|Dominion]] and later [[India\|Republic of India]], formed after the accession of the princely [[state of Hyderabad]] into the [[Dominion of India\|Indian Union]] on 17 September 1948.<ref>{{cite web \|newspaper=The Times of India \|date=15 September 2019 \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabad-had-tried-nrc-71-years-ago-and-failed/articleshow/71132138.cms\|title=Hyderabad had tried 'NRC' 71 years ago, and failed}}</ref> It existed from 1948 to 1956.

	Following the [[States Reorganisation Act]], which implemented a linguistic ~~reorganiation~~ of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different sections were merged with [[Andhra State]], [[Mysore State]] and [[Bombay State]] respectively.<ref name="sorg1956">{{cite web		Following the [[States Reorganisation Act]], which implemented a linguistic reorganization of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different sections were merged with [[Andhra State]], [[Mysore State]] and [[Bombay State]] respectively.<ref name="sorg1956">{{cite web
	\|url=http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/		\|url=http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/
	\|title=States Reorganization Act 1956		\|title=States Reorganization Act 1956
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	==Chief Ministers of Hyderabad State==		==Chief Ministers of Hyderabad State==
	[[Hyderabad State (1948–56)\|Hyderabad State]] included nine Telugu districts of [[Telangana]], four Kannada districts in Gulbarga division and four Marathi districts in Aurangabad division.		[[Hyderabad State (1948–56)\|Hyderabad State]] included nine Telugu districts of [[Telangana]], four Kannada districts in Gulbarga division and four Marathi districts in Aurangabad division.
	[[File:~~South Indian territories~~.~~svg~~\|thumb\|~~right~~\|~~180px\|Map~~ of ~~southern~~ India showing the [[~~Hyderabad~~ State ~~(1948–56)~~\|~~Hyderabad~~ State]] ~~in yellowish green~~ and [[Andhra State]] ~~in blue before the~~ [[~~States Reorganisation Act\|reorganisation of 1956~~]]]]		[[File:Hyderabad State reorganization 1956.png\|thumb\|194x194px\|1956 map of [[Southern India]] showing Hyderabad state in yellowish green. After the States reorganisation in 1956, regions west of the red and blue lines merged with [[Bombay State\|Bombay]] and [[Mysore State\|Mysore States]] respectively and the remaining part ([[Telangana]]) was merged with [[Andhra State]] to form [[Andhra Pradesh]].]]

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{{Short description|Former state of India (1948-1956)}}
{{About|a State of India from 1948–1956|the princely state of Hyderabad|Hyderabad State|the modern state|Telangana}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
|native_name =
|conventional_long_name = Hyderabad State
|common_name = Hyderabad State
|nation = [[India]]
|status_text = [[States and union territories of India|State of India]]
|coordinates={{Coord|17|00|N|78|50|E|display=title}}
|era =
|year_start = 1948
|date_start =
|event_start= Hyderabad State formed from [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad Princely State]]
|year_end = 1956
|date_end =
|event_end= Reorganized and renamed [[Andhra Pradesh]]
|event1 =
|date_event1 =
|p1 = Hyderabad State
|s1 = Andhra Pradesh (Combined)
|s2 = Karnataka
|s3 = Maharashtra
|flag_p1 = Asafia flag of Hyderabad State.png
|flag_s1 = Andhraseal.png
|flag_s2 = ..Karnataka Flag(INDIA).png
|flag_s3 = ..Maharashtra Flag(INDIA).png
|image_flag =
|image_coat = Emblem of Hyderabad State (1948–1956).png
|image_map = Hyderabad State reorganization 1956.png
|image_map_caption =1956 map of [[Southern India]] showing Hyderabad state in yellowish green. After the States reorganisation in 1956, regions west of the red and blue lines merged with [[Bombay State|Bombay]] and [[Mysore State]]s respectively and the remaining part ([[Telangana]]) was merged with [[Andhra State]] to form [[Andhra Pradesh]].
|stat_area1 =
|stat_year1 =
|stat_pop1 =
|today = [[Telangana]]<br>[[Maharashtra]]<br>[[Karnataka]]
|footnotes = [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_states.html States of India since 1947]
}}
[[File:Hyderabad state from the Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909.jpg|thumb|300px|Hyderabad state until 1956]]
'''Hyderabad State''' was a [[States and union territories of India|state]] in [[Dominion of India|Dominion]] and later [[India|Republic of India]], formed after the accession of the princely [[state of Hyderabad]] into the [[Dominion of India|Indian Union]] on 17 September 1948.<ref>{{cite web |newspaper=The Times of India |date=15 September 2019 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/hyderabad-had-tried-nrc-71-years-ago-and-failed/articleshow/71132138.cms|title=Hyderabad had tried 'NRC' 71 years ago, and failed}}</ref> It existed from 1948 to 1956.

Following the [[States Reorganisation Act]], which implemented a linguistic reorganiation of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different sections were merged with [[Andhra State]], [[Mysore State]] and [[Bombay State]] respectively.<ref name="sorg1956">{{cite web
|url=http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/
|title=States Reorganization Act 1956
|access-date=1 July 2008
|publisher=Commonwealth Legal Information Institute
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516123014/http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/
|archive-date=16 May 2008
}}</ref>

==History==
{{Main|Operation Polo}}
{{#section:Annexation of Hyderabad|Lead}}

==Military Governor==
[[File:Op Polo Surrender.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Major [[General El Edroos]] (at right) offers his surrender of the Hyderabad State Forces to Major General (later General and Army Chief) [[Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri|J. N. Chaudhuri]] at [[Secunderabad]].]]
After the Annexation into the Indian Union, [[Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri|Major General J. N. Chaudhuri]] who led Operation Polo stayed on as Military Governor till December 1949.

The state witnessed [[1952 Mulkhi Agitation (Telangana)|Mulkhi agitation in 1952]] by the locals after government jobs meant for the locals were given to non-locals.

==Rajpramukh==
[[Hyderabad State]] had its last Nizam, '''[[Asaf Jah VII|HEH Mir Osman Ali Khan]]''' (1886–1967) as [[Rajpramukh]] from 26 January 1950 to 31 October 1956.

==First Appointed Chief Minister==
After the Annexation of Hyderabad State into India, [[M. K. Vellodi]] was appointed the Chief Minister of the state on 26 January 1950. He was a Senior Civil servant in the Government of India. He administered the state with the help of bureaucrats from [[Madras state]] and [[Bombay state]].

The 7th [[Nizam]] – [[Mir Osman Ali Khan]] was given the ceremonial position of "Raj Pramukh" or "Governor".

==First Elected Chief Minister==
In the first [[1952 Hyderabad Legislative Assembly election|State Assembly election in India, 1952]], Dr. [[Burgula Ramakrishna Rao]] was elected Chief minister of Hyderabad State. During this time there were violent agitations by some [[Telangana|Telanganites]] to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement 'Mulki-rules'(Local jobs for locals only), which was part of Hyderabad state law since 1919.<ref name="mulki1">{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/09/06/stories/2002090603210900.htm |title=Mulki agitation in Hyderabad state |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |access-date=9 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826122139/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/09/06/stories/2002090603210900.htm |archive-date=26 August 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Districts of Hyderabad State==
Administratively, Hyderabad State was made up of sixteen districts, grouped into four divisions:
* [[Aurangabad Division]] included [[Aurangabad district, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], [[Beed District|Beed]], [[Nanded District|Nanded]], and [[Parbhani District|Parbhani]] districts;
* [[Gulbarga Division]] included [[Bidar District]], [[Gulbarga District|Gulbarga]], [[Osmanabad District|Osmanabad]] (present Latur district was part of Osmanabad district) and [[Raichur District]];
* [[Gulshanabad Division]] or Medak Division included [[Atraf-i-Baldah]] (Hyderabad), [[Mahbubnagar district]], [[Medak district]], [[Nalgonda district]] (Nalgundah), and [[Nizamabad district|Nizamabad]] districts, and
* [[Warangal Division]] included [[Adilabad district|Adilabad]], [[Karimnagar district|Karimnagar]], and [[Warangal district|Warangal]] districts (present Khammam district was part of Warangal district).

==Linguistic Reorganization==
In 1956 during the [[States Reorganisation Act|Reorganisation of the Indian States]] based along linguistic lines, the Telugu-speaking region of the state of Hyderabad State was merged with [[Andhra State]]. The Marathi speaking region was merged with [[Bombay state]] and Kannada speaking region with [[Mysore State]].

The [[s:India States Reorganisation Commission Report Telangana Andhra|States Reorganisation Commission]] (SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telugu speaking [[Telangana]] region of [[Hyderabad state]] with [[Andhra state]], despite their common language. Para 378 of the SRC report said ''One of the principal causes of opposition of Vishalandhra also seems to be the apprehension felt by the educationally backward people of Telangana that they may be swamped and exploited by the more advanced people of the coastal areas.''

Andhra state and Hyderabad State were merged to form Andhra Pradesh on 1 November 1956, after providing safeguards to Telangana in the form of [[Gentlemen's agreement of Andhra Pradesh (1956)|Gentlemen's agreement]]. But in June 2014, Telangana re-emerged as a separate state. [[Hyderabad City]] will continue to be the capital of both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for 10 years.

==Chief Ministers of Hyderabad State==
[[Hyderabad State (1948–56)|Hyderabad State]] included nine Telugu districts of [[Telangana]], four Kannada districts in Gulbarga division and four Marathi districts in Aurangabad division.
[[File:South Indian territories.svg|thumb|right|180px|Map of southern India showing the [[Hyderabad State (1948–56)|Hyderabad State]] in yellowish green and [[Andhra State]] in blue before the [[States Reorganisation Act|reorganisation of 1956]]]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! No
! Name
! width=100|Portrait
!colspan=2| Term of office
!colspan=2| Party{{efn|name=party|This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he headed may have been a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.}}
! Days in office
|- style="height: 60px;"
| 1
| [[M. K. Vellodi]]
| [[File:M.K.Vellodi.jpg|100px]]
| 26 January 1950
| 6 March 1952
|rowspan=1| [[Independent (politician)|Independent]] (civil service)
|rowspan=1 width=4px style="background-color: {{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}" |
| 770
|- style="height: 60px;"
| 2
| [[Burgula Ramakrishna Rao]]
| [[File:Burgula Ramakrishna Rao, 1952.jpg|100px]]
| 6 March 1952
| 31 October 1956
|rowspan=1| [[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan=1 width=4px style="background-color: {{Indian National Congress/meta/color}}" |
| 1701
|}

==See also==
*[[Hyderabad State|Nizams Hyderabad State]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="BBC Hyderabad 1948">{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-24159594 | title=Hyderabad 1948: India's hidden massacre | publisher=BBC | date=24 September 2013 | access-date=24 September 2013 | author=Thomson, Mike}}</ref>
<ref name=ShermanLSE>{{cite journal|last1=Sherman|first1=Taylor C.|title=The integration of the princely state of Hyderabad and the making of the postcolonial state in India, 1948 – 56|journal=Indian Economic & Social History Review|volume=44|issue=4|pages=489–516|url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/32805/1/Sherman_Integration_princely_state_2007.pdf|date=2007|doi=10.1177/001946460704400404|s2cid=145000228}}</ref>
}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite journal|last1=Sherman|first1=Taylor C.|title=The integration of the princely state of Hyderabad and the making of the postcolonial state in India, 1948 – 56|journal=Indian Economic & Social History Review|volume=44|issue=4|pages=489–516|url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/32805/1/Sherman_Integration_princely_state_2007.pdf|date=2007|doi=10.1177/001946460704400404|s2cid=145000228}}

{{States of India on 26 January 1950}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hyderabad State (1948-56)}}
[[Category:States and territories established in 1948]]
[[Category:History of Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:History of Telangana]]
[[Category:History of Andhra Pradesh (1947–2014)]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1956]]
[[Category:1956 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Former states and territories of India]]