Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case - Revision history

Killerhazard: redirected

2025-11-06T05:47:00Z

redirected

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
+#REDIRECT [[Howrah–Sibpur Conspiracy case]]
-of the accused were arrested by 29 Jan 1910. The trial of the accused commenced on 4 March 1910 with a second hearing in the [[Calcutta High Court]] in July 1910. However, the de-centralised structure of the ''Samiti'' meant the prosecution's attempts to demonstrate the crimes as linked and the ''Samiti'' as a unifying organisation failed. 33 of the accused were subsequently acquitted. Of the accused, [[Jatin Mukherjee]] and [[Narendranath Bhattacharjee]] were among those convicted and sentenced to one-years imprisonment.
+{{Redirect category shell|
+{{R from move}}
-The case is important in having brought [[Jatindranath Mukherjee]]'s work and [[Anushilan Samiti|Samiti network]] under the scrutiny of the Raj.[[Jatindranath Mukherjee]]'s policy of a loose decentralised organisation generated scores of regional units, as observed by F.C. Daly more than once: "The gang is a heterogeneous one, with several advisers and petty chiefs... From information we have on record we may divide the gang into four parts: (1) Gurus, (2) Influential supporters, (3) Leaders, (4) Members."<ref>''Terrorism'' Vol. I, p.60.</ref>  J.C. Nixon's report is more explicit : "Although a separate name and a separate individuality have been given to these various parties in this account of them, and although such a distinction was probably observed amongst the minor members, it is very clear that the bigger figures were in close communication with one another and were frequently accepted members of two or more of these ''samitis''. It may be taken that at some time these various parties were engaged in anarchical crime independently, although in their revolutionary aims and usually in their origins they were all very closely related."<ref>''Terrorism'', Vol. II, p.522.</ref>  Several observers pinpointed Jatin so accurately that the newly appointed Viceroy Lord Hardinge wrote more explicitly to Earl Crewe (H.M.'s Secretary of State for India): "As regards prosecution, I (...) deprecate the net being thrown so wide; as for example in the Howrah Gang Case, where 47 persons are being prosecuted, of whom only ''one is'', I believe, ''the real criminal''. If a concentrated effort had been made to convict ''this one criminal'', I think it would have had a better effect than the prosecution of 46 misguided youths."<ref>Hardinge Papers, Book 117, No.5, preserved at the Cambridge University Archives.</ref> On 28 May 1911, Hardinge recognised : "The [[10th Jats]] case was part and parcel of the Howrah Gang Case; and with the failure in the latter, the Government of Bengal realised the futility of proceeding with the former... In fact, nothing could be worse, in my opinion, than the condition of Bengal and Eastern Bengal. ''There is practically no Government in either province''..."<ref>Hardinge Papers, Book 81, Vol. II, No.231. (italics added).</ref>
+}}

Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

2022-06-04T18:06:28Z

robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:36, 4 June 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July ~~2016~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2022}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July ~~2016~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2022}}
	{{Anushilan Samiti}}		{{Anushilan Samiti}}
	The '''Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case''' refers to the arrest and trials of 47 [[Bengalis\|Bengali]] Indian nationalists of the ''[[Anushilan Samiti]]'' that followed in the wake of the murder of Inspector Shamsul Alam on 24 January 1910 in [[Calcutta]]. Alam was Deputy superintendent and intelligence officer in [[Bengal Police]] investigating the murder of [[Naren Gosain]], crown-witness in the [[Alipore bomb case]], and other murders including those of Ashutosh Biswas, advocate of [[Calcutta High Court]] in charge of prosecution of Gossain murder case, and of Naren Bannerjee, the police officer who arrested [[Khudiram Bose]]. Alam had uncovered the underlying Bengali revolutionary network of the ''Anushilan Samiti'' that linked the murders and other robberies in this time,{{citation needed\|date=October ~~2018~~}} and at the time of his own murder in the hands of [[Biren Dutta Gupta]], Alam was preparing to consolidate the charges to bring them all to trial in a single case.<ref name="Roy6">{{Harvnb\|Roy\|1997\|p=6}} Shamsul Alam, an Intelligence officer who was then preparing to arrest all the revolutionaries and commit them for trial in a single conspiracy case, was murdered by Biren Datta Gupta.</ref>		The '''Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case''' refers to the arrest and trials of 47 [[Bengalis\|Bengali]] Indian nationalists of the ''[[Anushilan Samiti]]'' that followed in the wake of the murder of Inspector Shamsul Alam on 24 January 1910 in [[Calcutta]]. Alam was Deputy superintendent and intelligence officer in [[Bengal Police]] investigating the murder of [[Naren Gosain]], crown-witness in the [[Alipore bomb case]], and other murders including those of Ashutosh Biswas, advocate of [[Calcutta High Court]] in charge of prosecution of Gossain murder case, and of Naren Bannerjee, the police officer who arrested [[Khudiram Bose]]. Alam had uncovered the underlying Bengali revolutionary network of the ''Anushilan Samiti'' that linked the murders and other robberies in this time,{{citation needed\|date=October 2022}} and at the time of his own murder in the hands of [[Biren Dutta Gupta]], Alam was preparing to consolidate the charges to bring them all to trial in a single case.<ref name="Roy6">{{Harvnb\|Roy\|1997\|p=6}} Shamsul Alam, an Intelligence officer who was then preparing to arrest all the revolutionaries and commit them for trial in a single conspiracy case, was murdered by Biren Datta Gupta.</ref>

	47 of the accused were arrested by 29 Jan 1910. The trial of the accused commenced on 4 March 1910 with a second hearing in the [[Calcutta High Court]] in July 1910. However, the de-centralised structure of the ''Samiti'' meant the prosecution's attempts to demonstrate the crimes as linked and the ''Samiti'' as a unifying organisation failed. 33 of the accused were subsequently acquitted. Of the accused, [[Jatin Mukherjee]] and [[Narendranath Bhattacharjee]] were among those convicted and sentenced to one-years imprisonment.		47 of the accused were arrested by 29 Jan 1910. The trial of the accused commenced on 4 March 1910 with a second hearing in the [[Calcutta High Court]] in July 1910. However, the de-centralised structure of the ''Samiti'' meant the prosecution's attempts to demonstrate the crimes as linked and the ''Samiti'' as a unifying organisation failed. 33 of the accused were subsequently acquitted. Of the accused, [[Jatin Mukherjee]] and [[Narendranath Bhattacharjee]] were among those convicted and sentenced to one-years imprisonment.
Line 21:		Line 21:

	[[Category:Anushilan Samiti]]		[[Category:Anushilan Samiti]]
	~~[[Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]~~
	[[Category:1910 in India]]		[[Category:1910 in India]]
	[[Category:Trials in India]]		[[Category:Trials in India]]
	[[Category:History of ~~West Bengal~~]]		[[Category:History of Kolkata]]
	[[Category:Indian case law]]		[[Category:Indian case law]]
	[[Category:1910 crimes in India]]		[[Category:1910 crimes in India]]

->Lancepark: /* References */ template link

2021-07-13T22:02:26Z

References: template link

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:32, 14 July 2021
Line 17:		Line 17:
	==References==		==References==
	* {{citation \|last=Roy \|first=Samaren \|year=1997 \|title=M. N. Roy: A Political Biography \|publisher=Orient Longman \|isbn=81-250-0299-5}}		* {{citation \|last=Roy \|first=Samaren \|year=1997 \|title=M. N. Roy: A Political Biography \|publisher=Orient Longman \|isbn=81-250-0299-5}}

			{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}}

	[[Category:Anushilan Samiti]]		[[Category:Anushilan Samiti]]

>Wbiases at 18:50, 8 September 2020

2020-09-08T18:50:04Z

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Anushilan Samiti}}
The '''Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case''' refers to the arrest and trials of 47 [[Bengalis|Bengali]] Indian nationalists of the ''[[Anushilan Samiti]]'' that followed in the wake of the murder of Inspector Shamsul Alam on 24 January 1910 in [[Calcutta]]. Alam was Deputy superintendent and intelligence officer in [[Bengal Police]] investigating the murder of [[Naren Gosain]], crown-witness in the [[Alipore bomb case]], and other murders including those of Ashutosh Biswas, advocate of [[Calcutta High Court]] in charge of prosecution of Gossain murder case, and of Naren Bannerjee, the police officer who arrested [[Khudiram Bose]]. Alam had uncovered the underlying Bengali revolutionary network of the ''Anushilan Samiti'' that linked the murders and other robberies in this time,{{citation needed|date=October 2018}} and at the time of his own murder in the hands of [[Biren Dutta Gupta]], Alam was preparing to consolidate the charges to bring them all to trial in a single case.<ref name="Roy6">{{Harvnb|Roy|1997|p=6}} Shamsul Alam, an Intelligence officer who was then preparing to arrest all the revolutionaries and commit them for trial in a single conspiracy case, was murdered by Biren Datta Gupta.</ref>

47 of the accused were arrested by 29 Jan 1910. The trial of the accused commenced on 4 March 1910 with a second hearing in the [[Calcutta High Court]] in July 1910. However, the de-centralised structure of the ''Samiti'' meant the prosecution's attempts to demonstrate the crimes as linked and the ''Samiti'' as a unifying organisation failed. 33 of the accused were subsequently acquitted. Of the accused, [[Jatin Mukherjee]] and [[Narendranath Bhattacharjee]] were among those convicted and sentenced to one-years imprisonment.

The case is important in having brought [[Jatindranath Mukherjee]]'s work and [[Anushilan Samiti|Samiti network]] under the scrutiny of the Raj.[[Jatindranath Mukherjee]]'s policy of a loose decentralised organisation generated scores of regional units, as observed by F.C. Daly more than once: "The gang is a heterogeneous one, with several advisers and petty chiefs... From information we have on record we may divide the gang into four parts: (1) Gurus, (2) Influential supporters, (3) Leaders, (4) Members."<ref>''Terrorism'' Vol. I, p.60.</ref> J.C. Nixon's report is more explicit : "Although a separate name and a separate individuality have been given to these various parties in this account of them, and although such a distinction was probably observed amongst the minor members, it is very clear that the bigger figures were in close communication with one another and were frequently accepted members of two or more of these ''samitis''. It may be taken that at some time these various parties were engaged in anarchical crime independently, although in their revolutionary aims and usually in their origins they were all very closely related."<ref>''Terrorism'', Vol. II, p.522.</ref> Several observers pinpointed Jatin so accurately that the newly appointed Viceroy Lord Hardinge wrote more explicitly to Earl Crewe (H.M.'s Secretary of State for India): "As regards prosecution, I (...) deprecate the net being thrown so wide; as for example in the Howrah Gang Case, where 47 persons are being prosecuted, of whom only ''one is'', I believe, ''the real criminal''. If a concentrated effort had been made to convict ''this one criminal'', I think it would have had a better effect than the prosecution of 46 misguided youths."<ref>Hardinge Papers, Book 117, No.5, preserved at the Cambridge University Archives.</ref> On 28 May 1911, Hardinge recognised : "The [[10th Jats]] case was part and parcel of the Howrah Gang Case; and with the failure in the latter, the Government of Bengal realised the futility of proceeding with the former... In fact, nothing could be worse, in my opinion, than the condition of Bengal and Eastern Bengal. ''There is practically no Government in either province''..."<ref>Hardinge Papers, Book 81, Vol. II, No.231. (italics added).</ref>

==See also==
* [[Anushilan Samiti]]
* [[Alipore Bomb case]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{citation |last=Roy |first=Samaren |year=1997 |title=M. N. Roy: A Political Biography |publisher=Orient Longman |isbn=81-250-0299-5}}

[[Category:Anushilan Samiti]]
[[Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]
[[Category:1910 in India]]
[[Category:Trials in India]]
[[Category:History of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian case law]]
[[Category:1910 crimes in India]]