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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}
'''Sir Horace Hyman Phillips''', [[Order of St Michael and St George|KCMG]] (31 May 1917 – 19 March 2004) was a British [[diplomat]]. He was the first British Jewish career ambassador.

== Biography ==
Phillips was born in [[Glasgow]], the eldest of seven children, and the grandson of Jewish emigrants from Eastern Europe. After attending [[Hillhead High School]] he entered the [[Inland Revenue]] as a clerical officer. During the Second World War, he served in the [[British Army|British]] and [[British Indian Army|Indian]] armies for seven years ([[Dorset Regiment|Dorsetshire Regiment]] and [[1st Punjab Regiment]]). He served in Iraq, India, Burma, Ceylon and Malaya, and reached the rank of [[major]] in the Indian Army. While he was in India, probably in mid-1943, he was sent to the School of Japanese Instruction at [[Simla]] and completed a six-month language course for intelligence work.<ref>Peter Kornicki, Eavesdropping on the Emperor: Interrogators and Codebreakers in Britain's War with Japan (London: Hurst & Co., 2021), p. 171.</ref>

Having been rebuffed by the Consular Service before the war due to his social standing, Phillips joined the [[Her Majesty's Diplomatic Service|Diplomatic Service]] in 1947, and served successively in Persia, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Aden, and Iran. He was [[List of Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Indonesia|British ambassador to Indonesia]] from 1966 to 1968. That year, he was selected as the [[British Ambassador to Saudi Arabia|British ambassador to Saudi Arabia]]. Having given their [[agrément]], the Saudi government withdrew it when it was learned that Phillips was Jewish, even though Phillips had previously served in Saudi Arabia without any incident. Though it was reported in the media at the time that he was an "ex-Jew" or "non-practising Jew", he was in fact a member of a [[synagogue]], and a religious Jew throughout his life.

After the abortive Saudi appointment, he was appointed [[List of High Commissioners of the United Kingdom to Tanzania|British high commissioner to Tanzania]] in 1968 and [[List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Turkey|British ambassador to Turkey]] in 1973, and was in post when Turkey invaded Cyprus in 1974. He retired in 1977, and enjoyed a second career of ten years as resident representative for [[Taylor Woodrow]]. He also lectured at [[Bilkent University]] in [[Ankara]] until 1997, latterly on the history of diplomacy.

Phillips was appointed [[Order of St Michael and St George|CMG]] in 1963, and KCMG in 1973.

He was married to [[Idina Phillips|Idina, Lady Phillips]] (''née'' Idina Doreen Morgan) for over 60 years. They had two children and four grown-up grandchildren, one of whom is the BBC correspondent Luisa Baldini.

He authored the book "[[Ihsan Dogramaci]]: A Remarkable Turk" in 1997.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1457733/Sir-Horace-Phillips.html ''Daily Telegraph'' obituary'']
*[http://janus.lib.cam.ac.uk/db/node.xsp?id=EAD%2FGBR%2F0014%2FDOHP%2020 Interview with Sir Horace Phillips] & [https://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/media/uploads/files/Phillips.pdf transcript], British Diplomatic Oral History Programme, Churchill College, Cambridge, 1996

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phillips, Horace}}
[[Category:British Jews]]
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Horace Phillips (diplomat) - Revision history

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