Hooghly River - Revision history

82.132.219.182 at 15:52, 2 May 2026

2026-05-02T15:52:25Z

CleanupBot: clean up

2023-10-07T18:44:22Z

clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:14, 8 October 2023
Line 68:		Line 68:
	The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)\|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal\|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India\|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district\|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert\|20\|mi\|km\|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River \|title=Hugli River \|access-date=8 July 2016 \|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>		The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)\|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal\|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India\|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district\|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert\|20\|mi\|km\|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River \|title=Hugli River \|access-date=8 July 2016 \|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>

	[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806 </ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river		[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806</ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river

	== Tidal bore ==		== Tidal bore ==
	[[File:Hooghly_River_@_Serampore.jpg\|thumb\|Hooghly River, Serampore\|282x282px]]		[[File:Hooghly_River_@_Serampore.jpg\|thumb\|Hooghly River, Serampore\|282x282px]]
	The tide runs rapidly on the Hooghly, and produces a remarkable example of the fluvial phenomenon known as a [[tidal bore]]. This consists of the head-wave of the advancing tide, hemmed in where the estuary narrows suddenly into the river, and often exceeds {{convert\|7\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}} in height. It is felt as high up as Kolkata, and frequently destroys small boats.<ref name="NGeo">{{cite journal \|author1=Helen Schreider \|author2=Frank Schreider \|author1-link=Helen and Frank Schreider \|author2-link=Helen and Frank Schreider \|title=From The Hair Of Siva \|journal=[[National Geographic]] \|date=October 1960 \|volume=118 \|issue=4 \|pages=~~445-503~~}}</ref> A tidal bore which overcame the banks of the river in 1876 was reported to have killed up to a hundred thousand people.<ref name="NGeo" /> The difference from the lowest point of low-water in the dry season to the highest point of high-water in the rains is reported to be {{convert\|20\|ft\|10\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}. The greatest mean rise of tide, about {{convert\|16\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, takes place in March, April or May - with a declining range during the rainy season to a mean of {{convert\|10\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, and a minimum during [[freshet]]s of {{convert\|3\|ft\|6\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}.		The tide runs rapidly on the Hooghly, and produces a remarkable example of the fluvial phenomenon known as a [[tidal bore]]. This consists of the head-wave of the advancing tide, hemmed in where the estuary narrows suddenly into the river, and often exceeds {{convert\|7\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}} in height. It is felt as high up as Kolkata, and frequently destroys small boats.<ref name="NGeo">{{cite journal \|author1=Helen Schreider \|author2=Frank Schreider \|author1-link=Helen and Frank Schreider \|author2-link=Helen and Frank Schreider \|title=From The Hair Of Siva \|journal=[[National Geographic]] \|date=October 1960 \|volume=118 \|issue=4 \|pages=445–503}}</ref> A tidal bore which overcame the banks of the river in 1876 was reported to have killed up to a hundred thousand people.<ref name="NGeo" /> The difference from the lowest point of low-water in the dry season to the highest point of high-water in the rains is reported to be {{convert\|20\|ft\|10\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}. The greatest mean rise of tide, about {{convert\|16\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, takes place in March, April or May - with a declining range during the rainy season to a mean of {{convert\|10\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, and a minimum during [[freshet]]s of {{convert\|3\|ft\|6\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}.

	== History ==		== History ==

Kamal Guha: Correction

2023-07-25T04:34:07Z

Correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:04, 25 July 2023
Line 63:		Line 63:
	}}		}}

	The '''Hooghly River''' (''Hugli''; Anglicized alternatively spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') or the '''Bhāgirathi-Hooghly''', originally and in local tongues the 'Ganga', and also called Kati-Ganga, is an approximately {{convert\|260\|km\|mi\|adj=mid\|-long}} [[distributary]] of the [[Ganges River]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/271249/Hugli-River\|title=Hugli River - river, India}}</ref> The Ganges splits into the [[Padma River\|Padma]] and the Ganga near [[Giria, India\|Giria]], [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]]. Today there is a further man-made bifurcation of the river upstream at [[Farakka]]. The Padma flows eastward into Bangladesh, whereas the Ganga flows south through West Bengal. The river flows through the [[Rarh]] region, the lower deltaic districts of West Bengal, and eventually into the Bay of Bengal. The upper riparian zone of the river is called Bhagirathi while the lower riparian zone is called Hooghly. Major rivers that drain into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly include [[Mayurakshi ~~river~~\|Mayurakshi]], [[Jalangi River\|Jalangi]] , [[Ajay River\|Ajay]], [[Damodar River\|Damodar]], [[Rupnarayan River\|Rupnarayan]] and [[Haldi River\|Haldi]] rivers other than the Ganges. [[Kolkata]] and [[Hugli-Chinsura]], the headquarters of [[Hooghly (district)]], are located on the banks of this river.<ref>{{cite web\|title=District\|url=http://www.voiceofbengal.com/travel/districtInfo.htm?districtID=Hooghly\|publisher=Voiceofbengal.com}}</ref>		The '''Hooghly River''' (''Hugli''; Anglicized alternatively spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') or the '''Bhāgirathi-Hooghly''', originally and in local tongues the 'Ganga', and also called Kati-Ganga, is an approximately {{convert\|260\|km\|mi\|adj=mid\|-long}} [[distributary]] of the [[Ganges River]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/271249/Hugli-River\|title=Hugli River - river, India}}</ref> The Ganges splits into the [[Padma River\|Padma]] and the Ganga near [[Giria, India\|Giria]], [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]]. Today there is a further man-made bifurcation of the river upstream at [[Farakka]]. The Padma flows eastward into Bangladesh, whereas the Ganga flows south through West Bengal. The river flows through the [[Rarh]] region, the lower deltaic districts of West Bengal, and eventually into the Bay of Bengal. The upper riparian zone of the river is called Bhagirathi while the lower riparian zone is called Hooghly. Major rivers that drain into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly include [[Mayurakshi River\|Mayurakshi]], [[Jalangi River\|Jalangi]] , [[Ajay River\|Ajay]], [[Damodar River\|Damodar]], [[Rupnarayan River\|Rupnarayan]] and [[Haldi River\|Haldi]] rivers other than the Ganges. [[Kolkata]] and [[Hugli-Chinsura]], the headquarters of [[Hooghly (district)]], are located on the banks of this river.<ref>{{cite web\|title=District\|url=http://www.voiceofbengal.com/travel/districtInfo.htm?districtID=Hooghly\|publisher=Voiceofbengal.com}}</ref>

	== Course ==		== Course ==

>Gazamp: /* Tidal bore */ Cleanup

2021-06-03T14:44:51Z

Tidal bore: Cleanup

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:14, 3 June 2021
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Use Indian English\|date=~~April 2021~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=October 2016}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~April 2021~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2016}}
	{{More footnotes\|date=~~April 2021~~}}		{{More footnotes\|date=February 2012}}
	{{Infobox river		{{Infobox river
	\| name = Hoogly River		\| name = Hoogly River
Line 63:		Line 63:
	}}		}}

	The '''Hooghly River''' (''Hugli''; Anglicized alternatively spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') or the '''Bhāgirathi-Hooghly''', originally and in local tongues the 'Ganga', and also called Kati-Ganga, is an approximately {{convert\|260\|km\|mi\|adj=mid\|-long}} [[distributary]] of the [[Ganges River]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/271249/Hugli-River\|title=Hugli River - river, India}}</ref> The Ganges splits into the [[Padma River\|Padma]] and the ~~Hooghly~~ near [[Giria, India\|Giria]], [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]]. Today there is a further man-made bifurcation of the river upstream at [[Farakka]]. The Padma flows eastward into Bangladesh, whereas the ~~Hooghly~~ flows south through West Bengal. The river flows through the [[Rarh]] region, the lower deltaic districts of West Bengal, and eventually into the Bay of Bengal. The upper riparian zone of the river is called Bhagirathi while the lower riparian zone is called Hooghly. Major rivers that drain into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly include [[Mayurakshi river\|Mayurakshi]], [[Jalangi ~~river~~\|Jalangi]], [[Ajay River\|Ajay]], [[Damodar River\|Damodar]], [[Rupnarayan River\|Rupnarayan]] and [[Haldi River\|Haldi]] rivers other than the Ganges. [[Kolkata]] and [[Hugli-Chinsura]], the headquarters of [[Hooghly (district)]], are located on the banks of this river.<ref>{{cite web\|title=District\|url=http://www.voiceofbengal.com/travel/districtInfo.htm?districtID=Hooghly\|publisher=Voiceofbengal.com}}</ref>		The '''Hooghly River''' (''Hugli''; Anglicized alternatively spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') or the '''Bhāgirathi-Hooghly''', originally and in local tongues the 'Ganga', and also called Kati-Ganga, is an approximately {{convert\|260\|km\|mi\|adj=mid\|-long}} [[distributary]] of the [[Ganges River]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/271249/Hugli-River\|title=Hugli River - river, India}}</ref> The Ganges splits into the [[Padma River\|Padma]] and the Ganga near [[Giria, India\|Giria]], [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]]. Today there is a further man-made bifurcation of the river upstream at [[Farakka]]. The Padma flows eastward into Bangladesh, whereas the Ganga flows south through West Bengal. The river flows through the [[Rarh]] region, the lower deltaic districts of West Bengal, and eventually into the Bay of Bengal. The upper riparian zone of the river is called Bhagirathi while the lower riparian zone is called Hooghly. Major rivers that drain into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly include [[Mayurakshi river\|Mayurakshi]], [[Jalangi River\|Jalangi]] , [[Ajay River\|Ajay]], [[Damodar River\|Damodar]], [[Rupnarayan River\|Rupnarayan]] and [[Haldi River\|Haldi]] rivers other than the Ganges. [[Kolkata]] and [[Hugli-Chinsura]], the headquarters of [[Hooghly (district)]], are located on the banks of this river.<ref>{{cite web\|title=District\|url=http://www.voiceofbengal.com/travel/districtInfo.htm?districtID=Hooghly\|publisher=Voiceofbengal.com}}</ref>

	== Course ==		== Course ==
	The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)\|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal\|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India\|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district\|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert\|20\|mi\|km\|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River \|title=Hugli River \|access-date=8 July 2016 \|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>		The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)\|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal\|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India\|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district\|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert\|20\|mi\|km\|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River \|title=Hugli River \|access-date=8 July 2016 \|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>

	[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806</ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river		[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806 </ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river

	== Tidal bore ==		== Tidal bore ==
	[[File:Hooghly_River_@_Serampore.jpg\|thumb\|Hooghly River, Serampore\|282x282px]]		[[File:Hooghly_River_@_Serampore.jpg\|thumb\|Hooghly River, Serampore\|282x282px]]
	The tide runs rapidly on the Hooghly, and produces a remarkable example of the fluvial phenomenon known as a [[tidal bore]]. This consists of the head-wave of the advancing tide, hemmed in where the estuary narrows suddenly into the river, and often exceeds {{convert\|7\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}} in height. It is felt as high up as Kolkata, and frequently destroys small boats. The difference from the lowest point of low-water in the dry season to the highest point of high-water in the rains is reported to be {{convert\|20\|ft\|10\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}. The greatest mean rise of tide, about {{convert\|16\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, takes place in March, April or May - with a declining range during the rainy season to a mean of {{convert\|10\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, and a minimum during [[freshet]]s of {{convert\|3\|ft\|6\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}.		The tide runs rapidly on the Hooghly, and produces a remarkable example of the fluvial phenomenon known as a [[tidal bore]]. This consists of the head-wave of the advancing tide, hemmed in where the estuary narrows suddenly into the river, and often exceeds {{convert\|7\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}} in height. It is felt as high up as Kolkata, and frequently destroys small boats.<ref name="NGeo">{{cite journal \|author1=Helen Schreider \|author2=Frank Schreider \|author1-link=Helen and Frank Schreider \|author2-link=Helen and Frank Schreider \|title=From The Hair Of Siva \|journal=[[National Geographic]] \|date=October 1960 \|volume=118 \|issue=4 \|pages=445-503}}</ref> A tidal bore which overcame the banks of the river in 1876 was reported to have killed up to a hundred thousand people.<ref name="NGeo" /> The difference from the lowest point of low-water in the dry season to the highest point of high-water in the rains is reported to be {{convert\|20\|ft\|10\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}. The greatest mean rise of tide, about {{convert\|16\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, takes place in March, April or May - with a declining range during the rainy season to a mean of {{convert\|10\|ft\|m\|abbr=on}}, and a minimum during [[freshet]]s of {{convert\|3\|ft\|6\|in\|m\|abbr=on}}.

	== History ==		== History ==
Line 145:		Line 145:

	==External links==		==External links==

	{{commons\|Hooghly River}}		{{commons\|Hooghly River}}
	* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]		* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]
Line 163:		Line 162:
	[[Category:Tourism in West Bengal]]		[[Category:Tourism in West Bengal]]
	[[Category:Rivers of India]]		[[Category:Rivers of India]]

	~~{{en-Wikipedia}}~~

WikiDwarfBOT: /* External links */Replace {{Source}} tag

2021-04-30T10:46:55Z

External links: Replace {{Source}} tag

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:16, 30 April 2021
Line 145:		Line 145:

	==External links==		==External links==
	~~{{Source\|Wiki\|E}}~~
	{{commons\|Hooghly River}}		{{commons\|Hooghly River}}
	* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]		* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]
Line 163:		Line 163:
	[[Category:Tourism in West Bengal]]		[[Category:Tourism in West Bengal]]
	[[Category:Rivers of India]]		[[Category:Rivers of India]]

			{{en-Wikipedia}}

CleanupBot: /* External links */Add {{source}} tag

2021-04-14T14:27:02Z

External links: Add {{source}} tag

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:57, 14 April 2021
Line 145:		Line 145:

	==External links==		==External links==
			{{Source\|Wiki\|E}}
	{{commons\|Hooghly River}}		{{commons\|Hooghly River}}
	* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]		* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]

CleanupBot: clean up

2021-04-14T08:42:59Z

clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:12, 14 April 2021
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Use Indian English\|date=~~October 2016~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=April 2021}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~October 2016~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2021}}
	{{More footnotes\|date=~~February 2012~~}}		{{More footnotes\|date=April 2021}}
	{{Infobox river		{{Infobox river
	\| name = Hoogly River		\| name = Hoogly River

CleanupBot: /* Course */clean up

2021-04-12T10:11:37Z

Course: clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:41, 12 April 2021
Line 68:		Line 68:
	The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)\|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal\|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India\|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district\|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert\|20\|mi\|km\|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River \|title=Hugli River \|access-date=8 July 2016 \|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>		The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)\|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal\|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India\|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district\|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert\|20\|mi\|km\|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River \|title=Hugli River \|access-date=8 July 2016 \|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>

	[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806 </ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river		[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806</ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river

	== Tidal bore ==		== Tidal bore ==

Kannadaguy: 1 revision imported

2021-04-12T07:45:27Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 13:15, 12 April 2021
(No difference)

en>বাক্যবাগীশ: Correction

2021-03-20T15:04:22Z

Correction

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{More footnotes|date=February 2012}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Hoogly River
| name_other = Bhāgirathi-Hooghly
| etymology =
| image = HooghlyRiverOverBally gobeirne.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = The Hooghly River viewed over the town of [[Bally, Howrah]]
| image_alt =
| map = Hooghly.jpg
| map_size =
| map_caption = Map of the Hooghly River
| map_alt =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_caption=
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = India
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = West Bengal
| subdivision_type3 =Districts
| subdivision_name3 =Murshidabad, Nadia, Purba Bardhaman, Hooghly, Howrah, North 24 Paraganas, Kolkata, South 24 Paraganas, East Midnapore
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| subdivision_type5 =
| subdivision_name5 =

| source1 =
| source1_location =
| source1_coordinates= 
| source1_elevation =
| mouth =
| mouth_location =
| mouth_coordinates = 
| mouth_elevation =
| progression =
| river_system =
| basin_size =
| basin_landmarks =
| basin_population =
| tributaries_left =
| tributaries_right =
| waterbodies =
| waterfalls =
| bridges =[[Vidyasagar Setu]] (Second Hooghly Bridge) [[Rabindra Setu]] (Howrah Bridge) [[Nivedita Setu]] [[Vivekananda Setu]] (Bally bridge) [[Sampreeti Bridge]] [[Jubilee Bridge (India)|Jubilee Bridge]] [[Ishwar Gupta Setu]] [[Gouranga Bridge|Gourango Setu]] [[Ramendra Sundar Tribedi Setu]] [[Jangipur Bhagirathi Bridge]]
| ports =

| length = 260 kilometres
| width_min =
| width_avg =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| depth_avg =
| depth_max =117 m
| discharge1_location=
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg =
| discharge1_max =
| custom_label =
| custom_data =
| extra =
}}

The '''Hooghly River''' (''Hugli''; Anglicized alternatively spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') or the '''Bhāgirathi-Hooghly''', originally and in local tongues the 'Ganga', and also called Kati-Ganga, is an approximately {{convert|260|km|mi|adj=mid|-long}} [[distributary]] of the [[Ganges River]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/271249/Hugli-River|title=Hugli River - river, India}}</ref> The Ganges splits into the [[Padma River|Padma]] and the Hooghly near [[Giria, India|Giria]], [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]. Today there is a further man-made bifurcation of the river upstream at [[Farakka]]. The Padma flows eastward into Bangladesh, whereas the Hooghly flows south through West Bengal. The river flows through the [[Rarh]] region, the lower deltaic districts of West Bengal, and eventually into the Bay of Bengal. The upper riparian zone of the river is called Bhagirathi while the lower riparian zone is called Hooghly. Major rivers that drain into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly include [[Mayurakshi river|Mayurakshi]], [[Jalangi river|Jalangi]], [[Ajay River|Ajay]], [[Damodar River|Damodar]], [[Rupnarayan River|Rupnarayan]] and [[Haldi River|Haldi]] rivers other than the Ganges. [[Kolkata]] and [[Hugli-Chinsura]], the headquarters of [[Hooghly (district)]], are located on the banks of this river.<ref>{{cite web|title=District|url=http://www.voiceofbengal.com/travel/districtInfo.htm?districtID=Hooghly|publisher=Voiceofbengal.com}}</ref>

== Course ==
The vast majority of the water that flows into the Hooghly River is provided by the man-made [[Feeder Canal (Farakka)|Farakka Feeder Canal]], rather than the natural source of the river at Giria. The [[Farakka Barrage]] is a dam that diverts water from the [[Ganges]] into the Farakka Feeder Canal near the town of Tildanga in [[Murshidabad district]], located 40 km upstream from Giria. This supplies the Hooghly with water as per agreement between India and Bangladesh. The feeder canal runs parallel to the Ganges, past [[Dhulian]], until just above [[Jahangirpur, West Bengal|Jahangirpur]] where the canal ends and joins the Bhagirathi river. The Bhagirathi then flows south past [[Jiaganj Azimganj]], [[Murshidabad]], and [[Baharampur]]. South of Baharampur and north of [[Palashi]] it used to form the border between [[Bardhaman District]] and [[Nadia District]], but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. The river then flows south past [[Katwa]], [[Nabadwip]], [[Kalna, India|Kalna]] and [[Jirat]]. At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and [[Hooghly District]], and then further south between Hooghly District and [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas District]]. It flows past [[Halisahar]], [[Chinsurah]], [[Serampore]], and [[Kamarhati]]. Then, just before entering the twin cities of [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Howrah]], it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges, and turns south to empty into the [[Bay of Bengal]] through an estuary about {{convert|20|mi|km|abbr=on}} wide.<ref name="hooghlyBritannica">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hugli-River |title=Hugli River |access-date=8 July 2016 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>

[[Ain-i-Akbari]],<ref>https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog The Ain I Akbary Abul Fazl Allammi Vol-2,Translated by Colonel H.S.Jarrett published by The Asiatic Society of Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press in 1891 Calcutta page-120.</ref> a book by [[Abu'l-Fazl]], describes that the river Ganga and river Sarwasati (Sarsuti) streams of lower Bengal had different flows. According to the footnotes of this book, the colour of the water of the Sarawasati was white, the colour of another stream named Jamuna was blue, and the colour of the Ganga was muddy and yellowish. From Kolkata the main flow of the Hooghly-Bhagirathi (or Ganga) used to run along the side of the [[Kalighat]] temple, [[Baruipur]], [[Jaynagar]], [[Chhatrabhog]] and Hatiagarh. At that time, between Khiderpore and Sankrail<ref>https://cclpworldwide.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hooghly-Jelar-Itihas-Sudhir-Kumar-Mitra.pdf Jelar Itihas Sudhir kumar Mitra/ page no 792 (original book) internate page 806 </ref> no flow existed. Presently, the stream between Khiderpore and Sankrail became known as '''KatiGanga'''. A channel had been dug at the time of Alibardi Khan in the middle of 18th century. This happened with the assistance of Dutch traders, who also set up a toll point on the Hooghly river.<ref>Chakraborty, Satyesh C. "The Story of River Port". Kolkata Port Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2007-12-10.</ref> So the present reach of the Hooghly is actually the lower part of the historical Saraswati.the capital of [[Kolkata]] is located near Hoogly river

== Tidal bore ==
[[File:Hooghly_River_@_Serampore.jpg|thumb|Hooghly River, Serampore|282x282px]]
The tide runs rapidly on the Hooghly, and produces a remarkable example of the fluvial phenomenon known as a [[tidal bore]]. This consists of the head-wave of the advancing tide, hemmed in where the estuary narrows suddenly into the river, and often exceeds {{convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on}} in height. It is felt as high up as Kolkata, and frequently destroys small boats. The difference from the lowest point of low-water in the dry season to the highest point of high-water in the rains is reported to be {{convert|20|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}}. The greatest mean rise of tide, about {{convert|16|ft|m|abbr=on}}, takes place in March, April or May - with a declining range during the rainy season to a mean of {{convert|10|ft|m|abbr=on}}, and a minimum during [[freshet]]s of {{convert|3|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}.

== History ==
In its upper reaches the river is generally known as the Bhāgirathi, until it reaches Hooghly. The word Bhāgirathi literally means "caused by [[Bhagiratha]]", a [[mythology|mythical]] Sagar Dynasty prince who was instrumental in bringing the river Ganges from the heavens on to the earth, in order to release his 60,000 grand-uncles from a curse of the saint [[Kapila]].

In 1974, the [[Farakka Barrage]] began diverting water into the Hooghly during the dry season so as to reduce the silting difficulties at Kolkata's port.

Like the rest of the Ganges, the Bhāgirathi-Hooghly is considered sacred to [[Hindu]]s,<ref>https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/what-is-the-origin-of-holy-river-ganga-1536924684-1</ref> and its water is considered holy.

== Bridges ==
[[File:Sunset at Hooghly.jpg|thumb|Sunset at River Hooghly, Kolkata, West Bengal, India]]
The following bridges currently span the Hooghly/Bhagirathi River; listed from south to north (mouth to source), until the Farakka Feeder Canal meets the river:

*[[Vidyasagar Setu]] (Second Hooghly Bridge)- inaugurated in October 1992, connecting [[Howrah]] and [[Kolkata]]
*[[Howrah Bridge|Rabindra Setu]] (Howrah Bridge) - inaugurated in February 1943, connecting Howrah and Kolkata
*[[Nivedita Setu]] (Second Vivekananda Bridge) - inaugurated in July 2007, connecting [[Bally, Howrah|Bally]] and [[Dakshineswar|Dakhineswar]]; runs adjacent to Vivekananda Setu
*[[Vivekananda Setu]] (Bally Bridge; road and rail bridge) - inaugurated in December 1932, connecting [[Bally, Howrah|Bally]] and [[Dakshineswar|Dakhineswar]]; runs adjacent to Nivedita Setu
*[[Sampreeti Bridge|Sampreeti Setu]] (New Jubilee Bridge; rail only) - inaugurated in August 2016, connecting [[Bandel]] and [[Naihati]]; replaced the now-decommissioned [[Jubilee Bridge (India)|Jubilee Bridge]]
*[[Ishwar Gupta Setu]] (Kalyani Bridge) - inaugurated in 1989, connecting [[Bansberia]] and [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]]
* [[Gouranga Bridge|Gourango Setu]] - connecting [[Nabadwip]] and [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
* Ramendra Sundar Tribedi Setu - connecting Khagraghat and [[Baharampur]]
* Jangipur Bhagirathi Bridge - connecting [[Raghunathganj]] and [[Jangipur(WB)|Jangipur]][[File:Jubilee Bridge (Naihati-Bandel) by Piyal Kundu.jpg|thumb|[[Jubilee Bridge (India)|Jubilee Bridge]] on Hooghly River between [[Naihati]] and [[Bandel]]]]

The following bridges are under various stages of development:

*[[Nashipur Rail Bridge]] (rail only) - partially constructed; connecting [[Jiaganj Azimganj|Azimganj]] and [[Murshidabad]]
* Kalna - Shantipur Bridge<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/three-river-bridges-in-wb-to-boost-trade-highlight-culture-4877522/|title=Three river bridges in WB to boost trade, highlight culture|date=2017-10-06|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-03-12|language=en-US}}</ref> - announced
* Fuleshwar - Budge Budge Bridge<ref name=":0" /> - announced

== Economics ==
[[File:Ferry Howrah Bridge.jpg|thumb|A ferry operating between Howrah and Kolkata with Howrah Bridge (Rabindra Setu) in background]]The Bhāgirathi-Hooghly river system is an essential lifeline for the people of West Bengal. It was through this river that the East India company sailed into Bengal and established their trade settlement, Calcutta, the capital of British India. People from other countries such as the French, Dutch, Portuguese, etc. all had their trade settlements by the banks of this river.

The river provides a perennial supply of water to the plain of West Bengal for irrigation and human & industry consumption. The river is navigable and a major transport system in the region with a large traffic flow. For a long time, the [[Port of Kolkata|Calcutta Port]] was the biggest port of India. Although in the past its significance had gone down, recently it has reached the 3rd position in the list of Indian Ports. The modern container port of [[Haldia]], on the intersection of lower Hooghly and Haldi River, now carries much of the region's maritime trade. One new port will be built in the deep sea to reduce the load on Calcutta port.

Despite being polluted, the fish from the river are important to the local economy.
[[File:Howrah Pano 4.jpg|thumb|right|Panoramic view of Kolkata from Howrah with Second Hooghly Bridge]]
The Hooghly river valley was the most important industrial area of the state of Bengal. Due to declining [[Jute trade|jute industry]], the prime industry of this region, but it is still one of the biggest industrial areas of India. It has number of small cities which forms the [[Neighbourhoods in Kolkata|Greater Kolkata agglomeration]], the second biggest Indian city and former capital.

In September 2015, the [[Government of West Bengal]] announced that renovation of the Hooghly riverfront in Kolkata will be completed with the help of [[World Bank]] funding under the [[National Ganga River Basin Authority|National Ganga River Basin Project Scheme]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/good-governance/west-bengal/World-Bank-to-fund-Hooghly-riverfront-revamp/articleshow/48785461.cms|title=World Bank to fund Hooghly riverfront revamp - Times of India}}</ref>

== Hooghly River in arts ==
[[File:Howrah Arati 1.jpg|thumb|Ganga Arati on the banks of the Hooghly river, [[Howrah]]]]
[[File:From the Harvest Fields of Bengal.jpg|thumb|The Hooghly River from the Harvest Fields of Bengal, c. 1905]]
[[File:Diamond Harbour on the Bank of Hoogly.jpg|thumb|Hooghly River near [[Diamond Harbour]]]]
===Literature===
[[Rudyard Kipling]] wrote an article, ''On the Banks of the Hugli''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telelib.com/words/authors/K/KiplingRudyard/prose/FromSeaToSea/dreadnight_IV.html |title=Chapter IV - City of Dreadful Night - From Sea to Sea - Rudyard Kipling, Book, etext |publisher=Telelib.com |date=1 February 2003 |access-date=25 August 2013}}</ref> (1888), and a short story set on the Hooghli, ''An Unqualified Pilot''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telelib.com/words/authors/K/KiplingRudyard/prose/LandandSea/unqualifiedpilot.html |title=An Unqualified Pilot - Land & Sea Tales - For Scouts and Guides - Rudyard Kipling, Book, etext |publisher=Telelib.com |date=1 March 2003 |access-date=25 August 2013}}</ref> (1895).

===Cultural events===
The '''Silk River''' project aims at exploring the artistic relationship between Kolkata and [[London]] through artistic exchange from 10 locations each along the Hooghly River and the [[River Thames]]. The 10 places along the Hooghly River are [[Murshidabad]], [[Krishnagar]], [[Chandannagar|Chandernagore]], [[Barrackpore]], [[Jorasanko]], [[Bowbazar]], [[Howrah]], [[Kidderpore]], [[Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden|Botanical Gardens]] and [[Batanagar]]. Ten scrolls, painted in the [[Patua]] tradition, depicting the 10 places will be carried along the Hooghly River. The event began at Murshidabad on 7 December 2017 and ended at the [[Victoria Memorial]], Kolkata on 17 December.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Chatterjee|first1=Chandreyee|title=Exploring the River Connect|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1161110/jsp/calcutta/story_118362.jsp|access-date=21 July 2017|agency=The Telegraph|issue=Kolkata|publisher=ABP|date=10 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Basu|first1=Anasuya|title=River Walk to Boost Ties|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170721/jsp/calcutta/story_163070.jsp|access-date=21 July 2017|agency=The Telegraph|issue=Kolkata|publisher=ABP|date=21 July 2017}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Hooghly River in Kolkata, India.jpg|Boats on Hooghly River
File:Hooghly Riverfront in Kolkata, India.jpg|Hooghly River in Kolkata
Image:Hooghly River 1915.gif|Boats and men on the banks of the Hooghly river, 1915
File:Manor Floatel - Hooghly River 2012-01-14 0915.JPG|The Floatel in Kolkata located on the river
Image:Prinsep Ghat.jpg|The [[Prinsep Ghat]] which is located on the bank of the Hooghly River
File: Bansberia Ganga.jpg|Char on the river at [[Bansberia]], [[Hooghly district]]
File:Shimurali river bank.jpg|Boats on the river at [[Shimurali]], [[Nadia district]]
File:Bhagirathi River Behind Hazarduari Palace Murshidabad.JPG|The river behind [[Hazarduari Palace]] in [[Murshidabad district]]
File:Kolkata - Hooghly River 2012-01-14 0924.JPG|The city of Kolkata lies along the banks of the Hooghly
File: Hoogly_River.JPG|Boat seen from the bank of the Hoogly River at Kolkata
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[List of rivers of India]]
* [[Kolkata Eye]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Hugli (river)}}

==External links==
{{commons|Hooghly River}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060928222709/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17410 Hugli River] at [[NASA Earth Observatory]]
* [http://www.hooghlydistrict.info/ Hooghly District Information]
{{Rivers in and around Bengal}}
{{Tourist attractions in Kolkata}}

{{coord|21|55|N|88|05|E|display=title|region:IN_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Distributaries of the Ganges]]
[[Category:Rivers of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Geography of Kolkata]]
[[Category:Howrah]]
[[Category:Sundarbans]]
[[Category:Tourism in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]