Home Guard (India) - Revision history

Bot: robot: Create/update articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

2022-08-26T08:51:53Z

robot: Create/update articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:21, 26 August 2022
Line 2:		Line 2:
	{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2016}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2016}}

	The '''Indian Home Guard''' is a volunteer tasked as an auxiliary to the [[Indian police]].<ref name="ARMF">{{cite web\|url=http://india.gov.in/govt/armedforces.php \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108175608/http://india.gov.in/govt/armedforces.php \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=8 January 2011 \|title=Defence & Paramilitary Personnel \|publisher=National Portal of India \|access-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref> The '''Home Guards''' Organisation was reorganised in [[India]] in 1966 after the [[Sino-Indian War]] with the [[China\|People's Republic of China]], though it existed in smaller units individually in some places. Home Guards are recruited from various cross sections of the civil society such as professionals, college students, agricultural and industrial workers (but only to the government) etc who give their spare time for betterment of the community. All [[Citizen of India\|citizens of India]], in the age group of 18–50, are eligible. Normal tenure of membership in Home Guards is three to five years.<ref name="DGCD">{{cite web \|url=http://up-police-recruitment.in/ \|title=Home Guards \|publisher=National Portal of India \|access-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref>		The '''Indian Home Guard''' is a volunteer tasked as an auxiliary to the [[Indian Police Service\|Indian police]].<ref name="ARMF">{{cite web\|url=http://india.gov.in/govt/armedforces.php \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108175608/http://india.gov.in/govt/armedforces.php \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=8 January 2011 \|title=Defence & Paramilitary Personnel \|publisher=National Portal of India \|access-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref> The '''Home Guards''' Organisation was reorganised in [[India]] in 1966 after the [[Sino-Indian War]] with the [[China\|People's Republic of China]], though it existed in smaller units individually in some places. Home Guards are recruited from various cross sections of the civil society such as professionals, college students, agricultural and industrial workers (but only to the government) etc who give their spare time for betterment of the community. All [[Citizen of India\|citizens of India]], in the age group of 18–50, are eligible. Normal tenure of membership in Home Guards is three to five years.<ref name="DGCD">{{cite web \|url=http://up-police-recruitment.in/ \|title=Home Guards \|publisher=National Portal of India \|access-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	The Home Guard was originally raised in the erstwhile [[Bombay Presidency\|Bombay Province]] in 1946. Apart from [[Indian Army\|Army]], [[Indian Navy\|Navy]], [[Indian Air Force\|Air Force]] and other security agencies, the twin voluntary organisations – Civil Defence & Home Guards were raised to provide protection to citizens in any untoward situation. Therefore, 6 December every year is celebrated throughout the nation as Raising Day of the organisation. On that day in 1946, the first Home Guards Unit was conceived and raised in erstwhile Bombay Presidency during turmoil period of civil disorders and communal riots, as a civilian voluntary force in aid of administration as an auxiliary to police, under the stewardship of [[Morarji Desai]], former [[Prime Minister of India\|Prime Minister]].<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/hg.htm</ref><ref name= "GAZBOM">{{cite web\|url=http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/greater_bombay/law.html \|title=Law, Order and Justice \|publisher= Maharashtra State Gazetteers \|year= 1987 \|access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> in accordance with the ''Home Guards Acts and Rules of States/Union Territories'', under the [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)\|Ministry of Home Affairs]].		The Home Guard was originally raised in the erstwhile [[Bombay Presidency\|Bombay Province]] in 1946. Apart from [[Indian Army\|Army]], [[Indian Navy\|Navy]], [[Indian Air Force\|Air Force]] and other security agencies, the twin voluntary organisations – Civil Defence & Home Guards were raised to provide protection to citizens in any untoward situation. Therefore, 6 December every year is celebrated throughout the nation as Raising Day of the organisation. On that day in 1946, the first Home Guards Unit was conceived and raised in erstwhile Bombay Presidency during turmoil period of civil disorders and communal riots, as a civilian voluntary force in aid of administration as an auxiliary to police, under the stewardship of [[Morarji Desai]], former [[Prime Minister of India\|Prime Minister]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/hg.htm\|title=Home Guards - India}}</ref><ref name= "GAZBOM">{{cite web\|url=http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/greater_bombay/law.html \|title=Law, Order and Justice \|publisher= Maharashtra State Gazetteers \|year= 1987 \|access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> in accordance with the ''Home Guards Acts and Rules of States/Union Territories'', under the [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)\|Ministry of Home Affairs]].

	The [[Maharashtra]] Home Guards was utilised by the Civil Defence<ref name= "GAZBOM"/> which came into existence in 1952 under the name of Home Defence (New Civil Defence Act is 27 of 1968). In view of these the Maharashtra Home Guards and the [[Government of Maharashtra\|State Government]] could assist [[Government of India\|Central Government]] in organising the Home Guards and Civil Defence creditably during External aggression in 1962. On some occasions the organisation went out of its lawful jurisdiction in order to render help as during the floods in [[Surat]] in 1956; civil defence measures organised in [[Assam]] in 1962; special services rendered at the exposition of St Xavier's body in [[Goa]] in 1964, etc. They also rendered yeomen's service during several strikes of [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation\|Bombay Municipal Corporation]] employees, and fully manned the essential services such as fire brigade, water supply and hospital services for a number of days.<ref name= "GAZBOM"/> At this time the Home Defence was permitted to be brought to limelight by changing the ''Home Defence'' to ''Civil Defence''. The policies of State Civil Defence Committee were based on the directives issued by the [[Government of India]].		The [[Maharashtra]] Home Guards was utilised by the Civil Defence<ref name= "GAZBOM"/> which came into existence in 1952 under the name of Home Defence (New Civil Defence Act is 27 of 1968). In view of these the Maharashtra Home Guards and the [[Government of Maharashtra\|State Government]] could assist [[Government of India\|Central Government]] in organising the Home Guards and Civil Defence creditably during External aggression in 1962. On some occasions the organisation went out of its lawful jurisdiction in order to render help as during the floods in [[Surat]] in 1956; civil defence measures organised in [[Assam]] in 1962; special services rendered at the exposition of St Xavier's body in [[Goa]] in 1964, etc. They also rendered yeomen's service during several strikes of [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation\|Bombay Municipal Corporation]] employees, and fully manned the essential services such as fire brigade, water supply and hospital services for a number of days.<ref name= "GAZBOM"/> At this time the Home Defence was permitted to be brought to limelight by changing the ''Home Defence'' to ''Civil Defence''. The policies of State Civil Defence Committee were based on the directives issued by the [[Government of India]].
Line 18:		Line 18:
	* To function as an emergency force intended for special tasks directly or indirectly connected with the defence of the country.		* To function as an emergency force intended for special tasks directly or indirectly connected with the defence of the country.
	* To maintain functional units to provide essential services such as motor transport, engineering groups, [[fire brigade]], [[nursing]] and [[first aid]], operation of [[power supply]], water installations and communication systems etc.		* To maintain functional units to provide essential services such as motor transport, engineering groups, [[fire brigade]], [[nursing]] and [[first aid]], operation of [[power supply]], water installations and communication systems etc.
	* The Border Wing of 18 battalions assists the [[Border Security Force]] in preventing infiltration on the international border/coastal areas, guarding of VA/VPs and lines of communication and vulnerable areas at the time of external aggression. The 18 battalions are deployed as follows: Assam (one bn), Gujarat (4 bns), [[Meghalaya]] (one bn), [[Punjab, India\|Punjab]] (6 bns), Rajasthan (4 bns), [[Tripura]] (one bn), and [[West Bengal]] (one bn).<ref name="dgcd.nic.in">{{Cite web \|url=http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm \|title=~~Archived copy~~ \|access-date=17 March 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307193325/http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm \|archive-date=7 March 2012 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>		* The Border Wing of 18 battalions assists the [[Border Security Force]] in preventing infiltration on the international border/coastal areas, guarding of VA/VPs and lines of communication and vulnerable areas at the time of external aggression. The 18 battalions are deployed as follows: Assam (one bn), Gujarat (4 bns), [[Meghalaya]] (one bn), [[Punjab, India\|Punjab]] (6 bns), Rajasthan (4 bns), [[Tripura]] (one bn), and [[West Bengal]] (one bn).<ref name="dgcd.nic.in">{{Cite web \|url=http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm \|title=Director General of Civil Defense \|access-date=17 March 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307193325/http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm \|archive-date=7 March 2012 \|url-status=dead }}</ref>
	* Marine units function as an [[Indian Coast Guard]] auxiliary.		* Marine units function as an [[Indian Coast Guard]] auxiliary.
	* The Fire Wing assists the Indian fire service.		* The Fire Wing assists the Indian fire service.

>Neel.arunabh: Fix incorrect ref formatting – You can help!

2021-05-03T03:41:56Z

Fix incorrect ref formatting – You can help!

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}

The '''Indian Home Guard''' is a volunteer tasked as an auxiliary to the [[Indian police]].<ref name="ARMF">{{cite web|url=http://india.gov.in/govt/armedforces.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108175608/http://india.gov.in/govt/armedforces.php |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 January 2011 |title=Defence & Paramilitary Personnel |publisher=National Portal of India |access-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref> The '''Home Guards''' Organisation was reorganised in [[India]] in 1966 after the [[Sino-Indian War]] with the [[China|People's Republic of China]], though it existed in smaller units individually in some places. Home Guards are recruited from various cross sections of the civil society such as professionals, college students, agricultural and industrial workers (but only to the government) etc who give their spare time for betterment of the community. All [[Citizen of India|citizens of India]], in the age group of 18–50, are eligible. Normal tenure of membership in Home Guards is three to five years.<ref name="DGCD">{{cite web |url=http://up-police-recruitment.in/ |title=Home Guards |publisher=National Portal of India |access-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref>

==History==
The Home Guard was originally raised in the erstwhile [[Bombay Presidency|Bombay Province]] in 1946. Apart from [[Indian Army|Army]], [[Indian Navy|Navy]], [[Indian Air Force|Air Force]] and other security agencies, the twin voluntary organisations – Civil Defence & Home Guards were raised to provide protection to citizens in any untoward situation. Therefore, 6 December every year is celebrated throughout the nation as Raising Day of the organisation. On that day in 1946, the first Home Guards Unit was conceived and raised in erstwhile Bombay Presidency during turmoil period of civil disorders and communal riots, as a civilian voluntary force in aid of administration as an auxiliary to police, under the stewardship of [[Morarji Desai]], former [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]].<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/hg.htm</ref><ref name= "GAZBOM">{{cite web|url=http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/greater_bombay/law.html |title=Law, Order and Justice |publisher= Maharashtra State Gazetteers |year= 1987 |access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> in accordance with the ''Home Guards Acts and Rules of States/Union Territories'', under the [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]].

The [[Maharashtra]] Home Guards was utilised by the Civil Defence<ref name= "GAZBOM"/> which came into existence in 1952 under the name of Home Defence (New Civil Defence Act is 27 of 1968). In view of these the Maharashtra Home Guards and the [[Government of Maharashtra|State Government]] could assist [[Government of India|Central Government]] in organising the Home Guards and Civil Defence creditably during External aggression in 1962. On some occasions the organisation went out of its lawful jurisdiction in order to render help as during the floods in [[Surat]] in 1956; civil defence measures organised in [[Assam]] in 1962; special services rendered at the exposition of St Xavier's body in [[Goa]] in 1964, etc. They also rendered yeomen's service during several strikes of [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation|Bombay Municipal Corporation]] employees, and fully manned the essential services such as fire brigade, water supply and hospital services for a number of days.<ref name= "GAZBOM"/> At this time the Home Defence was permitted to be brought to limelight by changing the ''Home Defence'' to ''Civil Defence''. The policies of State Civil Defence Committee were based on the directives issued by the [[Government of India]].

This Home Guard organisation is also active in [[West Bengal|Bengal]], [[Rajasthan]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Madhya Pradesh]] and [[Gujarat]].

==Functions==

The functions to be performed by Home Guards are listed below:
* To serve as [[auxiliary police|auxiliary]] to the police and generally help in maintaining internal security.
* To help the community in any kind of emergency—such as on [[air-raid precautions]] or on any natural disaster.
* To function as an emergency force intended for special tasks directly or indirectly connected with the defence of the country.
* To maintain functional units to provide essential services such as motor transport, engineering groups, [[fire brigade]], [[nursing]] and [[first aid]], operation of [[power supply]], water installations and communication systems etc.
* The Border Wing of 18 battalions assists the [[Border Security Force]] in preventing infiltration on the international border/coastal areas, guarding of VA/VPs and lines of communication and vulnerable areas at the time of external aggression. The 18 battalions are deployed as follows: Assam (one bn), Gujarat (4 bns), [[Meghalaya]] (one bn), [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] (6 bns), Rajasthan (4 bns), [[Tripura]] (one bn), and [[West Bengal]] (one bn).<ref name="dgcd.nic.in">{{Cite web |url=http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=17 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307193325/http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm |archive-date=7 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Marine units function as an [[Indian Coast Guard]] auxiliary.
* The Fire Wing assists the Indian fire service.

[[File:HGs-Dhu-Dem1.jpg|thumb|left|Home Guards demonstration - fire tender operation - 1970]]

[[File:HGs-Dhu-Dem3.jpg|thumb|Home Guards demonstration - fire fighting - 1970]]

[[File:HGs-Dhu-Dem2.jpg|thumb|Home Guards demonstration - first aid - 1970]]

==Strength and organisation==
The total strength of Home Guards in the country is 5,73,793 against which the present raised strength is 4,86,401 Home Guards in 25 [[States of India|state]] and the [[Union territory|union territories]]. It doesn't exist in [[Kerala]] as its duties are performed by other organisations.<ref name="dgcd.nic.in"/>

==Training==

Central Civil Defence training centres were established in various [[States and territories of India|states]] to impart training to both Civil Defence and Home Guards personnel. The training consists of individual as well as team training. After Independence the task of civil defence training was revived only after 1962.

==Equipment==
The Home Guard is equipped with and trained to use older weapons such as the .303 [[Lee–Enfield|Lee–Enfield SMLE rifle]], [[Sten]] and [[Bren]] guns which are manufactured indigenously by the [[Indian Ordnance Factories]].

==Personnel==
Personnel are recruited from various people to include doctors, lawyers, teachers, employees of public and private sector organisations, college and university students, agricultural and industrial workers and others who give their spare time to their communities. All 18 to 50-year-old citizens of India are eligible for membership and normally serve from three to five years each. Members are paid an allowance when called up for service. All members, after their first three-year term of service, are eligible to be trained by the police in the maintenance of law and order, crime prevention, anti-[[dacoit]] measures, border control, disaster relief, fire prevention and fire fighting, election and social welfare activities.<ref name= "DGCD"/>

==In the news==
The administration of Home Guards in [[Madhya Pradesh]] has been in news in mid-2016. The Home Guards volunteers were being governed from 1956 till April 2016 in Madhya Pradesh under the CP and Barar Home Guards Rules 1947.<ref>[https://newsroom24x7.com/2016/10/08/ips-postings-and-cadre-management-leave-much-to-be-desired-in-madhya-pradesh/ Newsroom24x7 [para 8<nowiki>]</nowiki>]</ref> A raging controversy erupted in 2016 over the retirement age of the Home Guards volunteers in Madhya Pradesh.<ref>[https://newsroom24x7.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/rule-27-relating-to-mp-home-guard-volunteers-notified-on-13-april-2016.jpg Home Guards retirement age]</ref> This even led to rumours and abrupt removal of the State DG Home Guards. This episode raises questions about the working of the administrative machinery and cadre management of an elite all India service like the [[Indian Police Service]] (IPS) in Madhya Pradesh.<ref>[https://newsroom24x7.com/2016/10/08/ips-postings-and-cadre-management-leave-much-to-be-desired-in-madhya-pradesh/ IPS postings and cadre management in Madhya Pradesh]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{commons category|Home Guards}}

# Civil Defence, ''Journal of the Civil Defence Services'', Editor Col.Kr.D.S.Rawal, Vol 1, 1970 No. 1.
# India, Ary of Congress.

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120307193325/http://dgcd.nic.in/home_guards.htm Ministry of Home Affairs Home Guard page]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180227075908/http://www.dgcd.nic.in/ Ministry of Home Affairs Directorate General of Civil Defense]

{{Law enforcement in India}}
{{India topics}}

[[Category:Paramilitary forces of India]]
[[Category:Federal law enforcement agencies of India|Home Guard]]
[[Category:1946 establishments in British India]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1946]]