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			{{Short description\|Tibeto-Burman language spoken in India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2018}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2018}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=December 2018}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=December 2018}}
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	{{Languages of Northeast India}}		{{Languages of Northeast India}}

	[[Category:~~Kukish~~ languages]]		[[Category:Kuki-Chin languages]]
	[[Category:Languages of Assam]]		[[Category:Languages of Assam]]
	[[Category:Languages of Manipur]]		[[Category:Languages of Manipur]]
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	[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]		[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]
	[[Category:Languages of Tripura]]		[[Category:Languages of Tripura]]
			[[Category:Hmar]]


	{{st-lang-stub}}		{{st-lang-stub}}

imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: Removing from Category:Languages of India in subcat using Cat-a-lot

2021-08-17T21:55:46Z

Removing from Category:Languages of India in subcat using Cat-a-lot

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Hmar
| nativename =
| pronunciation = {{IPA-bodia|m̥a|}}
| states = India
| region = [[Mizoram]], [[Manipur]], [[Assam]], [[Tripura]], and [[Meghalaya]]
| ethnicity = [[Hmar people|Hmar]]
| speakers = 98,988
| ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2018-07-07}}</ref>
| familycolor = Sino-Tibetan
| fam2 = [[Tibeto-Burman]]
| fam3 = [[Kuki-Chin|South Central]]
| script = [[Latin script|Latin]]
| nation = India
| minority = Assam, Manipur, Mizoram and Meghalaya
| iso3 = hmr
| glotto = hmar1241
| glottorefname = Hmar
| altname = Manmasi, Sinlung, Mar
| ancestor = Manmasi
| ancestor2 = Nelachal
| ancestor3 = Tukbemsawm
| fam1 = [[Sino-Tibetan]]
| fam4 = [[Central Kuki-Chin languages|Central]]
| fam5 = Hmar cluster
}}
{{Incubator|code=hmr}}

The '''Hmar language''' or Khawsak ṭawng belongs to the [[Kukish languages|Kukish]] branch of the [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]] family of languages. The speakers of the language are also known as [[Hmars|Hmar]]. According to the official [[2011 Census of India]], there are 29,268 Hmar/Khawsak speakers in [[Assam]], 48,375 in [[Manipur]], 1,700 in [[Meghalaya]], 18,587 in [[Mizoram]] although Majority of the Hmars in Mizoram speak Duhlian ([[Mizo language|Mizo]]).

Hmar/Khawsak is a recognised language in the School curriculum of [[Assam]], [[Manipur]] and [[Mizoram]], and also recently recognised as one of the [[Modern Indian Language]] (MIL) at [[Manipur University]]. Board of Secondary Education, Assam has also included Hmar(Khawsak dialect) as an MIL in its matriculation syllabus from 2005. Both [[Manipur University]] and [[Assam University]], Silchar has also permitted Khawsak Hmar language to be studied as Modern Indian Language in the Graduation level.

==Geographical distribution==
Khawsak dialect of Hmar is spoken in the following locations

*[[Assam]]: [[Dima Hasao district]] (formerly North Cachar district), [[Karbi Anglong district]], Barak Valley ([[Hailakandi district]], [[Karimganj district]] and [[Cachar district]])
*[[Manipur]]: [[Pherzawl district]], [[Churachandpur district]], [[Jiribam district]], [[Imphal]] and [[Moreh, India|Moreh]]
*[[Mizoram]]: [[Aizawl district]], [[Champhai district]] and [[Kolasib district]]
*[[Tripura]]: In and around [[Darchawi]] and [[Jampui Hills]]
*[[Meghalaya]]: [[Shillong]] and Khaddum village
*[[Myanmar]]: [[Tamu District|Tamu]]
*[[Bangladesh]]: [[Bawm people|Bawm]]

Since Hmar speakers are scattered over a vast area in [[Mizoram]], [[Manipur]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Tripura]], [[Chittagong Hill Tracts|Chittagong Hill tracts]], North Carolina Hills and [[Cachar district]] of [[Assam]] state and Myanmar, there appears to be slight dialectal distinction. There is no homogeneous settlement of Hmar speakers alone.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}} In Manipur, Hmar exhibits partial mutual intelligibility with the other Kukish dialects of the area including [[Thadou language|Thadou]], [[Paite language|Paite]], [[Vaiphei language|Vaiphei]], [[Simte language|Simte]], [[Kom language (India)|Kom]] and [[Gangte language|Gangte]] languages.<ref name=Singh>{{cite journal|last1=Singh|first1=Chungkham Yashawanta|title=The linguistic situation in Manipur|journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area|date=1995|volume=18|issue=1|pages=129–134|url=http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/singh1995linguistic.pdf|access-date=19 June 2014}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* VIRTHL-Ushering Change: News & Info House of the Hmars [http://www.virthli.in/ ''Visit Site'' ]
*Hmar Rûnpui : Hmar Social Networking [https://web.archive.org/web/20120226143103/http://www.hmarrunpui.com/ ''Visit Site'']
*Manipur Online [https://web.archive.org/web/20060424100356/http://www.manipuronline.com/Features/June2002/hmar11_2.htm ''The Unresolved Issues of the Hmar'']
*[http://hmar.in/ ''Hmar.in'']
*[http://hmarram.com/ ''Hmarram.com'']
*Sinlung News [http://sinlung.com]

{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}
{{Kuki-Chin–Naga languages}}
{{Languages of Northeast India}}

[[Category:Kukish languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Assam]]
[[Category:Languages of Manipur]]
[[Category:Languages of Mizoram]]
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]
[[Category:Languages of Tripura]]

{{st-lang-stub}}

Hmar language - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: Removing from Category:Languages of India in subcat using Cat-a-lot