>Cewbot: Fix broken anchor: 2017-06-28T13:04:34Z (VERY DIFFERENT 42>27) #Muzaffar Shah I→Gujarat Sultanate#Early rulers

2021-05-06T18:51:50Z

Fix broken anchor: 2017-06-28T13:04:34Z (VERY DIFFERENT 42>27) #Muzaffar Shah I→Gujarat Sultanate#Early rulers

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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{short description|Aspect of history}}
The '''history of Mumbai under Islamic rule''' began in 1348 and continued until 1534.

==History==
[[Image:Hajiali.jpg|thumb|The [[Haji Ali Dargah]] in Bombay built in 1431, by a Muslim saint named [[Haji Ali]], when Mumbai was under Islamic rule]]
From 1348 to 1391, the islands were under the Muzaffarid dynasty. In 1391, shortly after the establishment of the [[Gujarat Sultanate]], [[Gujarat Sultanate#Early rulers|Muzaffar Shah I]] was appointed viceroy of north [[Konkan]].<ref>{{harvnb|Prinsep|Thomas|Henry|1858|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=2VlCAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA315&dq=&lr=#PRA1-PA315,M1 315]|Ref=pth}}</ref> For the administration of Bombay islands, he appointed a governor for Mahim shortly. During the reign of [[Gujarat Sultanate#Ahmad Shah I|Ahmad Shah I]] (1411–1443), Malik-us-Sharq was appointed governor of Mahim, and he improved the existing revenue system. During the early 14th century, the [[Bhandari]]s seized the island of Mahim from the Sultanate and ruled it for eight years.<ref>{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=158|Ref=bom}}</ref> However, it was shortly reconquered by Rai Qutb of the Gujarat Sultanate.<ref name="h159">{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=159|Ref=bom}}</ref> [[Firishta]], a Persian historian, recorded that by 1429 the seat of Government of the Gujarat Sultanate had transferred from Thane to Bombay (Mahim).<ref>{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=150|Ref=bom}}</ref> On Rai Qutb's death in 1429–1430, [[Ahmad Shah I Wali]] of the [[Bahmani Sultanate]] of [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] succeeded in capturing Salsette and Mahim.<ref>{{harvnb|Misra|1982|p=193|Ref=misra}}</ref><ref name="mis">{{harvnb|Misra|1982|p=222|Ref=misra}}</ref>

[[Image:SantaMaria.jpg|thumb|150px|left|The [[carrack]] which [[Francisco de Almeida]] employed on his voyage to Bombay]]
Ahmad Shah I retaliated by sending his son Jafar Khan to recapture the lost territory, who emerged victorious in the battle fought between him and Ahmad Shah I Wali. In 1431, Mahim was recaptured by the Sultanate of Gujarat.<ref name="mis"/> On the Gujarat commandant of Mahim Kutb Khan's death after a few years, Ahmad Shah I Wali again despatched a large army to capture Mahim. In response, Ahmad Shah I sent down a huge army and navy under Jafar Khan. The defeat of Ahmad Shah I Wali in the battle witnessed the freedom of Bombay from all attacks by the Bahmani Sultanate.<ref name="h159"/> The Gujarat Sultanate's patronage led to the construction of many Islamic mosques, prominent being the [[Haji Ali Dargah]], built by the Muslim saint [[Haji Ali]] in 1431.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/net/mmpaper.aspx?page=article&sectid=15&contentid=2008080720080807031759454b559597f
|title=Haji ali set to go, and rise again
|work=[[Mumbai Mirror]]
|access-date=2008-08-15
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024183614/http://mumbaimirror.com/net/mmpaper.aspx?Page=article
|archive-date=24 October 2007
|url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=[http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/greater_bombay/places.html#67 546]|Ref=bom3}}</ref> Later, the islands came under Bahadur Khan Gilani of the Gujarat Sultanate.<ref name="g160">{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|pp= 160–162|Ref=bom}}</ref> During the years 1491–1494, Bombay was wrested from Gilani's control by the Bahamani general Mahmud Gavan.<ref>{{harvnb|Subrahmanyam|1997|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=8wqMWl6sSwwC&pg=PA111&dq=&lr=&sig=ACfU3U2LMfRURug2UQ_AMLFnUdMtCut0Xw#PPA111,M1 111]|Ref=sub}}</ref> In 1508, Portuguese explorer [[Francisco de Almeida]]'s ship sailed into the deep natural harbour of the island and he called it ''Bom Bahia'' (Good Bay).<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/bombay/history2.shtml
|title = The West turns East
|access-date = 2008-08-12
|work = [[Hindustan Times]]
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080326233104/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/specials/bombay/history2.shtml
|archive-date = 26 March 2008}}</ref> However, the Portuguese paid their first visit to the Bombay islands on 21 January 1509 when they landed at Mahim after capturing a Gujarat barge in the Bandra creek.<ref name="geography">{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=11|Ref=bom}}</ref> After a series of attacks by the Gujarat Sultanate on Bombay, the islands were recaptured by [[Bahadur Shah of Gujarat|Sultan Bahadur Shah]] from Mahmud Gavan.<ref name="g160"/>

In 1526, the Portuguese established their factory at [[Vasai|Bassein]].<ref>{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1977|p=153|Ref=mah4}}</ref> In 1528–1529, Lopo Vaz de Sampaio seized the fort of Mahim from the Gujarat Sultanate, when the King was at war with Nizam-ul-mulk, the lord of [[Chaul|Cheul]], a town south of Bombay.<ref>{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=165|Ref=bom}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Da Cunha|1993|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=miD5YO05jpUC&pg=PA74&vq=&lr=&source=gbs_search_s&sig=ACfU3U05gaw9BxPmynGrtNybHdDTuVMJBg 74]|Ref=ger}}</ref> Bahadur Shah had grown apprehensive of the power of the Mughal emperor [[Humayun]] and he was obliged to sign the Treaty of Diu with the Portuguese in 1534. According to the treaty, the islands of Bombay and Bassein were offered to the Portuguese.<ref>{{harvnb|Firishtah|Muhammad |Briggs|1829|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=BXD--FeSzj4C&pg=PA515&dq=&lr=#PPA515,M1 515]|Ref=ast}}</ref> However, Bassein and the seven islands were surrendered later by a treaty of peace and commerce between Bahadur Shah and [[Nuno da Cunha]] on 25 October 1535.<ref>{{harvnb|Greater Bombay District Gazetteer|1986|p=166|Ref=bom}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References and bibliography==
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*{{cite book
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{{refend}}

[[Category:History of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Medieval India|Mumbai]]
[[Category:Medieval Islam|Mumbai]]

History of Mumbai under Islamic rule - Revision history

>Cewbot: Fix broken anchor: 2017-06-28T13:04:34Z (VERY DIFFERENT 42>27) #Muzaffar Shah I→Gujarat Sultanate#Early rulers