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{{Short description|Indian politician and agriculturist (1895–1955)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}

'''Hira Singh Chinaria''' (17 September 1895 – 7 May 1955) was an Indian politician and agriculturist, who conducted research on agriculture in dry conditions. He led the [[Praja Mandal]] movement in [[Jind State]], and was elected to the [[1st Lok Sabha]]. Hira Singh died in the chamber of parliament in 1955.

==Early life==
Chinaria was born on 17 September 1895, in Kalayana village, Dadri Tehsil.<ref name=kcya/><ref name=tsi/><ref name=whols/> He was the son of [[Risaldar]] Man Singh.<ref name=tsi/><ref name=whols/> He studied at Middle School in [[Bhiwani]] and then up to matric level at [[Rewari]] Government High School.<ref name=kcya/><ref name=tsi/><ref name=whols/> He was a skilled hockey player.<ref name=tsi/>

He married Draupdi in 1911, the couple would have six sons and four daughters.<ref name=whols>''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Who_s_who/kZY5AQAAIAAJ Who's who]''. Parliament Secretariat, 1952. p. 54</ref> In 1913 he joined the Jind State Service, where he served for five years.<ref name=tsi/><ref name=kcya/> After leaving the Jind State Service, he dedicated himself to writing books on farming without irrigation under dry conditions.<ref name=tsi/> He worked for one year at sanitary inspector in [[Ambala]], but was forced to resign after resisting authority of a European supervisor.<ref name=tsi/>

Chinaria continued his research and experiments on dry condition agriculture, and after some time he got support from the Jind government for a successful experiment at a plot of 25 acres.<ref name=tsi/> He published several books on agriculture in [[Hindi language|Hindi]].<ref name=jne/> He also obtained 2.5 million [[Indian rupee]]s for a scheme to create a cement company in 1934 (a venture later taken over the [[Dalmia Group|Dalmia-Jain group]]).<ref name=tsi>Singh, Trilochan. ''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Indian_Parliament_1952_57/PFvVAAAAMAAJ Indian Parliament (1952-57): "Personalities"-Series 2 Authentic, Comprehensive and Illustrated Biographical Dictionary of Members of the Two Houses of Parliament]''. Arunam & Sheel, 1954. p. 61</ref>

==Praja Mandal movement==
Chinaria resigned from government service in 1939, and joined the Praja Mandal movement.<ref name=kcya/> He was elected president of the Jind State Praja Mandal.<ref name=kcya>Yadav, Kripal Chandra, and Dāsa, Rāmeśvara. ''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Rebels_Against_the_Raj/RdJHAAAAMAAJ Rebels Against the Raj: Who is who of Freedom Fighters in Haryana, 1885-1947]''. Mounto Publishing House, 1994. p. 163</ref> Hira Singh was arrested in 1940, and held in detention under Defence of India Rules.<ref name=tsi/> He was held in detention until 1943, then re-arrested in same year and released in 1945.<ref name=whols/><ref name=jne/>

He was a member of the All India States People's General Council between 1945 and 1947.<ref name=jne/><ref name=tsi/><ref name=whols/> He was elected a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Jind State in 1946, and served as the Minister of Food, Agriculture and Industries in the state popular government 1947–1948.<ref name=tsi/><ref name=whols/> He was the Leader of the Praja Mandal Assembly Party in the Jind State Legislative Assembly until 1948.<ref name=whols/>

==After Independence==
He was a member of the [[All India Congress Committee]] from 1948 and 1951.<ref name=jne>Nehru, Jawaharlal. ''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Selected_Works_of_Jawaharlal_Nehru_16_Ju/_zQIAAAAIAAJ Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru: 16 July 1952 - 18 October 1952]''. Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund, 1996. p. 369</ref><ref name=tsi/><ref name=whols/> He was a member of the [[PEPSU]] Pradesh Congress Committee and its Working Committee.<ref name=jne/><ref name=whols/> He was also a member of the PEPSU Hindi Sahitya Sammelan ('PEPSU Hindi Literary Conference').<ref name=jne/><ref name=whols/>

Chinaria was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]] (lower house of the [[parliament of India]]) in the [[1952 Indian general election|1952 election]], standing as the [[Indian National Congress]] candidate in the [[Mahendragarh Lok Sabha constituency|Mohindergarh constituency]]. He obtained 57,290 votes (31.73%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150509130050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1951 TO THE FIRST LOK SABHA - VOLUME I (NATIONAL AND STATE ABSTRACTS & DETAILED RESULTS)]''</ref> Hira Singh died in the Lok Sabha chamber on 7 May 1955, just after finishing a speech on the [[Hindu Succession Act, 1956|Hindu Succession Bill]].<ref>Nehru, Jawaharlal, and Parthasarathi, G.. ''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Letters_to_Chief_Ministers_1947_1964_195/6iVuAAAAMAAJ Letters to Chief Ministers, 1947-1964: 1954-1957]''. Oxford University Press, 1985. p. 175-176</ref> He collapsed in his seat and died immediately.<ref>''[https://books.google.at/books?id=JncPAQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=RA4-PA24 Indian Affairs Record]'', Vol. I, issue 5. 1955. p. 24</ref> He was the first incumbent Lok Sabha member to die in the chamber since Independence.<ref>''[https://eparlib.sansad.in/bitstream/123456789/761252/1/jpi_October_1955.pdf Obituary - The Late Shri H. S. Chinaria]'', in ''Journal of Parliamentary Information'', October 1955. p. 121</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chinaria, Hira Singh}}
[[Category:1895 births]]
[[Category:1955 deaths]]
[[Category:India MPs 1952–1957]]
[[Category:Indian agriculturalists]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Indian prisoners and detainees]]
[[Category:Jind State]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of British India]]

Hira Singh Chinaria - Revision history

Sshekhar898: added new bio