Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen - Revision history

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	{{Short description\|English topographer and naturalist (1834–1923)}}		{{Short description\|English topographer and naturalist (1834–1923)}}
	{{Use British English\|date=September ~~2022~~}}		{{Use British English\|date=September 2013}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2021}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2021}}
	{{Infobox scientist		{{Infobox scientist
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	The eldest son of the geologist [[Robert Alfred Cloyne Godwin-Austen\|Robert Austen]], who in 1854 added Godwin to his surname by royal licence,<ref name=conch>'H. H. Godwin-Austen' (obituary) in ''The Journal of Conchology'' (1925), p. 141</ref> Henry Haversham Austen was probably born at Ogwell House, near [[Newton Abbot]], [[Devon]], where his father had recently taken up residence.<ref>''Proceedings of the Royal Society of London'', vol. 38 (1885), p. xi</ref> His father's family, landowners in Cheshire and Surrey since the 12th century, was a family of merchant venturers, soldiers, scholars, and collectors. His grandfather, Sir Henry Edmund Austen (1785–1871), was a [[High Sheriff of Surrey\|High Sheriff]] and [[Deputy Lieutenant]] for [[Surrey]] and a [[gentleman of the Privy Chamber]] to [[William IV of the United Kingdom\|King William IV]].<ref name=cm3/> His great-grandfather, Robert Austen (died 1797), married Lady Frances Annesley, a descendant of [[Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey]].<ref name=cm1>Catherine Moorehead, ''The K2 Man (and His Molluscs)'' (2013), chapter 1</ref>		The eldest son of the geologist [[Robert Alfred Cloyne Godwin-Austen\|Robert Austen]], who in 1854 added Godwin to his surname by royal licence,<ref name=conch>'H. H. Godwin-Austen' (obituary) in ''The Journal of Conchology'' (1925), p. 141</ref> Henry Haversham Austen was probably born at Ogwell House, near [[Newton Abbot]], [[Devon]], where his father had recently taken up residence.<ref>''Proceedings of the Royal Society of London'', vol. 38 (1885), p. xi</ref> His father's family, landowners in Cheshire and Surrey since the 12th century, was a family of merchant venturers, soldiers, scholars, and collectors. His grandfather, Sir Henry Edmund Austen (1785–1871), was a [[High Sheriff of Surrey\|High Sheriff]] and [[Deputy Lieutenant]] for [[Surrey]] and a [[gentleman of the Privy Chamber]] to [[William IV of the United Kingdom\|King William IV]].<ref name=cm3/> His great-grandfather, Robert Austen (died 1797), married Lady Frances Annesley, a descendant of [[Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey]].<ref name=cm1>Catherine Moorehead, ''The K2 Man (and His Molluscs)'' (2013), chapter 1</ref>

	Austen's mother, Maria Elizabeth Godwin, was the only child of [[Henry Godwin (army officer)\|Major-General Sir Henry Godwin]] (1784–1853), who had fought in the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]] and who commanded the British and Indian forces in the [[Second Anglo-Burmese War\|Second]].<ref name=ibis /><ref name=odnb>Kenneth Mason, revised by Elizabeth Baigent, 'Austen, Henry Haversham Godwin- (1834–1923)' in ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'' (Oxford University Press, 2004) odnb/33438 https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/33438</ref><ref>T. H. Holdich, 'Obituary: Lieut.-Colonel Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen' in ''Geographical Journal'', vol. 63 (1924), pp. 175–176</ref> His brother [[Edmund Godwin Austen]] played [[first-class cricket]] for [[Canterbury cricket team\|Canterbury]] in New Zealand.<ref name="CI">{{cite web \|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/21/21365/21365.html \|title=Edmund Godwin Austen \|work=Cricket Archive \|access-date=17 October ~~2022~~}}</ref> H. H. Austen was educated at the [[Royal Grammar School, Guildford]], and then from 1848 to 1851 at the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]].<ref name=odnb /> At Sandhurst he learnt military surveying from Captain Robert Petley<ref>Roger Taylor, Larry J. Schaaf, ''Impressed by Light'' (Yale University Press and Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007), p. 357</ref> and was a contemporary of the future [[Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts\|Lord Roberts]].		Austen's mother, Maria Elizabeth Godwin, was the only child of [[Henry Godwin (army officer)\|Major-General Sir Henry Godwin]] (1784–1853), who had fought in the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]] and who commanded the British and Indian forces in the [[Second Anglo-Burmese War\|Second]].<ref name=ibis /><ref name=odnb>Kenneth Mason, revised by Elizabeth Baigent, 'Austen, Henry Haversham Godwin- (1834–1923)' in ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'' (Oxford University Press, 2004) odnb/33438 https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/33438</ref><ref>T. H. Holdich, 'Obituary: Lieut.-Colonel Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen' in ''Geographical Journal'', vol. 63 (1924), pp. 175–176</ref> His brother [[Edmund Godwin Austen]] played [[first-class cricket]] for [[Canterbury cricket team\|Canterbury]] in New Zealand.<ref name="CI">{{cite web \|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/21/21365/21365.html \|title=Edmund Godwin Austen \|work=Cricket Archive \|access-date=17 October 2020}}</ref> H. H. Austen was educated at the [[Royal Grammar School, Guildford]], and then from 1848 to 1851 at the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]].<ref name=odnb /> At Sandhurst he learnt military surveying from Captain Robert Petley<ref>Roger Taylor, Larry J. Schaaf, ''Impressed by Light'' (Yale University Press and Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007), p. 357</ref> and was a contemporary of the future [[Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts\|Lord Roberts]].

	==Life in Burma and India==		==Life in Burma and India==
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	Family tradition holds that Haversham Godwin-Austen was a convert to the Buddhist faith (following a self-attested period as an at least nominal Muslim in the middle to late 1850s), and as such he may be the first known British adherent to Buddhism. His small Burmese-style Buddhist shrine at Nore, Hascombe, Surrey, is likely to have been erected there around 1901 (although a later date of c. 1920 is possible), perhaps after being situated at each of Godwin-Austen's successive main residences from 1877 onwards, following his return to England after 25 years in Asia. Accordingly, the shrine probably constitutes the first ever custom-built physical structure raised for Buddhist devotional purposes in Britain. It was forgotten and lost to view under brambles after Godwin-Austen's time, prior to rediscovery in 1962 by a new owner of Nore, actor [[Dirk Bogarde]].<ref>Catherine Moorehead, ''The K2 Man (and His Molluscs): The Extraordinary Life of Haversham Godwin-Austen'' (2013)</ref>		Family tradition holds that Haversham Godwin-Austen was a convert to the Buddhist faith (following a self-attested period as an at least nominal Muslim in the middle to late 1850s), and as such he may be the first known British adherent to Buddhism. His small Burmese-style Buddhist shrine at Nore, Hascombe, Surrey, is likely to have been erected there around 1901 (although a later date of c. 1920 is possible), perhaps after being situated at each of Godwin-Austen's successive main residences from 1877 onwards, following his return to England after 25 years in Asia. Accordingly, the shrine probably constitutes the first ever custom-built physical structure raised for Buddhist devotional purposes in Britain. It was forgotten and lost to view under brambles after Godwin-Austen's time, prior to rediscovery in 1962 by a new owner of Nore, actor [[Dirk Bogarde]].<ref>Catherine Moorehead, ''The K2 Man (and His Molluscs): The Extraordinary Life of Haversham Godwin-Austen'' (2013)</ref>

	Godwin-Austen's conversion – and possibly his shrine – therefore predates the earliest formal Buddhist missions to Britain: namely, those of the Japanese-sponsored 'Buddhist Propagation Society', led by Irish-born Captain [[Charles J. W. Pfoundes]] in 1889, and that of English convert [[Charles Henry Allan Bennett]], also known as 'Ananda Metteyya', in 1908. 'The Buddhist Society of Great Britain & Ireland' was formed in 1907.<ref>Brian Bocking, Laurence Cox and Shin’ichi Yoshinaga, ''The First Buddhist Mission to The West: Charles Pfoundes and The London Buddhist Mission of 1889 – 1892.'' (2014) {{cite web \|url=http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/DISKUS/index.php/DISKUS/article/view/51 \|title=The First Buddhist Mission to the West: Charles Pfoundes and the London Buddhist mission of 1889 – 1892 \| Brian \| DISKUS \|access-date=2015-03-04 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170329/http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/DISKUS/index.php/DISKUS/article/view/51 \|archive-date=2 April ~~2022~~}}</ref>		Godwin-Austen's conversion – and possibly his shrine – therefore predates the earliest formal Buddhist missions to Britain: namely, those of the Japanese-sponsored 'Buddhist Propagation Society', led by Irish-born Captain [[Charles J. W. Pfoundes]] in 1889, and that of English convert [[Charles Henry Allan Bennett]], also known as 'Ananda Metteyya', in 1908. 'The Buddhist Society of Great Britain & Ireland' was formed in 1907.<ref>Brian Bocking, Laurence Cox and Shin’ichi Yoshinaga, ''The First Buddhist Mission to The West: Charles Pfoundes and The London Buddhist Mission of 1889 – 1892.'' (2014) {{cite web \|url=http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/DISKUS/index.php/DISKUS/article/view/51 \|title=The First Buddhist Mission to the West: Charles Pfoundes and the London Buddhist mission of 1889 – 1892 \| Brian \| DISKUS \|access-date=2015-03-04 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170329/http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/DISKUS/index.php/DISKUS/article/view/51 \|archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref>

	==Legacy==		==Legacy==

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{{Short description|English geologist and topographer (1834–1923)}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen
| image = GodwinAusten.jpg
| caption = Godwin-Austen in an image published in 1890
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1834|07|06}}
| birth_place = [[Devon]], England
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1923|12|02|1834|07|06}}
| death_place =
| residence =
| citizenship = [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]]
| fields = [[Topography]], [[geology]], [[surveying]], [[natural history]], [[malacology]]
| workplaces = [[Trigonometrical Survey of India]]
| alma_mater = [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| known_for =
| author_abbrev_bot =
| author_abbrev_zoo = Godwin-Austen
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards =
| signature = Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen signature.jpg
| footnotes =
| spouse =
}}

[[Lieutenant-Colonel]] '''Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen''' [[Royal Society|FRS]] [[Zoological Society of London|FZS]] [[Royal Geographical Society|FRGS]] [[British Ornithologists' Union|MBOU]] (6 July 1834 – 2 December 1923), known until 1854 as '''Henry Haversham Austen''', was an [[England|English]] [[topographer]], [[geologist]], naturalist and [[Surveyor (surveying)|surveyor]].

He explored the mountains in the Himalayas and surveyed the glaciers at the base of [[K2]], also known as Mount Godwin-Austen, and the geographer [[Kenneth Mason (geographer)|Kenneth Mason]] called Godwin-Austen "probably the greatest<ref name="Kenneth Mason 1955">Kenneth Mason, ''Abode of Snow'' (1955)</ref> mountaineer of his day".<ref name="Kenneth Mason 1955"/>

Family tradition holds that Haversham Godwin-Austen was a convert to the Buddhist faith (following a self-attested period as an at least nominal Muslim in the middle to late 1850s), and as such he may be the first known British adherent to Buddhism. His small Burmese-style Buddhist shrine at Nore, Hascombe, Surrey, is likely to have been erected there around 1901 (although a later date of c. 1920 is possible), perhaps after being situated at each of Godwin-Austen's successive main residences from 1877 onwards, following his return to England after 25 years in Asia. Accordingly, the shrine probably constitutes the first ever custom-built physical structure raised for Buddhist devotional purposes in Britain. It was forgotten and lost to view under brambles after Godwin-Austen's time, prior to rediscovery in 1962 by a new owner of Nore, actor [[Dirk Bogarde]].<ref>Catherine Moorehead, ''The K2 Man (and His Molluscs): The Extraordinary Life of Haversham Godwin-Austen'' (2013)</ref>

Godwin-Austen's conversion – and possibly his shrine – therefore predates the earliest formal Buddhist missions to Britain: namely, those of the Japanese-sponsored 'Buddhist Propagation Society', led by Irish-born Captain [[Charles J. W. Pfoundes]] in 1889, and that of English convert [[Charles Henry Allan Bennett]], also known as 'Ananda Metteyya', in 1908. 'The Buddhist Society of Great Britain & Ireland' was formed in 1907.<ref>Brian Bocking, Laurence Cox and Shin’ichi Yoshinaga, ''The First Buddhist Mission to The West: Charles Pfoundes and The London Buddhist Mission of 1889 – 1892.'' (2014) {{cite web |url=http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/DISKUS/index.php/DISKUS/article/view/51 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-03-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170329/http://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/DISKUS/index.php/DISKUS/article/view/51 |archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref>

==Early life==
The eldest son of the geologist [[Robert Alfred Cloyne Godwin-Austen|Robert Austen]], who in 1884 added Godwin to his surname by royal licence,<ref name=conch>'H. H. Godwin-Austen' (obituary) in ''The Journal of Conchology'' (1925), p. 141</ref> Henry Haversham Austen was probably born at Ogwell House, near [[Newton Abbot]], [[Devon]], where his father had recently taken up residence.<ref>''Proceedings of the Royal Society of London'', vol. 38 (1885), p. xi</ref> His father's family, landowners in Cheshire and Surrey since the 12th century, was a family of merchant venturers, soldiers, scholars, and collectors. His grandfather, Sir Henry Edmund Austen (1785–1871), was a [[High Sheriff of Surrey|High Sheriff]] and [[Deputy Lieutenant]] for [[Surrey]] and a [[gentleman of the Privy Chamber]] to [[William IV of the United Kingdom|King William IV]].<ref name=cm3/> His great-grandfather, Robert Austen (died 1797), married Lady Frances Annesley, a descendant of [[Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey]].<ref name=cm1>Catherine Moorehead, ''The K2 Man (and His Molluscs)'' (2013), chapter 1</ref>

Austen's mother, Maria Elizabeth Godwin, was the only child of [[Henry Godwin (army officer)|Major-General Sir Henry Godwin]] (1784–1853), who had fought in the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]] and who commanded the British and Indian forces in the [[Second Anglo-Burmese War|Second]].<ref name=ibis /><ref name=odnb>Kenneth Mason, revised by Elizabeth Baigent, 'Austen, Henry Haversham Godwin- (1834–1923)' in ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]'' (Oxford University Press, 2004) odnb/33438</ref><ref>T. H. Holdich, 'Obituary: Lieut.-Colonel Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen' in ''Geographical Journal'', vol. 63 (1924), pp. 175–176</ref> His brother [[Edmund Godwin Austen]] played [[first-class cricket]] for [[Canterbury cricket team|Canterbury]] in New Zealand.<ref name="CI">{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/21/21365/21365.html |title=Edmund Godwin Austen |work=Cricket Archive |access-date=17 October 2020}}</ref> H. H. Austen was educated at the [[Royal Grammar School, Guildford]], and then from 1848 to 1851 at the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]].<ref name=odnb /> At Sandhurst he learnt military surveying from Captain Robert Petley<ref>Roger Taylor, Larry J. Schaaf, ''Impressed by Light'' (Yale University Press and Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007), p. 357</ref> and was a contemporary of the future [[Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts|Lord Roberts]].

==Life in Burma and India==
In 1851, after leaving the Royal Military College, Austen was commissioned into the [[24th Foot]], which later became the South Wales Borderers. In 1852 he saw action in the [[Second Anglo-Burmese War|Second Anglo-Burmese war]], in which he served as [[aide-de-camp]] to his grandfather, General Sir Henry Godwin. While in [[Burma]], he surveyed the [[Irrawaddy Delta]], and this work came to the favourable notice of [[Andrew Scott Waugh|Sir Andrew Scott Waugh]], [[Surveyor General of India]]. Austen next moved to [[Peshawar]] under the command of Major General Thomas Reed.<ref name=odnb /> His maternal grandfather died unexpectedly in 1853, and as a result Robert Austen added the name of Godwin to his own, so that Austen became Godwin-Austen.<ref name=conch/>

In 1856, Godwin-Austen joined the [[Trigonometrical Survey of India]] and began to work in [[Kashmir]] under Captain Thomas George Montgomerie.<ref name=odnb /> In May 1856 he was promoted Lieutenant, in March 1857 he was formally appointed to the Survey of India, and on 29 October 1858 he was further promoted to Captain.<ref name=cm8>Moorehead (2013), chapter 8</ref>

A liaison with an Indian lady named Kudidje, the daughter of a Muslim landowner of [[Poonch district, India|Poonch]], probably a [[Sudhan]], may have begun as early as 1855, and this led to the birth on 5 May 1857 of a son who was named Edward.<ref name=cm8/> Another source says that Edward was born at [[Sialkot]] on 15 March 1859.<ref>D. K. Palit, ''Saga of an Indian I. M. S. Officer: The Life and Times of Lieutenant Colonel Anath Nath Palit, OBE 1883-1972'' (Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research, United Service Institution of India, 2006), p. 67, quoting a letter of Godwin-Austen: "When your father was born at Sialkot on 15 March 1859, he was known as Edward or Eddy. The other names you give, Henry Hastings Godwin, are new to me and must have come from the Milners..."</ref> The relationship is seen by one biographer as probably an obstacle to Godwin-Austen's advancement in India.<ref name=cm1/> In April 1857 Godwin-Austen was posted to Kashmir. In June 1858 he married Kudidje in a ceremony near Budrawar, from the British point of view the marriage was legal as it satisfied Muslim conditions. It was, however, undesirable. In November 1858, Godwin-Austen was seriously injured in an attack near [[Udhampur]] which left him unconscious, and in April 1859 he took a year's home leave, joining the second Battalion of his regiment, the 24th Foot, in England. While there, he became a [[Fellow]] of the [[Royal Geographical Society]].<ref name=cm9/>

From 1857 to June 1860 he had worked for the Survey of India, mainly around the Kazi Nag, Pir Panjal, and Marau-Warwan regions. He was given a permanent post in the Trigonometrical Survey and in 1860 mapped Shigar and the lower Saltoro valley of [[Baltistan]]as far as the south face of K1, [[Masherbrum]]. In 1861, he traversed the Skoro La, beyond Skardu and Shigar, where he surveyed the [[Karakoram|Karakoram glaciers]]: Baltoro, Punmah, Biafo, Chiring, almost as far as the old Mustagh Pass and Hispar. On this expedition, he climbed to about 1000m+ above Urdukas on the Baltoro Glacier, and fixed the height and position of K2 for the first time.<ref name=odnb />

In 1860, after a separation of some fifteen months, Godwin-Austen and Kudidje were reunited, and she accompanied him on his first expedition to Baltistan. However, after September 1860 she disappears from the record, and Godwin-Austen arranged the adoption of their son by a couple named Milner, so it is likely that Kudidje had died by late 1860. A few months before his death in 1924, Godwin-Austen received the surprise of a letter from a Mrs Barclay, one of their grandchildren, a daughter of Edward, and in reply recalled of Kudidje "She was a good wife with me and if there is anything now left that I can look back on and love, it is her memory and the way she looked after me."<ref name=cm9/>

On 5 April 1861 Godwin-Austen married Pauline Georgiana, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Wellesley Chichele Plowden, granddaughter of [[William Plowden (Conservative politician)|William Plowden]] (1787–1880), an [[East India Company]] director, and niece of [[William Chichele Plowden]], an [[Indian Civil Service (British India)|Indian civilian]]. Their first child, Alfred, was born in March 1862, but lived less than three months. Pauline herself died in 1871, leaving one surviving son, Arthur.<ref name=cm3>Moorehead (2013), chapter 3</ref><ref name=ibis/>

In 1862, Godwin-Austen surveyed upper Changchenmo, Pangong district, and the Zanskar ranges, resulting in his ''Notes on the Pangong Lake District of Ladakh'' (1864).<ref name=odnb /><ref>H. H. Godwin-Austen, 'On the Glaciers of the Mustakh Range' in ''[[Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London]]'', vol. 34 (1864), pp. 19–56</ref>
[[File:SuthoraGodwinAusten.jpg|thumb|left|Illustration by Godwin-Austen of ''[[Paradoxornis nipalensis]]'' which he described as ''Suthora daflaensis'']]
Although he gave great attention to geology and topography, he his greatest interest lay in collecting freshwater molluscs, and in identifying birds. He published his ''Birds of Assam'' (1870–1878) and described a number of birds for the first time, some with [[Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale]]. Most of these notes were published in the ''Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal'' and Godwin-Austen sometimes drew illustrations of the new bird species. He was particularly active in ornithology after 1863, when he was posted in the eastern Himalayas as part of the political mission to [[Bhutan]] headed by [[Ashley Eden]]. He surveyed the Garo, Khasi, and Jaintia hills, and in 1875 joined an expedition into the Dafla hills.<ref name=odnb /> Venturing into [[anthropology]], he described the monuments and customs of the Khasi tribes.<ref>H. H. Godwin-Austen, 'On the Stone Monuments of the Khasi Hill Tribes, and on Some of the Peculiar Rites and Customs of the People' in ''Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland'', vol. 1 (1872), pp. 122–143</ref><ref>H. H. Godwin-Austen, 'The Mountain Systems of the Himalaya and Neighbouring Ranges of India' in ''Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography'', vol. 6, issue 2 (1884), pp. 83–87</ref>

==Retirement==
In 1877, Godwin-Austen retired from the [[Trigonometrical Survey of India]] with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, as his health was beginning to deteriorate, but back in England he recovered. In 1881, he married lastly Jessie, daughter of John Harding Robinson, an Examiner in the [[House of Lords]]. They remained married until his wife's death in 1913,<ref name=odnb /> and the marriage has been called "a union of love and mutual support".<ref name=cm1/>

When his father died in 1884, Godwin-Austen inherited an estate at [[Shalford, Surrey|Shalford]], in [[Surrey]]. However, he ran into financial difficulties and was forced to sell his collection of birds, about 3,500 skins collected in Manipur and Assam, to the [[British Museum]]. Unable to sell land because of an [[entail]], he was declared [[bankrupt]] in 1899, although he had discharged the bankruptcy by 1902.<ref name=cm1/> For a time he lived at Nore near [[Godalming]],<ref name=ibis>{{cite journal| author=Anonymous|pages=360–362|doi=10.1111/j.1474-919X.1924.tb05332.x| journal=Ibis| volume=66| issue=2| year=1924| title=Obituary| doi-access=free}}</ref> but by 1916 was again living at Shalford Park.<ref name=cl>''Country Life'', vol. 39, issues 991-1008 (1916), p. 59: "In the Guildford division Major R. A. Godwin-Austen, son of Lieutenant-Colonel H. H. Godwin-Austen of Shalford Park, is in the 6th Dorset Regiment."</ref>

In England, Godwin-Austen was the author of ''The Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India'', of which the first volume was published in parts between 1882 and 1888, the second appearing in the same way between 1897 and 1914. This work brought him recognition as a [[malacology|malacologist]], and from 1897 to 1899 he served as an early President of the [[Malacological Society of London]].<ref name=who>{{cite magazine|title=GODWIN-AUSTEN, Henry Haversham|magazine=Who's Who|year=1907|volume= 59|pages=692–693|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEcuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA692}}</ref> In 1910 he received a gold medal from the Royal Geographical Society.<ref name=odnb /> He died on 2 December 1923.<ref name=ibis/>

==Legacy==
Godwin-Austen's collection of molluscs has been stated to form "the basis of all modern science in this subject".<ref>Assessment of Professor Fred Naggs, Natural History Museum, South Kensington</ref>

The name given to the [[Karakoram]] peak [[K2]] in the [[Himalayas]] was Mount Godwin-Austen, in honour of Colonel Godwin-Austen, but his original code indicating that it was the second highest peak in the Karakoram range now predominates. The [[Godwin Austen Glacier]] was also named in his honour.<ref name=odnb />

Godwin-Austen is commemorated in the scientific names of two species of lizards: ''[[Pachydactylus austeni]]'' and ''[[Pseudocalotes austeniana]]''.<ref>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. ("Austen", p. 13).</ref>

His son, R. A. Godwin-Austen, was an officer of the [[Dorset Regiment]] during the [[World War I|First World War]],<ref name=cl/> and was later a supporter of the "saintly mafia" called Ferguson's Gang, dedicated to saving historically important buildings.<ref>Maxwell Fraser, ''Surrey'' (1975), p. 155</ref> H. H. Godwin-Austen's nephew, [[General (United Kingdom)|General]] [[Alfred Reade Godwin-Austen|Sir Alfred Godwin-Austen]] (1889–1963), was a divisional commander of the [[East African Campaign (World War II)|East African]] and [[Western Desert Campaign|Western Desert]] campaigns during the [[World War II|Second World War]].<ref>Steen Ammentorp, [http://www.generals.dk/general/Godwin-Austen/Sir_Alfred_Reade/Great_Britain.html Godwin-Austen, Sir Alfred Reade] at generals.dk, accessed 26 May 2014</ref>

Godwin-Austen's son by Kudidje, Edward, who had been adopted by a family named Milner, became a [[civil engineering|civil engineer]] in [[Hyderabad State]] and elsewhere. In 1879 he married Emma Theresa Smith, and they had fifteen children. Edward Henry Hastings Milner died in [[Mumbai|Bombay]] in 1917, aged only 59, but his widow lived until 1958.<ref name=cm9>Moorehead (2013), chapter 9</ref>

== Selected publications ==
* ''Notes on the Pangong Lake District of Ladakh'' (1864)
* ''Birds of Assam'' (1870–1878)
* [[File:PD-icon.svg|15px]] ''Land and freshwater mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burma, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malaya Peninsula, Ceylon and other islands of the Indian Ocean; Supplementary to Masers Theobald and Hanley's Conchologica Indica'' (Taylor and Francis, London, VI+257+ 442+65 pp., 165 pls, published in parts, 1882–1920:
** [https://archive.org/details/landfreshwatermo01godw Volume 1] + [https://archive.org/details/landfreshwatermo01godwina plates]; 1882: pp. I–VI, 1–66, pls. 1–12; 1883: pp. 67–164, pls. 13–42; 1884: pls. 43–51; 1886: pp. 165–206; 1887: pls. 52–62; 1888: pp. 207–257 (as Volume I, 1889)
** [https://archive.org/details/landfreshwatermo02godw volume 2] + [https://archive.org/details/landfreshwatermo02god plates]; 1897: pp. 1–46, pls. 63–69; 1898: pp. 47–86, pls. 70–82; 1899: pp. 87–146, pls. 83–100; 1907: pp. 147–238, pls. 101–117; 1910: pp. 239–310, pls. 118–132; 1914: pp. 311–442, pls. 133–158; (as Volume II, 1914)
** [https://archive.org/details/landfreshwatermo03godwuoft volume 3 + plates]: 1920: pp. 1–65, pls. 159–165; (as Volume III, 1920)
* [[File:PD-icon.svg|15px]] [[William Thomas Blanford|Blanford W. T.]] & Godwin-Austen H. H. 1908. ''[https://archive.org/details/molluscatestacel00blaniala Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae]'' The Fauna of British India, including Burma and Ceylon

==Further reading==
{{cite book|author1=Catherine Moorehead|title=The K2 Man (and His Molluscs): The Extraordinary life of Haversham Godwin-Austen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wdx0AQAAQBAJ&pg=PT365|date=18 October 2013|publisher=Neil Wilson Publishing|isbn=978-1-906000-60-8|pages=365–}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* [https://openlibrary.org/a/OL2572415A Book by Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen] at [[Open Library]]
* [https://archive.org/stream/monographoflandf814tayl#page/253/mode/1up portrait of Henry Haversham Godwin-Austen]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Godwin-Austen, Henry Haversham}}
[[Category:1834 births]]
[[Category:1923 deaths]]
[[Category:British surveyors]]
[[Category:English geologists]]
[[Category:British ornithologists]]
[[Category:English malacologists]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Zoological Society of London]]
[[Category:People educated at Royal Grammar School, Guildford]]
[[Category:People from Newton Abbot]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]