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'''Health in Gurdaspur''' refers to the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being of the people of [[Gurdaspur district]], in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/150999|title=What is health?: Defining and preserving good health|date=20 April 2020|website=www.medicalnewstoday.com|access-date= September 27, 2024}}</ref> It involves wide range of factors like health indicators, [[nutrition]], medical facilities, [[pollution]] levels and socio–economic factors. As of 2021, 23.5% of households in the district had a member covered under a [[health insurance]] or finance scheme.<ref name = auto2/>

==History==
In 1901, riots were recorded in [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab province]] in some [[Plague (disease)|plague]]-hit areas like Gurdaspur, along with Patiala and Sialkot, as some people refused compulsory hospitalisation and quarantine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/history/colonial-era-epidemics-india|title=What Epidemics from the Colonial Era Can Teach Us About Society's Response|website=The Wire|access-date=15 January 2024}}</ref>

One of the worst ecological disasters in Punjab took place in May 2018, when an estimated 10,000 litres of [[molasses]] got spilled into [[Beas]] river from a sugar mill in Gurdaspur district. It contaminated a large part of irrigation canal system and killed tonnes of aquatic life. Districts of Faridkot, Muktsar and Fazilka were most severely affected. The contaminated canal water may have entered drinking water sources and intakes from canals for drinking water supply was shut down. This led to the rationing or severely curtailing the drinking water supply in the affected towns.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://theprint.in/india/governance/punjabs-worst-ecological-crisis-in-years-may-take-years-to-undo/61712/ | title= Punjab's worst ecological crisis in years cannot be cleaned up anytime soon | website = The print | date = May 23, 2018 | access-date = October 5, 2024 }}</ref>

During the [[2020 Punjab alcohol poisoning]], at least 14 people died in Gurdaspur in August 7, due to the consumption of spurious liquor. The total death toll in Punjab was 121, with most of the victims from [[Taran Taran district]].<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{cite web | url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/none-will-be-spared-punjab-chief-minister-to-hooch-victims-families/articleshow/77413709.cms | title = None will be spared: Punjab chief minister to hooch victims' families | website = The Times of India | date = August 7, 2020 | access-date = October 6, 2024}}</ref>

The first [[COVID-19]] case in Gurdaspur district was reported on April 14, 2020. A 60-year-old man in Bhaini Paswal village in [[Kahnuwan]] block was tested positive.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/gurdaspur-sees-first-case-71287 | title= Gurdaspur sees first coronavirus case | website = The Tribune | date = April 14, 2020 | access-date = October 4, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/punjab-coronavirus-gurdaspur-first-covid-19-positive-case-607598 | title= Punjab: Gurdaspur reports first COVID-19 positive case | website = India TV | date = April 14, 2020| access-date = October 4, 2024 }}</ref> He also became the first person to die because of COVID-19 in the district. He died on April 16, 2020, at Guru Nanak Dev Hospital in [[Amritsar]]. He was also the 14th recorded casualty of [[COVID-19 pandemic in Punjab, India|coronavirus in Punjab]].<ref>{{cite web | url =https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/gurdaspurs-only-covid-19-patient-dies-punjab-at-199/articleshow/75196483.cms | title= Gurdaspur's only Covid-19 patient dies, Punjab at 199 | website = The times of India| date = April 17, 2020 | access-date = October 4, 2024 }}</ref>

In October 2023, Gurdaspur district administration announced a new scheme under which the farmers who abstain from [[Stubble burning|burning stubble]] will be recognized and will receive "vatavaran de rakhe" (protectors of environment) certificates. According to the Deputy Commissioner of Gurdaspur, these certificates will allow them to get priority in government offices and they will not have to wait in a queue. The villages who report zero stubble burning will also receive these certificates and will be given priority in government projects. This scheme was started to stop farmers from burning [[crop residue]], which causes heavy [[air pollution]].<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/national/punjab-move-to-curb-stubble-burning-lets-environment-protectors-skip-queues| title = Punjab move to curb stubble burning lets 'environment protectors' skip queues | website = National Herald | date = October 1, 2023 | access-date = October 4, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url =https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/gurdaspur-district-launches-novel-initiative-to-curb-stubble-burning-123100100178_1.html | title = Gurdaspur district launches novel initiative to curb stubble burning | date = October 1, 2023 | website = Business Standard | access-date = October 4, 2024}}</ref>

==Children==
As of 2019, there were 174,398 children below the age of 5 years in Gurdaspur district. In that same year, a total of 21,031 live births took place in the district, of which 20,758 were institutional births.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Gurdaspur-Punjab.pdf | title = District Nutrition Profile, Punjab}}</ref> According to the National Family Health Survey–5 (2019–20), 90.2% of the children between the ages of 12 and 23 months were fully [[Vaccination|vaccinated]] based on the information from the vaccination cards.<ref name = auto3>{{cite web | url= https://nhsrcindia.org/sites/default/files/practice_image/HealthDossier2021/Punjab.pdf | title = Health dossier 2021, Reflections on key health indicators, Punjab | quote = Page number 18}}</ref>

The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Gurdaspur, as of year 2020.

{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|+ District nutrition profile of children under 5 years of age in Gurdaspur, year 2020
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Gurdaspur-Punjab.pdf|title=Gurdaspur, Punjab|date=March 2022|work=District Nutrition Profile|publisher=POSHAN}}</ref>
!Indicators!!Number of children (<5 years)!! Percent (2020)
|-
|Stunted||43,739||25%
|-
|Wasted||16,481||9%
|-
|Severely wasted||7,883||5%
|-
|Underweight||26,648||15%
|-
|Overweight/obesity||11,353||7%
|-
|Anemia||1,09,852||70%
|-
|Total children||1,74,398||
|}

==Women==
In 2016, 88.5% women in Gurdaspur district gave birth in a health facility, which was the second lowest in the state. In 2016, 42.1% of the children up to 59 months of age received postnatal care within two days of their birth, which was fourth lowest in the state. In the same year, 83.7% of the women received postnatal care within two days of childbirth, which was fifth lowest in the state.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://ebrary.ifpri.org/digital/collection/p15738coll2/id/132848 | title = Coverage of nutrition and health interventions in Punjab: Insights from the National Family Health Survey-4 | access-date = September 27, 2024 | website= International Food Policy Research Institute | quote= Map 7, Map 9, Map 10 }}</ref>

According to NFHS–5 (2019–20), 61.1% of mothers in the district had at least 4 [[Prenatal care|antenatal care]] visits.<ref name = auto3/>

The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Gurdaspur of women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, as of year 2020.

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+District nutritional profile of Gurdaspur of women of 15–49 years, in 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Gurdaspur-Punjab.pdf|title=Gurdaspur, Punjab|date=March 2022|work=District Nutrition Profile|publisher=POSHAN}}</ref>
!Indicators!!Number of women (15–49 years)!! Percent (2020)
|-
|Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2)||81,803||11%
|-
|Overweight/obesity||3,01,906||41%
|-
|Hypertension||2,70,494||37%
|-
|Diabetes||1,11,229||15%
|-
|Anemia (non-preg)||4,09,457||56%
|-
|Anemia (preg)||10,904||43%
|-
|Total women (preg)||25,287||
|-
|Total women||7,35,639||
|}

The table below shows the current use of family planning methods by currently married women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, in Gurdaspur district.

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+Family planning methods used by women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, in Gurdaspur district<ref>"National Family Health Survey - 4
2015 -16, District Fact Sheet, Gurdaspur", Punjab, Page 2, http://rchiips.org/nfhs/FCTS/PB/PB_FactSheet_35_Gurdaspur.pdf</ref>
!Method!!Total (2015–16)!!Rural (2015–16)
|-
|Female sterilization||42.1%||44.7%
|-
|Male sterilization||0.4%||0.0%
|-
|IUD/PPIUD||4.1%||3.8%
|-
|Pill||1.8%||2.6%
|-
|Condom||20.1%||19.5%
|-
|Any modern method||68.5%||70.7%
|-
|Any method||74.5%||76.6%
|-
|Total unmet need||5.2%||5.5%
|-
|Unmet need for spacing||2.7%||2.8%
|}

==Diseases==
In the year 2017, Gurdaspur district recorded 12 [[malaria]] cases, which was tenth lowest in Punjab.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/searo/india/publications/strategic-action-plan-for-malaria-lowress-reference-file.pdf?sfvrsn=4e7e93d7_4 | title = Micro Strategic Action Plan for Malaria Elimination in the State of Punjab, India, 2018–2020 | website = www.cdn.who.int | access-date = Aug 11, 2024 | quote = Chapter 2, Page 17}}</ref> As of July 2019, there were a recorded 3,267 people who were [[HIV]] positive. This was the positivity rate of 0.85% of the 383,963 who were tested for it. This rate was lower than the state average of 1.09%.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://punjabsacs.punjab.gov.in/sites/default/files/Overview%20of%20HIV-AIDS%20in%20Punjab%20%20%28Till%20July%202019%29.pdf | title = Overview of HIV/AIDS in Punjab (Till July, 2019) | website = punjabsacs.punjab.gov.in | access-date = September 27, 2024 | quote = Page 6}}</ref>

In 2016–17, a study was conducted on the students between the ages of 16 and 23 years, who were studying in various institutions of [[Batala]] city in the district. It found that 21.06% of males and 12.70% of females were [[obese]], if the criteria of [[Body Mass Index]] (BMI) is used.<ref name = "auto2">{{cite web | url = https://www.academia.edu/43794491 |title = Prevalence of Obesity in Young Adults of District Gurdaspur, Punjab | author1 = Manjula Uppal | author2 = Karamjeet Kaur | website = Academia.edu | date = January 2020 | access-date = September 28, 2024}}</ref>

==Drug use==
As of June 2024, about 90% of the drug addicts in the district use [[heroin]].<ref name = auto1>{{cite web | url =https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/addicts-being-treated-without-psychiatrist-in-punjab-632002/ | title = Drug addicts being treated without psychiatrist in Gurdaspur |date= June 19, 2024| access-date = September 27, 2024 }}</ref> During the [[2020 Punjab alcohol poisoning]], 14 people died in Gurdaspur district after drinking spurious liquor.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/>

In April 2024, [[Alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] that was meant to be sold in Gurdaspur and [[Bathinda district|Bathinda]] was found in [[Bihar]], where alcohol is illegal at that time. This brings to light the use of liquor vends in the district for liquor smuggling.<ref>{{cite web |url =https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/liquor-meant-for-sale-in-gurdaspur-bathinda-smuggled-into-dry-bihar-101712431160461.html| title = Liquor meant for sale in Gurdaspur, Bathinda smuggled into 'dry' Bihar |website= Hindustan Times| author=Vishal Rambani | date = April 7, 2024 | access-date = September 29, 2024}}</ref>

==Accidents==
A total of 191 [[road accidents]] were recorded in 2022 in Gurdaspur district in which 161 persons died and 101 were injured. And a total of 242 vehicles were involved in accidents in that year in the district.<ref name = auto4>{{cite web | url =https://punjab.data.gov.in/catalog/road-accidents-punjab | title = Road Accidents in Punjab | website = punjab.data.gov.in | access-date = October 1, 2024 }}</ref> The number of people killed 2022, which was 161, was higher than those killed in 2021, which was 156.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://punjab.data.gov.in/resource/district-wise-persons-killed-road-accidents-punjab-1968-2022-march | title = District-wise Persons killed in Road Accidents in Punjab from 1968 to 2022 (As on March) | website = punjab.data.gov.in | access-date = September 29, 2024}}</ref>

The table below shows the number of road accidents and people affected in Gurdaspur district by year.

{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|+Road accidents and people affected in Gurdaspur district by year<ref name=auto4/>
!Year!!Accidents!!Killed!!Injured!!Vehicles Involved
|-
|2022||191 ||161||101||242
|-
|2021||178||156||79||234
|-
|2020||178||158||92||266
|-
|2019||227||162||109||308
|}

==Pollution==
A study was conducted in Gurdaspur district in which [[groundwater]] samples were collected from 25 locations in December 2019. It was found that [[Arsenic]] exceed the permissible limited in about 80% of the samples. The higher arsenic values may be associated with higher cancer risk.<ref>{{cite journal |url =https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12594-022-2097-8 | title= Health Risk Assessment of Gurdaspur, Punjab, India Using Field Experiments and GIS: A Groundwater Perspective | journal = Journal of the Geological Society of India | date = July 15, 2022 | doi= 10.1007/s12594-022-2097-8 | access-date = October 5, 2024 | last1= Vikrma | first1= Aditya | last2= Sandhu | first2= Har Amrit Singh | volume= 98 | issue= 7 | pages= 933–936 | bibcode= 2022JGSI...98..933V | quote = Information taken from Abstract only. Full article behind paywall. | url-access= subscription }}</ref>

==Health Facilities==
As of 2018, the number of registered doctors in the Gurdaspur district were 1,642 and registered nurses were 6,118.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://data.gov.in/resource/districtwise-registered-number-doctors-punjab-1968-2018-april-march | title=Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India | date=21 January 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://data.gov.in/resource/district-wise-registered-nurses-punjab-1968-2018-april-march | title=Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India | date=21 January 2022 }}</ref> Which means the average population served per doctor for that year was 1,058.<ref name="punjab.data.gov.in">{{cite web | url=https://punjab.data.gov.in/resource/districtwise-population-served-doctor-punjab-1968-2018-april-march | title=Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India | date=21 January 2022 }}</ref>

A report in June 2024, showed that drug addicts were being treated without the aid of a [[psychiatrist]] at the Red Cross de-addiction center at Gurdaspur, as the position of psychiatrist was empty at that time.<ref name = auto1/>

The table given below shows the population served per doctor in Gurdaspur district, by years.<ref name="punjab.data.gov.in"/>

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+Population served per doctor in Gurdaspur district by years<ref name="punjab.data.gov.in"/>
!Year!! Population!!Year!! Population
|-
|2018||1,058||2000||2,490
|-
|2012||1,671||1999||2,382
|-
|2010||1,845||1998||2,377
|-
|2008||2,091||1997||2,441
|-
|2007||2,108||1996||2,536
|-
|2006||1,973||1995||2,558
|-
|2005||2,228||1994||2,598
|-
|2004||2,408||1993||3,019
|-
|2003||2,478||1992||2,043
|-
|2002||2,452||1991||2,806
|-
|2001||2,547||1990||2,986
|}

==See also==
*[[Gurdaspur district]]
*[[Health in Punjab, India]]
*[[Women in Punjab, India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Health in Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Gurdaspur district]]

Health in Gurdaspur district - Revision history

Flash255: creating new location