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	The city has been mentioned by its various names, which signify its ever-changing milieu, be it one of its ancient names, ''Gangadwar'' (गंगाद्वार), the 'Gateway of the [[Ganges]]' or its transition to the recent name of Hardwar, which finally gave way to the modern name of this city, Haridwar.		The city has been mentioned by its various names, which signify its ever-changing milieu, be it one of its ancient names, ''Gangadwar'' (गंगाद्वार), the 'Gateway of the [[Ganges]]' or its transition to the recent name of Hardwar, which finally gave way to the modern name of this city, Haridwar.

	Also find mention are the neighbouring areas of [[Kankhal]] (कनखल) and Mayapur (मायापुर), and in some places along with other Panch Tirthas in the region, namely - ''Gangadwara, Kushwart, Kankhal, Bilwa Teerth'' ([[Mansa Devi Temple, Haridwar\|Mansa Devi Temple]]) ''and Neel Parvat'' ([[Chandi Devi Temple, Haridwar\|Chandi Devi Temple]]),<ref>[http://www.asiarooms.com/travel-guide/india/popular-india-destinations/haridwar.html Travel guide Haridwar]</ref><ref name="info">[http://www.indiainfoweb.com/uttranchal/kankhal/ Kankhal] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122051321/http://www.indiainfoweb.com/uttranchal/kankhal/ \|date=22 November 2008 }} www.indiainfoweb.com.</ref> all of which, lie within the present municipal city of [[Haridwar]].		Also find mention are the neighbouring areas of [[Kankhal]] (कनखल) and Mayapur (मायापुर), and in some places along with other Panch Tirthas in the region, namely - ''Gangadwara, Kushwart, Kankhal, Bilwa Teerth'' ([[Mansa Devi Temple, Haridwar\|Mansa Devi Temple]]) ''and Neel Parvat'' ([[Chandi Devi Temple, Haridwar\|Chandi Devi Temple]]),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080113235601/http://www.asiarooms.com/travel-guide/india/popular-india-destinations/haridwar.html Travel guide Haridwar]</ref><ref name="info">[http://www.indiainfoweb.com/uttranchal/kankhal/ Kankhal] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122051321/http://www.indiainfoweb.com/uttranchal/kankhal/ \|date=22 November 2008 }} www.indiainfoweb.com.</ref> all of which, lie within the present municipal city of [[Haridwar]].

	{{Contains special characters\|Indic}}		{{Contains special characters\|Indic}}

>SdkbBot: /* Mahabharata */removed erroneous space

2021-06-04T17:52:28Z

Mahabharata: removed erroneous space

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
[[File:Haridwar from opposite bank of the Ganges, 1866.jpg|290px|thumb|Haridwar from opposite bank of the Ganges, 1866]]

'''[[Haridwar]]''' ({{lang-hi|हरिद्वार}}) finds mention in numerous [[scripture]]s ([[religious text]]s) and manuscripts of antiquity, as well as in various historical texts of the recent past. Its significance is also enhanced by the fact that it has been hosting, the famous [[Haridwar Kumbh Mela|Kumbh Mela]], every 12 years, since time immemorial, wherein thousands of people from all over the country take part, and with whom many stories of its stories have travelled far and wide, and survived in distant lands as a part of the collective oral history of the city.

The city has been mentioned by its various names, which signify its ever-changing milieu, be it one of its ancient names, ''Gangadwar'' (गंगाद्वार), the 'Gateway of the [[Ganges]]' or its transition to the recent name of Hardwar, which finally gave way to the modern name of this city, Haridwar.

Also find mention are the neighbouring areas of [[Kankhal]] (कनखल) and Mayapur (मायापुर), and in some places along with other Panch Tirthas in the region, namely - ''Gangadwara, Kushwart, Kankhal, Bilwa Teerth'' ([[Mansa Devi Temple, Haridwar|Mansa Devi Temple]]) ''and Neel Parvat'' ([[Chandi Devi Temple, Haridwar|Chandi Devi Temple]]),<ref>[http://www.asiarooms.com/travel-guide/india/popular-india-destinations/haridwar.html Travel guide Haridwar]</ref><ref name="info">[http://www.indiainfoweb.com/uttranchal/kankhal/ Kankhal] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122051321/http://www.indiainfoweb.com/uttranchal/kankhal/ |date=22 November 2008 }} www.indiainfoweb.com.</ref> all of which, lie within the present municipal city of [[Haridwar]].

{{Contains special characters|Indic}}

==Ancient scriptures==

===Devi Bhagawatam===
* "[[Kamarupa]], Hardwar ([[Haridwar]]), Kedara, [[Mahur, Maharashtra|Matripura]] (in [[Sahyadri|Sahyadri mountains]]), the banks of the river [[Saraswati river|Saraswati]], the holy land [[Brindaban]], [[Godavari]], [[Kausiki]] ([[Koshi River]]), [[Triveni Sangam|Triveni]] ([[Allahabad]]), and the [[Himalayas]] are all famous places of pilgrimages. Those who willingly accept gifts in these sacred places are said to be ''Tirthapratigrahis'' (the acceptors of the gifts in the [[Tirtha (Hinduism)|Tirtha]]). These Tirthaprathigrahis go in the end to Kumbhipaka hell."
-- [[Devi Bhagawatam]], The Ninth Book, Chapter XXXIV: On the description of the various hells, ''p. 939''.<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/db/bk09ch34.htm ''Devi Bhagawatam'', The Ninth Book, Chapter XXXIV: On the description of the various hells, ''p. 939''] ''[[Devi Bhagawatam]]'', tr. by Swami Vijnanananda, (1921–22).</ref>

===Ramayana===

At the gates of Gangá (''Gangadwara'') 
[[Daksha]] held his feast; 
Called the gods unto it, 
Greatest as the least. - ''Valmiki Ramayana, Ravan Doomed, Section XIII. 545:2''.<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rama/ry502.htm#fr_1062 RÁMÁYAN OF VÁLMÍKI] [[Ramayana]], translation by [[Ralph T. H. Griffith]], M. A., [1870–1874]. Ravan Doomed, Section XIII. 545:2</ref>

===Mahabharata===

* [[Bhishma]] recounts ‘Gangadwara’ as ‘a scared spot on earth’, to [[Vaisampayana]] - ''The Mahabharata, Anusasana Parva: Section CLXV'' <ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m13/m13b130.htm Bhishma] [[Mahabharata|The Mahabharata]], translated by [[Kisari Mohan Ganguli]] (1883–1896), Book 13: Anusasana Parva: Section CLXV, p 390.</ref>
* "O Lord of earth, ''Gangadwara'', and the well-known woods of Saindhava which are sacred and inhabited by the regenerate ones." - ''The Mahabharata, Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section LXXXIX'' <ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03089.htm Gangadwara] [[Mahabharata|The Mahabharata]], translated by [[Kisari Mohan Ganguli]] (1883–1896), Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section LXXXIX, p. 202-203.</ref>

{{Rquote|right|"Bathing in ''Gangadwara'' (Haridwar) and ''Kusavarta''...as also in ''Kankhala'', one is sure to become cleansed of all one's sins and then ascend to heaven."<ref name="maha">[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m13/m13a025.htm Bathing in ''Gangadwara''….. as also in ''Kankhala''] [[Mahabharata|The Mahabharata]] translated by [[Kisari Mohan Ganguli]] (1883–1896], Book 13: Anusasanika Parva: Section XXV, p. 130.</ref> -- [[Mahabharata|The Mahabharata]], Book 13: Anusasanika Parva: Section XXV, p. 130.}}

* O [[Yudhishthira]], the spot where [[Ganges|Ganga]] rusheth past, cleaving the foremost of mountains which is frequented by [[Gandharvas]] and [[Yakshas]] and [[Rakshasas]] and [[Apsaras]], and inhabited by hunters, and [[Kinnaras]], is called ''Gangadwara''. O king, [[Sanatkumara]] regardeth that spot visited by [[Brahmarshi]]s, as also the [[Tirtha (Hinduism)|Tirtha]] [[Kankhal|Kanakhala]] (that is near to it), as sacred. - ''The Mahabharata, Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section XC.''.<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03090.htm Yudhishthira] [[Mahabharata|The Mahabharata]], translated by [[Kisari Mohan Ganguli]] (1883–1896), Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section XC, p 204.</ref>
* [[Agastya]] Rishi did penance at ''Gangadwara'', with the help of his dutiful wife, ''[[Lopamudra]]'' (the princess of [[Vidharba]]). - ''The Mahabharata, Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section XCVII'' <ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03097.htm Lopamudra] [[Mahabharata|The Mahabharata]], translated by [[Kisari Mohan Ganguli]] (1883–1896), Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section XCVII.</ref>

===Vayu Purana===
[[File:Red tikka powder.jpg|right|200px|thumb|[[Sindoor]] powder (vermilion) popular amongst pilgrims to the city.]]
* '''Sacrifice of [[Daksha]]''' - "In former times, Daksha commenced a holy sacrifice on the side of Himaván, at the sacred spot ''Gangadwara'', frequented by the [[Rishi]]s. The gods, desirous of assisting at this solemn rite, came, with [[Indra]] at their head, to [[Shiva|Mahadeva]], and intimated their purpose; and having received his permission, departed in their splendid chariots to ''Gangadwára'', as tradition reports.” - Vayu Purana, p. 62.<ref name="Vishnu">[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/vp/vp043.htm Vishnu Purana] SACRIFICE OF DAKSHA (From the [[Vayu Purana]].) The Vishnu Purana, translated by [[Horace Hayman Wilson]], 1840. '''p. 62''', "In former times... 62:2
Gangadwára, the place where the Ganges descends to the plains--or Haridwar, as it is more usually termed--is usually specified as the scene of action, The Linga is more precise, calling it Kanakhala, which is the village still called Kankhal, near Haridwar (Megha Dúta, p. 63 p. 59).</ref>

===Nilamata Purana===
''98-99''. 0 king, (he visited also) the Bhrgutunga, the Visala, Kubjamra, the Raivataka, Kus'avarta at ''Gangadvara'', Bilvaka, the mountain Nila, the holy place Kanakhala and other sacred places.<ref>[http://www.philosophy.ru/library/asiatica/indica/purana/nilamata_purana.html The Nilamata Purana Verses 1-100] Dr. Ved Kumari, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, Srinagar, Verse 98-99.</ref>
{{Portal|Hinduism}}

==References==
{{Wikisource|The Mahabharata/Book 1: Adi Parva/Section LXV}}
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Haridwar In Scriptures}}
[[Category:Haridwar]]
[[Category:History of Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Hindu texts]]

Haridwar in scriptures - Revision history

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