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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Haridas
| image = Haridas 1944.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Sundar Rao Nadkarni]]
| writer = Ilangovan
| starring = [[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]] [[T. R. Rajakumari]] [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]]
| producer = Rayal Talkie Distributors
| distributor =
| music = [[Papanasam Sivan]] G. Ramanathan
| cinematography = Adi Irani T. Muthuswamy
| editing = [[Sundar Rao Nadkarni]]
| released = {{Film date|1944|10|16|df=yes}}
| runtime = 117 minutes
| gross =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Haridas''''' is a 1944 [[Tamil language]] film directed by [[Sundar Rao Nadkarni]] and starring [[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]], [[T. R. Rajakumari]] and [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]].

It holds the record of being the second longest-running Tamil film at a single theatre for 784 days. First being ''[[Chandramukhi]]'' running for a astounding 890 days.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}} [[IBN Live]] included ''Haridas'' in its list of 100 greatest Indian films of all time.<ref name="ibnlive">{{Cite web |title=100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200-88.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425235225/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200-88.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 April 2013 |access-date=6 May 2013 |publisher=[[IBN Live]]}}</ref> The film was initially released in black and white with just one scene in colour, which was manually colored by studio technicians. The film was re-released with full colour in 1946.{{cn|date=May 2023}} It was the last film of M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar before his two year imprisonment due to the [[Lakshmikanthan murder case]].{{cn|date=May 2023}}

== Plot ==
Haridas (Thyagaraja Bhagavathar) is a vain individual who spends his life in luxury and lust, ignoring his parents for his wife (Vasanthakokilam), and ignoring his wife for a courtesan (T. R. Rajakumari). But when his wealth is appropriated by the courtesan, he realizes life's realities, reforms and spends the rest of his days serving his parents and God.

== Cast ==
Cast according to the song book:
{{Col-begin|width=60%}}
{{col-break|width=50%}}
;Male
* [[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]] as Haridas
* P. B. Rangachari as Mahamunivar
* T. E. K. Achariar as Haridas's Father
* Annaji Rao as Lakshmi's Father
* S. R. Krishna Iyengar as Kannan
* [[N. S. Krishnan]] as Zamindar
* P. R. Rajagopala Iyer as Head Villager
* P. Ramaiah Sastri as Chettiar
* T. R. Ramasamy as Madhavi Das
{{col-break|width=50%}}
;Female
* [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]] as Lakshmi, Haridas's Wife
* [[T. R. Rajakumari]] as Ramba (Dasi)
* M. A. Radha Bai as Harida's Mother
* [[T. A. Mathuram]] as Sarada, Ramba's Cook
* [[Harini (Kannada actress)|Baby Harini]] as Krishnan
* [[Pandari Bai]]
{{col-end}}

== Production ==
''Haridas'' was directed by Sundar Rao Nadkarni, a [[Marathi people|Marathi]] film director, and produced by Rayal Talkie Distributors, a Madurai based Textile Yarn and Dye merchants at [[Central Studios]] in Coimbatore.<ref name="kovaimetro.in">{{cite web | url=https://www.kovaimetro.in/index.php/2018/12/08/798/ | title=Haridas Created in Coimbatore Turned a Magnum Opus for MKT Bhagavathar | date=8 December 2018 }}</ref> The film was adapted from the book ''Sri Krishna Vijayam'' by Elangovan.{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=56}} It was based on the story of the life of a poet-saint called Haridas.{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=56}}<ref name="bhagavathar_bio1">{{Cite web |title=Filmography of M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar Page 1 |url=http://raja1630.tripod.com/mktb/id2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704184423/http://raja1630.tripod.com/mktb/id2.html |archive-date=4 July 2008 |access-date=2008-05-17 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The role of Haridas was played by M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar, who was the highest-paid actor in the Tamil film industry at the time.<ref name="F">{{Cite book |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nOZkAAAAMAAJ |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |publisher=British Film Institute |year=1994 |isbn=0-85170-455-7 |pages=57 }}</ref> It was very short (10,994 Feet{{Sfn|Anandan|2004|pages=28.35}}) compared to other films from the same period.{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=57}} Featuring a number of melodious songs sung by Bhagavathar, the film was released on [[Diwali]] (16 October) 1944.<ref name="randorguyblog">{{Cite web |last=Randor Guy |title=From Silents to Sivaji Ganesan – A Lookback |url=https://southasiacontactgroupachieve.blogspot.com/2008/01/southasiacontact-randor-guy-tamil.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523121823/http://southasiacontactgroupachieve.blogspot.com/2008/01/southasiacontact-randor-guy-tamil.html  |archive-date=2008-05-23 |access-date=2008-05-17}}</ref> Classical musician [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]], who was often compared to [[M. S. Subbulakshmi]] as a singer, played the role of Haridas' wife.<ref name="randorguyblog" />{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=57}} The film also marked the debut of renowned Tamil actress [[Pandari Bai]].{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=57}}<ref name="pandaribai">{{Cite news |last=Guy |first=Randor |date=14 February 2003 |title=Actress who glowed with inner beauty |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/07/28/stories/2006072802680100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523110401/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/07/28/stories/2006072802680100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 May 2008 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2008-05-17}}</ref> The comedic duo of [[N. S. Krishnan]] and T. A. Mathuram were cast in this film.<ref name="A">{{Cite news |last=Guy |first=Randor |author-link=Randor Guy |date=11 July 2008 |title=Haridas 1944 |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/haridas-1944/article3023110.ece |url-status=live |access-date=14 November 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201114115554/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/haridas-1944/article3023110.ece |archive-date=14 November 2020}}</ref> The film was shot at [[Central Studios]], Coimbatore.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Raghavan|first=Nikhil|date=2014-05-24|title=Coimbatore's celluloid connection|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/coimbatores-celluloid-connection/article6044541.ece|access-date=2020-11-14|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jeshi|first=K.|date=2014-03-20|title=Celluloid stories|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/celluloid-stories/article5810184.ece|access-date=2020-11-14|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="kovaimetro.in"/>

[[File:Haridass 1944 film 2.jpg|thumb|280px|right|upright| Upper: [[T. R. Rajakumari]] and [[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]] Lower: [[N. S. Krishnan]] and T. A. Mathuram]]

== Soundtrack ==
All songs in this film became hits. The song "[[Manmadha Leelayai Vendrar Undo]]", based on [[Charukesi]] raga,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=3 February 2012 |title=A Raga's Journey — The charm of Charukesi |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-the-charm-of-charukesi/article2857091.ece |access-date=8 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911094943/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-the-charm-of-charukesi/article2857091.ece |archive-date=11 September 2019}}</ref> celebrates erotic love and has become an enduring hit, with the phrase entering every day [[Tamil language|Tamil]] usage. Papanasam Sivan was the composer and G. Ramanathan was in charge of the orchestration. A partial list of songs from ''Haridas'':

Two songs, sung by [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]] ('Enadhu Manam Thulli Vilaiyaaduthe' and 'Kannaa Vaa') were recorded by HMV distinct from the film version of these songs and were released with black label. (See External links for link)
{{Track listing
| all_writing =
| lyrics9 = Papanasam Sivan
| extra9 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| extra10 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| extra11 = N. C. Vasanthakokilam
| extra12 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| lyrics1 = [[Papanasam Sivan]]
| lyrics2 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics3 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics5 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics4 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics7 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics8 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics11 = Papanasam Sivan
| extra7 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| lyrics10 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics12 = Papanasam Sivan
| lyrics6 = Papanasam Sivan
| length12 = 2:43
| length11 = 3:20
| title11 = Enadhuyir Nadhar
| title12 = Ennudal Thanil
| title13 = Kanna Vaa Manivanna Vaa
| lyrics13 = Papanasam Sivan
| extra13 = [[N. C. Vasanthakokilam]]
| length13 = 2:59
| title14 = Enathu Manam Thulli
| lyrics14 = Papanasam Sivan
| extra14 = N. C. Vasanthakokilam
| length14 = 2:40
| extra8 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| extra6 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| title1 = [[Manmadha Leelayai Vendrar Undo]]
| length7 = 2:30
| length1 = 4:37
| title2 = Vaazhvil Oru Thirunaal
| length2 = 2:46
| title3 = Krishnaa Mukunda Muraree
| length3 = 3:21
| title4 = Annaiyum Thanthaiyum
| length4 = 3:17
| title5 = Nijamma Idhu Nijamma
| length5 = 2:15
| title6 = Kadhiravan Udhayam
| length6 = 2:45
| title7 = Ullam Kavarum En Paavai
| title8 = Natanam Innum Aadanam
| extra5 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| length8 = --
| title9 = Ennalum Indha
| length9 = --
| title10 = Thottadharkellam
| length10 = --
| total_length =
| all_lyrics = Papanasam Sivan
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| extra1 = [[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]]
| extra2 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| extra3 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| extra4 = M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar
| title15 = Kaavalai Tharum
| extra15 = [[N. S. Krishnan]]. [[T. A. Mathuram]]
| lyrics15 = Papanasam Sivan
| length15 = 2:55
| title16 = Kathathaikku
| length16 = 1:50
| extra16 = Unknown
| lyrics16 = Papanasam Sivan
}}

== Reception ==
''Haridas'' hit the theatres on [[Diwali]] (16 October) 1944. It was a huge success and ran for three consecutive Diwalis at the Sun Theatres in Broadway, [[Madras]].{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=57}}{{Sfn|Pillai|2015|pages=92}} Across theatres it had an uninterrupted theatrical run of 133 weeks.{{Sfn|Thoraval|2000|pages=38}} With the profits earned from the film, the producers established a knitting company in [[Madurai]].<ref name="bhagavathar_bio1" /> Bhagavathar became the Tamil cinema industry's highest paid star.{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=57}}<ref name="bhagavathar_bio1" /> However, he was not able to enjoy his success as he was arrested in November 1944 as a suspect in the [[Lakshmikanthan murder case]].{{Sfn|Dhananjayan|2014|pages=57}}<ref name="A" /> [[IBN Live]] included the film in its list of 100 greatest Indian films of all time.<ref name="ibnlive" />

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb title|0245145|Haridas}}
* {{Cite web |title=Video of the 'Manmathan Leelayil Vendrar Undo' song from Haridas |website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lt3MRCvAtao}} (In public domain in India)
* {{Cite web |title=Video of 'Krishna Mukunda Murare' song from Haridas |website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LZGwwdGvAA}} (In public domain in India)
* {{Cite web |title=Video of 'Annaiyum Thanthaiyum Thaane' song from Haridas |website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsJ-TDXJgIQ}} (In public domain in India)
* {{Cite web |title=Video of 'Ennudal Thanil' song from Haridas |website = [[YouTube]]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNS_KtnKew}} (In public domain in India)
* {{youTube|KESHeEnJW-k|Kannaa Vaa}} - Sung by N. C. Vasanthakokilam
* {{youTube|_5H96hirBs0|Enadhu Manam Thulli Vilaiyaduthe}} - Sung by N. C. Vasanthakokilum

== Bibliography ==
*{{Cite book |last=Anandan |first=Film News |title=Sadhanaigal padaitha Tamil Thiraipada Varalaaru |publisher=Sivagami Publications |year=2004 |location=Chennai |pages=28.35, 33:2 |language=Tamil |author-link=Film News Anandan}}
*{{Cite book |last=Baskaran |first=S. Theodore |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PhFlAAAAMAAJ |title=The eye of the serpent: an introduction to Tamil cinema |publisher=East West Books |year=1996 |location=Chennai |pages=46 |author-link=S. Theodore Baskaran}}
*{{Cite book |last=Dhananjayan |first=G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e07vBwAAQBAJ |title=Pride of Tamil Cinema: 1931 to 2013 |date=2014 |publisher=Blue Ocean Publishers |author-link=G. Dhananjayan }}{{Dead link|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IP1tAAAAMAAJ |title=Limca book of records |publisher=Bisleri Beverages Ltd |year=1996}}
*{{Cite book |last=Pillai |first=Swarnavel Eswaran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HreICwAAQBAJ |title=Madras Studios: Narrative, Genre, and Ideology in Tamil Cinema |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE Publications]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-93-5150-212-8 }}
*{{Cite book |last=Thoraval |first=Yves |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-OpkAAAAMAAJ |title=The cinemas of India |publisher=Macmillan |year=2000 |isbn=0-333-93410-5 |location=India |pages=38 }}

[[Category:1944 films]]
[[Category:Indian biographical films]]
[[Category:1944 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1944 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films scored by G. Ramanathan]]
[[Category:1940s biographical films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Papanasam Sivan]]
[[Category:Films directed by Sundar Rao Nadkarni]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Haridas (1944 film) - Revision history

Samyakk clothing: Made new entry