Hannah Billig - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 12:46, 22 August 2022
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	{{short description\|English medical doctor}}		{{short description\|English medical doctor}}
	{{More citations needed\|date=January ~~2022~~}}		{{More citations needed\|date=January 2017}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}
	[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg\|thumb\|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]		[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg\|thumb\|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]
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	==Childhood==		==Childhood==
	Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine\|1936]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 \|url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs \|website=Jewish Telegraph Agency \|accessdate=29 July ~~2022~~}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|archive-date=24 December 2012\|title=Dr Hannah Billig \| East End Talking }}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.		Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine\|1936]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 \|url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs \|website=Jewish Telegraph Agency \|accessdate=29 July 2020}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|archive-date=24 December 2012\|title=Dr Hannah Billig \| East End Talking }}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.

	==Early medical career==		==Early medical career==

Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

2022-08-22T07:16:44Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 12:46, 22 August 2022
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	{{short description\|English medical doctor}}		{{short description\|English medical doctor}}
	{{More citations needed\|date=January ~~2017~~}}		{{More citations needed\|date=January 2022}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}
	[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg\|thumb\|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]		[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg\|thumb\|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]
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	==Childhood==		==Childhood==
	Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine\|1936]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 \|url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs \|website=Jewish Telegraph Agency \|accessdate=29 July ~~2020~~}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|archive-date=24 December 2012}}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.		Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine\|1936]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 \|url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs \|website=Jewish Telegraph Agency \|accessdate=29 July 2022}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|archive-date=24 December 2012\|title=Dr Hannah Billig \| East End Talking }}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.

	==Early medical career==		==Early medical career==

UpdateBot at 22:24, 26 May 2022

2022-05-26T22:24:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:54, 27 May 2022
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	{{short description\|English medical doctor}}		{{short description\|English medical doctor}}
	{{More citations needed\|date=January 2017}}		{{More citations needed\|date=January 2017}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~April 2012~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2022}}
	[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg\|thumb\|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]		[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg\|thumb\|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]
	'''Hannah Billig''', {{post-nominals\|country=GBR\|MBE\|GM\|zize=100%}} (4 October 1901 – 11 July 1987) was a British doctor who worked in the [[East End of London]]. Billig was popular among her patients and her exceptional medical work during the Second World War earned her honours and awards, as well as the nickname "The Angel of Cable Street". After the war, she resumed her medical practice on Cable Street before retiring to Israel, continuing her medical work there until her death.		'''Hannah Billig''', {{post-nominals\|country=GBR\|MBE\|GM\|zize=100%}} (4 October 1901 – 11 July 1987) was a British medical doctor who worked in the [[East End of London]]. Billig was popular among her patients and her exceptional medical work during the Second World War earned her honours and awards, as well as the nickname "The Angel of Cable Street". After the war, she resumed her medical practice on Cable Street before retiring to Israel, continuing her medical work there until her death.

	==Childhood==		==Childhood==
	Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine\|1936]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 \|url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs \|website=Jewish Telegraph Agency \|accessdate=29 July 2020}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://archive.is/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|archive-date=24 December 2012~~\|df=dmy-all~~}}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.		Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine\|1936]].<ref>{{cite web \|title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 \|url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs \|website=Jewish Telegraph Agency \|accessdate=29 July 2020}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig\|archive-date=24 December 2012}}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.

	==Early medical career==		==Early medical career==
	[[File:Dr Hannah Billig GM MBE - 198 Cable Street Stepney London E1.jpg\|thumb\|198, Cable Street, Billig's surgery and home]]		[[File:Dr Hannah Billig GM MBE - 198 Cable Street Stepney London E1.jpg\|thumb\|198, Cable Street, Billig's surgery and home]]
	Billig won a scholarship to the [[University of London]] to read medicine. She trained at the [[Royal Free Hospital]] and the [[Royal London Hospital]], and qualified as a doctor in 1925. She worked for two years at the [[Jewish Maternity Hospital]] in Underwood Street. In 1927, she set up a small clinic near [[Cable Street]], moving her surgery in 1935 round the corner to a Georgian townhouse at 198, Cable Street, where a [[blue plaque]] commemorates her work. Billig was also on call as a police surgeon which meant she often had to leave in the middle of whatever she was doing, even surgery. She used to cycle to her patients, with her black bag; later she drove a [[Morris Cowley]] car. Billig was fond of children, encouraging them to bring books for her to read to them and letting some carry her doctor bag - which was considered a great honour by the children.<ref name="auto"/>		Billig won a scholarship to the [[University of London]] to read medicine. She trained at the [[Royal Free Hospital]] and the [[Royal London Hospital]], and qualified as a doctor in 1925. She worked for two years at the [[Jewish Maternity Hospital]] in Underwood Street. In 1927, she set up a small clinic near [[Cable Street]], moving her surgery in 1935 round the corner to a Georgian townhouse at 198, Cable Street, where a [[blue plaque]] commemorates her work. Billig was also on call as a police surgeon which meant she often had to leave in the middle of whatever she was doing, even surgery. She used to cycle to her patients, with her black bag; later she drove a [[Morris Cowley]] car. Billig was fond of children, encouraging them to bring books for her to read to them and letting some carry her doctor bag – which was considered a great honour by the children.<ref name="auto"/>

	Her daily schedule was based around surgeries in the morning and evening, home visits in the afternoon and the occasional night visit for patients giving birth or falling ill in the middle of the night. The area she was based in was poor and people had trouble affording the consultation and medicine fees. There was not a national health service so it was common for people to delay calling on a doctor until their symptoms were extremely serious.<ref name="auto"/>		Her daily schedule was based around surgeries in the morning and evening, home visits in the afternoon and the occasional night visit for patients giving birth or falling ill in the middle of the night. The area she was based in was poor and people had trouble affording the consultation and medicine fees. There was not a national health service so it was common for people to delay calling on a doctor until their symptoms were extremely serious.<ref name="auto"/>
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	[[Category:Recipients of the George Medal]]		[[Category:Recipients of the George Medal]]
	[[Category:Alumni of the London Hospital Medical College]]		[[Category:Alumni of the London Hospital Medical College]]
	~~[[Category:Disease-related deaths in Israel]]~~
	[[Category:British emigrants to Israel]]		[[Category:British emigrants to Israel]]
	[[Category:1901 births]]		[[Category:1901 births]]

>Scorpions13256: Copying from Category:20th-century English women to Category:20th-century English people non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot

2021-05-30T16:32:51Z

Copying from Category:20th-century English women to Category:20th-century English people non-diffusing subcategory using Cat-a-lot

New page

{{short description|English medical doctor}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}
[[File:Hannah Billig blue plaque.jpg|thumb|Hannah Billig's blue plaque on 198, Cable Street]]
'''Hannah Billig''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|MBE|GM|zize=100%}} (4 October 1901 – 11 July 1987) was a British doctor who worked in the [[East End of London]]. Billig was popular among her patients and her exceptional medical work during the Second World War earned her honours and awards, as well as the nickname "The Angel of Cable Street". After the war, she resumed her medical practice on Cable Street before retiring to Israel, continuing her medical work there until her death.

==Childhood==
Billig was born at 41 [[Hanbury Street]], [[Spitalfields]], in the [[East End of London]], and grew up around [[Brick Lane]] where Jewish friends had taken them in. Her parents, Barnett and Milly Billig, were refugees from Russia, escaping from anti-Jewish [[pogrom]]s. The Billig family had six children, four of which became doctors. Her sister was a nurse and a brother Levi was an oriental studies scholar who was shot dead in [[Jerusalem]] in [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine|1936]].<ref>{{cite web |title=3 Jews, Including Hebrew U. Teacher, Slain by Arabs; 23 Aug 1936 |url=https://www.jta.org/1936/08/23/archive/3-jews-including-hebrew-u-teacher-slain-by-arabs |website=Jewish Telegraph Agency |accessdate=29 July 2020}}</ref> Parents Barnett and Milly encouraged their children to spend their time reading instead of playing in the streets. Her mother stayed home with the children, managing the household, while Barnett worked as a newsagent rolling cigarettes and eventually as a cigar roller.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.is/20121224004021/http://www.eastendtalking.org.uk/ourhistory/dr-hannah-billig|archive-date=24 December 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> At the age of 11, Billig received a scholarship to attend Myrdle Street Central School in [[Stepney]]. She remained at the top of her class which eventually earned her a scholarship to London University.

==Early medical career==
[[File:Dr Hannah Billig GM MBE - 198 Cable Street Stepney London E1.jpg|thumb|198, Cable Street, Billig's surgery and home]]
Billig won a scholarship to the [[University of London]] to read medicine. She trained at the [[Royal Free Hospital]] and the [[Royal London Hospital]], and qualified as a doctor in 1925. She worked for two years at the [[Jewish Maternity Hospital]] in Underwood Street. In 1927, she set up a small clinic near [[Cable Street]], moving her surgery in 1935 round the corner to a Georgian townhouse at 198, Cable Street, where a [[blue plaque]] commemorates her work. Billig was also on call as a police surgeon which meant she often had to leave in the middle of whatever she was doing, even surgery. She used to cycle to her patients, with her black bag; later she drove a [[Morris Cowley]] car. Billig was fond of children, encouraging them to bring books for her to read to them and letting some carry her doctor bag - which was considered a great honour by the children.<ref name="auto"/>

Her daily schedule was based around surgeries in the morning and evening, home visits in the afternoon and the occasional night visit for patients giving birth or falling ill in the middle of the night. The area she was based in was poor and people had trouble affording the consultation and medicine fees. There was not a national health service so it was common for people to delay calling on a doctor until their symptoms were extremely serious.<ref name="auto"/>

==Second World War and awards==
During [[the Blitz]], Billig was the doctor in charge of the air raid shelters in [[Wapping]]. During bombing raids, she tended the sick and injured in the underground shelters. On 13 March 1941, Billig was attending to residents of Orient Wharf in Wapping following a bomb blast. An explosion threw her out of the shelter and broke her ankle. After bandaging it herself, she helped to get the others out of the rubble, and cared for them through the night.<ref name="auto"/>

For her bravery, Billig was awarded the [[George Medal]].<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 35200
| date = 24 June 1941
| page = 3646
| supp = y
}}</ref> The citation read; "Hannah Billig, [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|M.B., B.S.]], Medical Practitioner, Stepney.
During an air raid Dr. Billig, although herself injured, left shelter to attend to casualties in the street. Bombs dropped within twenty yards of her but for four hours she continued to give treatment to the injured.
She showed great bravery and attention to duty, regardless of her personal safety and injuries."

In January 1943 she was commissioned in the [[Indian Medical Service]]<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 35921
| date = 26 February 1943
| page = 988
}}</ref> and posted to [[Calcutta]]. [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]] Billig was appointed [[Member of the Order of the British Empire]] (MBE) in the [[1945 New Year Honours]]<ref>{{London Gazette
| issue = 36866
| date = 29 December 1944
| page = 13
| supp = y
}}</ref> for her work in Calcutta in the aftermath of the [[Bengal famine of 1943|Bengal famine]].

==Later years and death==
Billig returned to Cable Street and worked within the new [[National Health Service]] until her retirement in 1964. In 1962, she was elected as president of the London Jewish Hospital Medical Society. She moved to [[Caesarea]] on the coast of [[Israel]] and, after learning the language well enough, she worked in Arab villages and Jewish settlements. Billig continued to work into her 80s until her health began to interfere. She died there on 11 July 1987, aged 85.<ref>{{cite journal|title=OBITUARY|date=29 August 1987|journal=British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)|volume=295|issue=6597|pages=557–558|pmc=1247468|doi = 10.1136/bmj.295.6597.557}}</ref> She never married.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons category|Hannah Billig}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Billig, Hannah}}
[[Category:20th-century English medical doctors]]
[[Category:British women in World War II]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:English Jews]]
[[Category:People from Spitalfields]]
[[Category:English women medical doctors]]
[[Category:Women in World War II]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Recipients of the George Medal]]
[[Category:Alumni of the London Hospital Medical College]]
[[Category:Disease-related deaths in Israel]]
[[Category:British emigrants to Israel]]
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century women physicians]]
[[Category:20th-century English women]]
[[Category:20th-century English people]]