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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|Aviation}}~~
	{{aircontent		{{aircontent
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Bot at 05:27, 1 November 2022

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2405:201:E021:40E1:E127:B962:6C66:3A11: /* Specifications (Dhruv) */ citation

2021-10-26T07:03:03Z

Specifications (Dhruv): citation

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{{Short description|Attack variant of the HAL Dhruv helicopter}}
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
| name = Rudra
| image = Advanced Light Helicopter ALH Rudra (cropped).jpg
| caption = ALH Rudra of [[Indian Army]] in flight
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
| type = [[Armed helicopter]]
| national origin = India
| manufacturer = [[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited]]
| designer = 
| design group = Rotary Wing Research and Design Center<ref>{{cite news |title=Rotary Wing |url=https://hal-india.co.in/Rotary%20Wing/M__326 |access-date=9 October 2021 |agency=Hindustan Aeronautics Limited}}</ref>
| first flight = 16 August 2007
| introduced = 2012
| retired =
| status = In service
| primary user = [[Indian Army]]
| more users = [[Indian Air Force]]
| produced = 2007-present
| number built = 91 (25 on order)
| developed from = [[HAL Dhruv]]
| variants with their own articles =
}}
|}

The '''HAL Rudra''', also known as '''ALH-WSI''', is an armed version of [[HAL Dhruv]] which is designed and manufactured by [[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited]] (HAL). Rudra is equipped with [[forward looking infrared]] (FLIR) and Thermal Imaging Sights Interface, a 20 mm turret gun, 70 mm rocket pods, [[anti-tank guided missile]]s and [[air-to-air missile]]s.<ref name=PiB>{{cite news|title=YEAR-END REVIEW – 2010 DRDO|url=http://www.pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=68740|access-date=31 July 2012|newspaper=Press Information Bureau}}</ref>

==Design and development==
While flight testing the [[HAL Light Combat Helicopter|Light Combat Helicopter]], a modified version of [[HAL Dhruv]], the [[Indian Army]] came to the conclusion that without making any major modifications to the Dhruv airframe, an armed variant could also be developed and delivered to the Army quickly. This variant was named ''Rudra''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Certified and ready, Indian Army to receive 1st weaponised Dhruv|url=http://www.spslandforces.com/exclusive/?id=55&h=Certified-and-ready-Indian-Army-to-receive-1st-weaponised-Dhruv|publisher=SP's Land Forces|access-date=19 May 2014}}</ref>

The Rudra underwent integration trial for armament and electro-optical systems and a final round of weapon firing trials in September 2011, which included testing of the 20-mm turret gun. The 70 mm rockets and [[MBDA Mistral]] air-to-air missiles were tested in November 2011.<ref name=DN>{{cite news|title=Indian Army to Induct Weaponized Advanced Light Helicopter "Rudra" Soon|url=http://www.defencenow.com/news/291/indian-army-to-induct-weaponized-advanced-light-helicopter-rudra-soon.html|access-date=31 July 2012|newspaper=Defence News}}</ref> The helicopter exceeded the payload and performance requirements at the height of 6 km. It has integrated sensors, weapons and [[electronic warfare]] suite, and uses an upgraded version of the glass cockpit used in the HAL Dhruv Mk.3. The sensors include stabilised day and night cameras, infrared imaging as well as laser ranging and designation.<ref name=tsm8f>{{cite news|title=India developing Agni VI|url=http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=442704&catid=36|access-date=18 February 2013|newspaper=The Statesman|date=8 February 2013}}</ref> It has an Integrated Defensive Aids Suite (IDAS) from [[Saab AB]], with electronic warfare self-protection which is fully integrated into the glass cockpit. On-board self-defence systems include radar & missile detectors, IR jammer, chaff and flare dispensers. The helicopter can be used in both unarmed and armed roles that include [[reconnaissance]], [[troop transport]], [[anti-tank warfare]] and close air support.<ref name="HAL website">{{cite news|title=Armed dhruv|url=http://www.hal-india.com/helicopter/armed%20role.pdf|access-date=31 July 2012|newspaper=HAL}}</ref>
[[File:HAL Rudra Mark 4 WSI.jpg|thumb|ALH Rudra of Indian Air Force]]
In September 2012, ground tests for the first production Rudra were completed. It featured a [[Gun turret|turret gun]], [[rockets]], [[air-to-air missiles]] and could carry [[air-to-ground missiles]] like the anti-tank helicopter-launched [[Nag (missile)#Advanced variants|Nag]]. HAL was awarded with a combined order of 76 ''Rudra''s for the Indian Army, the primary customer, and the [[Indian Air Force]] (IAF).

The [[Indian Navy]] conducted flight trials in 2012-13, and found the helicopter suitable for coastal surveillance operations. It was impressed with the capability of the Rudra's sensors to track ships at 12 and 14 km. The image quality of the sensors was described as good enough to even read the name of ships at those ranges, and the Navy was keen to order at least 20 helicopters.<ref>{{cite news|title=Navy keen on weaponised Dhruv|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/navy-keen-on-weaponised-dhruv/article4401783.ece|access-date=19 May 2014|newspaper=The Hindu|date=11 February 2013}}</ref>

==Operational history==
Initial Operational Clearance (IOC) was expected by late 2012 and deliveries of production helicopters were to start by 2013.<ref name=EW>{{cite news|title=Electronic Warfare self-protection suites ordered for 'Dhruv'|url=http://vijainder.sawfnews.com/news/55672.aspx|access-date=31 July 2012}}</ref> On 4 February 2013 during [[Aero India]], the HAL Rudra Mk-IV achieved IOC,<ref>[http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/142334/india%E2%80%99s-armed-helicopter-wins-ioc.html HAL Receives IOC for ALH Rudra] - Defense-Aerospace.com, February 4, 2013</ref> and two helicopters were handed over to the army.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/growing-indigenous-presence-at-air-show-113020700275_1.html|title=Growing indigenous presence at air show|author=Ajai Shukla|date=7 February 2013|access-date=6 February 2015}}</ref>

==Variants==
[[File:HAL Rudra at Aero India 2013.JPG|thumb|[[Army Aviation Corps (India)|Army Aviation Corps]] ALH Rudra Mark 4|alt=]]
Rudra, or ALH-WSI (Weapon Systems Integrated) has two main versions.

*'''Mark III''': This version has Electronic Warfare, countermeasures, sensors and targeting systems installed, but does not feature weapons.<ref name ='hirsch 51'>Hirschberg 2011, p. 51.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1200_ALH_touches_20000_feet.htm |title=ALH touches 20,000 feet and Cheetal 23,000 |publisher=Indiastrategic.in |access-date=2012-12-13}}</ref>
*'''Mark IV''': This version is to have a French Nexter 20 mm turret gun, Belgian 70 mm rockets, and MBDA air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, such as the anti-tank [[Nag missile|Helina]] missile.<ref name ='hirsch 51'/> All these systems have been tested individually.

==Operators==


;{{IND}}
*[[Indian Air Force]] – 16 aircraft in service. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories2087_Indian_Army_inducts_Rudras_Air_wing.htm|title=Indian Army inducts 'Rudras' into its Air Wing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304065203/http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories2087_Indian_Army_inducts_Rudras_Air_wing.htm|archive-date=2017-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/624373/india-enhance-military-flying-northeast.html|title=India to enhance military flying in Northeast|date=2017-07-24|website=Deccan Herald|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref>
*[[Army Aviation Corps (India)|Indian Army]] – 75 aircraft in service as of June 2020 with 25 more on order.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://idrw.org/despite-shortages-army-aviation-raises-tempo-in-operations-along-lac/ </ref>

== Specifications (Dhruv) ==
[[File:Turbomeca Ardiden P1220827.jpg|thumb|[[HAL/Turbomeca Shakti]] engine|alt=]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's All the World's Aircraft<ref name="jawa-1617">{{cite book|editor1-last=Jackson|editor1-first=Paul|editor2-last=Peacock|editor2-first=Lindsay|editor3-last=Bushell|editor3-first=Susan|editor4-last=Willis|editor4-first=David|editor5-last=Winchester|editor5-first=Jim|title=IHS Jane's All the World's Aircraft: Development & Production|date=2016–2017|location=Couldson|isbn=978-0710631770|page=308|chapter=India}}</ref> ''and'' HAL<ref>{{cite web |title=DHRUV |url=http://www.hal-india.com/Product_Details.aspx?Mkey=54&lKey=&CKey=24 |website=Hindustan Aeronautics Limited |access-date=22 February 2019}}</ref>
|prime units?=met

|genhide=

|crew=Two pilots
|capacity=12 passengers (14 passengers in high density seating)
|length m=15.87
|length ft=
|length in=
|length note=
|width m=3.15
|width ft=
|width in=
|width note=
|height m=4.98
|height ft=
|height in=
|height note=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=4445
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=5800
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=for Mk IV
|fuel capacity={{cvt|1055|kg|lb}}
|more general=

|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[HAL/Turbomeca Shakti]]-1H
|eng1 type=[[turboshaft]]
|eng1 kw=
|eng1 hp=
|eng1 shp=1432
|eng1 note=
|power original=
|thrust original=
|more power=

|rot number=1
|rot dia m=13.2
|rot dia ft=
|rot dia in=
|rot area sqm=136.85
|rot area sqft=
|rot area note=

|perfhide=

|max speed kmh= 280
|max speed mph= 175
|max speed kts= 151
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=
|cruise speed kmh= 245
|cruise speed mph= 153
|cruise speed kts= 132
|cruise speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=292
|never exceed speed mph= 182
|never exceed speed kts= 157
|never exceed speed note=for Mk IV
|range km=590
|range miles= 368
|range nmi= 318
|range note=for Mk IV
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km= 630
|ferry range miles= 394
|ferry range nmi= 340
|ferry range note=
|endurance=3.8 hours
|ceiling m= 6100
|ceiling ft=20000
|ceiling note=<ref>{{cite web|last1=Luthra|first1=Gulshan|last2=Rai|first2=Ranjit|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1200_ALH_touches_20000_feet.htm|title=IAF: ALH touches 20,000 feet and Cheetal 23,000|website=India Strategic|date=September 2011}}</ref>
|climb rate ms=10.33
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|disk loading kg/m2=40.19
|disk loading lb/sqft=
|disk loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=

|armament=
*1 × 20 mm [[M621 cannon]] on [[Nexter]] THL-20 turret
*1 × 7.62 mm cabin-mounted machine gun (Navy and Coast Guard version)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=KP Sanjeev |title=Indian Navy issues RFI for lease of 24 light helicopters |url=https://verticalmag.com/news/indian-navy-issues-rfi-for-lease-of-24-light-helicopters/ |access-date=26 October 2021 |publisher=Vertical |date=10 May 2021}}</ref>
*2 × 2 [[Mistral (missile)|Mistral]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Proud moment for us, says MBDA which supplied anti-ship missiles for INS Khanderi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/proud-moment-for-us-says-mbda-which-supplied-anti-ship-missiles-for-ins-khanderi/articleshow/71352098.cms |access-date=24 October 2021 |agency=PTI |publisher=The Times of India |date=28 September 2019}}</ref>
*4 × 12 [[FZ275 LGR]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bedi |first1=Rahul |title=Aero India 2019: Thales to supply rocket launchers for HAL combat helos |url=https://www.janes.com/article/86756/aero-india-2019-thales-to-supply-rocket-launchers-for-hal-combat-helos |work=Jane's Defence Weekly |issue=21 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222124917/https://www.janes.com/article/86756/aero-india-2019-thales-to-supply-rocket-launchers-for-hal-combat-helos |archive-date=22 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*4 × 2 [[Nag (missile)#HELINA / Dhruvastra|Dhruvastra]] (User trials completed, induction soon.)
*2 × torpedoes or depth charges
*4 × anti-ship missiles (planned for navy version)
|avionics=
*[[Elbit Systems|Elbit]] CoMPASS optoelectronic suite for reconnaissance and target acquisition
*RWS-300 radar warning system or LWS-310 laser warning system
*MAW-300 missile approach warning system
*[[Saab AB]] IDAS-3 self-protection suite
*BOP-L ECM dispenser
}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Aviation}}
{{aircontent
|see also=
|related=
* [[HAL Dhruv]]
* [[HAL Light Combat Helicopter]]
|similar aircraft=
* [[AgustaWestland AW169]]
* [[Bell 412]]
* [[Eurocopter EC145]]
* [[KAI LAH]]
|sequence=
|lists=
* [[List of rotorcraft]]
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|HAL Rudra}}

* [https://hal-india.co.in/Product_Details.aspx?Mkey=54&lKey=&CKey=93 Official Page]

{{HAL aircraft}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hal Dhruv}}
[[Category:HAL aircraft|Dhruv, HAL]]
[[Category:2000s Indian helicopters]]
[[Category:Military helicopters]]
[[Category:2000s Indian military aircraft]]
[[Category:Twin-turbine helicopters]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 2007]]

HAL Rudra - Revision history

CharliVangundy: Content refined for better accuracy

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

Bot at 05:27, 1 November 2022

2405:201:E021:40E1:E127:B962:6C66:3A11: /* Specifications (Dhruv) */ citation