Great Bath - Revision history

Aspjack: cleanup section and improved wording after review

2025-11-22T06:36:44Z

cleanup section and improved wording after review

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:06, 22 November 2025
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	{{Short description\|~~Mohenjodaro~~}}		{{Short description\|Structure at the ruins of Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan}}
	{{about\|\|the structure in Bath, England\|Roman Baths (Bath)}}		{{about\|\|the structure in Bath, England\|Roman Baths (Bath)}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~July 2013~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2024}}
	[[File:Mohenjodaro Sindh.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|The Great Bath was found in 1926 during archaeological excavations]]		[[File:Mohenjodaro Sindh.jpeg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|The Great Bath was found in 1926 during archaeological excavations]]

	The '''Great Bath''' is one of the best-known structures among the ruins of the [[Harappan Civilization]] excavated at [[Mohenjo-daro]] in present-day [[Sindh]] province of [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=SD Area \|website=Ancient India \|publisher=[[British Museum]] \|url= http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/indus/explore/sd_intro_b1.html \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133435/http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/indus/explore/sd_intro_b1.html \|archive-date=3 July 2018 \|url-status= live}}</ref><ref name=EB>"[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/242946/Great-Bath Great Bath]." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 9 June 2010.</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia \|last=Tikkanen \|first=Amy \|title=Great Bath \|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] \|date=26 January 2018 \|url= https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180703164742/https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro \|archive-date=3 July 2018 \|url-status= live}}</ref> Archaeological evidence indicates that the Great Bath was built in the third millennium BCE, soon after the raising of the "citadel" mound on which it is located.<ref name=Singh>{{cite book \|last=Singh \|first=Upinder \|author-link=Upinder Singh \|title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 1100s \|publisher=Pearson Education \|year=2008 \|isbn=978-81-317-1120-0 \|location=New Delhi \|pages=149–150 \|chapter=The Harappan Civilization, c. 2600–1900 BCE \|chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA149}}</ref>		The '''Great Bath''' is one of the best-known structures among the ruins of the [[Harappan Civilization]], excavated at [[Mohenjo-daro]] in present-day [[Sindh]] province of [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=SD Area \|website=Ancient India \|publisher=[[British Museum]] \|url= http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/indus/explore/sd_intro_b1.html \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133435/http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/indus/explore/sd_intro_b1.html \|archive-date=3 July 2018 \|url-status= live}}</ref><ref name=EB>"[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/242946/Great-Bath Great Bath]." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 9 June 2010.</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia \|last=Tikkanen \|first=Amy \|title=Great Bath \|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] \|date=26 January 2018 \|url= https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro \|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180703164742/https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro \|archive-date=3 July 2018 \|url-status= live}}</ref> Archaeological evidence indicates that the Great Bath was built in the third millennium BCE, soon after the raising of the "citadel" mound on which it is located.<ref name=Singh>{{cite book \|last=Singh \|first=Upinder \|author-link=Upinder Singh \|title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 1100s \|publisher=Pearson Education \|year=2008 \|isbn=978-81-317-1120-0 \|location=New Delhi \|pages=149–150 \|chapter=The Harappan Civilization, c. 2600–1900 BCE \|chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA149}}</ref>

	==Features==		==Features of The Great Bath==
	The Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro is called the "earliest public water tank of the ancient world".<ref>Kenoyer, slide [https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro-0 8 of 90].</ref> ~~It measures approximately~~ {{convert\|12\|m\|ft\|-1}} by {{convert\|7\|m\|ft}}, with a maximum depth of {{convert\|2.4\|m\|ft\|0}}.<ref>Kenoyer, slide [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathatdawn24.html 24 of 103].</ref> Two wide staircases, one from the north and one from the south, served as the entry to the structure.<ref>Kenoyer, slide [http://www.mohenjodaro.net/greatbath25.html 25 of 103].</ref> A ledge {{convert\|1.4\|m\|ftin}} high extending the entire width of the bath is at the lower ends of these stairs. The sloping floor leads to a small outlet at the southwestern corner of the tank, connecting [[corbelled arch]] drain, which led the used water out of the bath.<ref>Kenoyer, slides [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathside29.html 29]-[https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathdrain32.html 32 of 103], outlet and corbelled drain.</ref>		The Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro is called the "earliest public water tank of the ancient world".<ref>Kenoyer, slide [https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro-0 8 of 90].</ref>{{convert\|12\|m\|ft\|-1}} by {{convert\|7\|m\|ft}}, with a maximum depth of {{convert\|2.4\|m\|ft\|0}}.<ref>Kenoyer, slide [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathatdawn24.html 24 of 103].</ref> Two wide staircases, one from the north and one from the south, served as the entry to the structure.<ref>Kenoyer, slide [http://www.mohenjodaro.net/greatbath25.html 25 of 103].</ref> A ledge {{convert\|1.4\|m\|ftin}} high extending the entire width of the bath is at the lower ends of these stairs. The sloping floor leads to a small outlet at the southwestern corner of the tank, connecting [[corbelled arch]] drain, which led the used water out of the bath.<ref>Kenoyer, slides [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathside29.html 29]-[https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathdrain32.html 32 of 103], outlet and corbelled drain.</ref>

	The floor of the tank was watertight due to finely fitted bricks laid on edge with a gypsum plaster, and the side walls were constructed in a similar manner. To make the tank even more watertight, a thick layer of [[bitumen]] (waterproof tar) was laid along the sides of the pool and presumably also on the floor. Brick colonnades were discovered on the eastern, northern and southern edges. The preserved columns had stepped edges that may have held wooden screens or window frames. Two large doors lead into the complex from the south and other access was from the north and east. A series of rooms were located along the eastern edge of the building and in one room was a well that may have supplied some of the water needed to fill the tank. Rainwater also may have been collected for the purpose, but no inlet drains have been found. It may have had a long bathing pool built with waterproof bricks.<ref name=Kenoyer>Kenoyer, slide [http://www.harappa.com/indus/8.html 8 of 90].</ref>		The floor of the tank was watertight due to finely fitted bricks laid on edge with a gypsum plaster, and the side walls were constructed in a similar manner. To make the tank even more watertight, a thick layer of [[bitumen]] (waterproof tar) was laid along the sides of the pool and presumably also on the floor. Brick colonnades were discovered on the eastern, northern and southern edges. The preserved columns had stepped edges that may have held wooden screens or window frames. Two large doors lead into the complex from the south and other access was from the north and east. A series of rooms were located along the eastern edge of the building and in one room was a well that may have supplied some of the water needed to fill the tank. Rainwater also may have been collected for the purpose, but no inlet drains have been found. It may have had a long bathing pool built with waterproof bricks.<ref name=Kenoyer>Kenoyer, slide [http://www.harappa.com/indus/8.html 8 of 90].</ref>

	<blockquote>"Most scholars~~<sup>who?</sup>~~ agree that this tank would have been used for special religious functions where water was used to purify and renew the well being of the bathers.This indicates the importance attached to ceremonial bathing in sacred tanks, pools and rivers since time immemorial." [[Jonathan Mark Kenoyer\|J. M. Kenoyer]]<ref name=Kenoyer/></blockquote>		<blockquote>"Most scholars agree that this tank would have been used for special religious functions where water was used to purify and renew the well being of the bathers. This indicates the importance attached to ceremonial bathing in sacred tanks, pools and rivers since time immemorial." [[Jonathan Mark Kenoyer\|J. M. Kenoyer]]<ref name=Kenoyer/></blockquote>

			The fresh water supply at Mohenjo-Daro was fed by a system of wells that were lined with wedge-shaped bricks.<ref name="APH">{{cite journal \|last1=Jansen \|first1=M \|title=Water Supply and Sewage Disposal at Mohenjo-Daro \|journal=Archaeology of Public Health \|date=1989 \|volume=21 \|issue=2 \|pmid=16470995 \|url=https://sleigh-munoz.co.uk/wash/Mara/History/Mojenjodaro2.pdf \|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref>

	===College of Priests===		===College of Priests===
	Across the street of The Great Bath, there was a ~~large~~ building with ~~several~~ rooms and three verandas, and two staircases leading to the roof and upper floor. ~~Considering~~ the size ~~and proximity to~~ the Great Bath, this building is ~~tentatively termed~~ as the House of Priests and labelled as "College of Priests".~~<ref name=Singh/>~~		Across the street of The Great Bath, there was a big building with multiple rooms and three verandas, and two staircases leading to the roof and upper floor. Reminding the size of
			the Great Bath, this building is mostly called as the House of Priests and labelled as "College of Priests.”

	==Gallery==		==Gallery==
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	{{refbegin}}		{{refbegin}}
	* [[Jonathan Mark Kenoyer\|Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark]]. Two sets of indexed images: ''[https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/mohenjo-daro Mohenjo-daro!]'', 103 slides. See "Great Bath, SD Area", slides [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathgranary23.html 23]-[https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathdrain32.html 32]; and ''[https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/around-indus-90-slides Around the Indus in 90 Slides]'', [https://www.harappa.com/indus/indus1.html introduction] and slides [https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro-0 8]-[https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro 9] & [https://www.harappa.com/slide/bath-area-mohenjo-daro 12]. 1995–2022. Accessed 2 July 2012, re-accessed 11 July 2022.		* [[Jonathan Mark Kenoyer\|Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark]]. Two sets of indexed images: ''[https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/mohenjo-daro Mohenjo-daro!]'', 103 slides. See "Great Bath, SD Area", slides [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathgranary23.html 23]-[https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathdrain32.html 32]; and ''[https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/around-indus-90-slides Around the Indus in 90 Slides]'', [https://www.harappa.com/indus/indus1.html introduction] and slides [https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro-0 8]-[https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro 9] & [https://www.harappa.com/slide/bath-area-mohenjo-daro 12]. 1995–2022. Accessed 2 July 2012, re-accessed 11 July 2022.
	{{refend}}		{{refend}}{{commons category\|The Great Bath of Moenjodaro}}

	~~==External links==~~


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	[[Category:Bathing]]		[[Category:Bathing]]
	[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 26th century BC]]		[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 26th century BC]]
	[[Category:Indus Valley ~~civilisation~~ sites]]		[[Category:Indus Valley Civilisation sites]]
	[[Category:Public baths]]		[[Category:Public baths]]
			[[Category:Mohenjo-daro]]

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article

2023-09-07T15:12:09Z

Created a new article

New page

{{Short description|Mohenjodaro}}
{{about||the structure in Bath, England|Roman Baths (Bath)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}
[[File:Mohenjodaro Sindh.jpeg|thumb|right|250px|The Great Bath was found in 1926 during archaeological excavations]]

The '''Great Bath''' is one of the best-known structures among the ruins of the [[Harappan Civilization]] excavated at [[Mohenjo-daro]] in present-day [[Sindh]] province of [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=SD Area |website=Ancient India |publisher=[[British Museum]] |url= http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/indus/explore/sd_intro_b1.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133435/http://www.ancientindia.co.uk/indus/explore/sd_intro_b1.html |archive-date=3 July 2018 |url-status= live}}</ref><ref name=EB>"[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/242946/Great-Bath Great Bath]." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 9 June 2010.</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Tikkanen |first=Amy |title=Great Bath |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |date=26 January 2018 |url= https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180703164742/https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro |archive-date=3 July 2018 |url-status= live}}</ref> Archaeological evidence indicates that the Great Bath was built in the third millennium BCE, soon after the raising of the "citadel" mound on which it is located.<ref name=Singh>{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Upinder |author-link=Upinder Singh |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 1100s |publisher=Pearson Education |year=2008 |isbn=978-81-317-1120-0 |location=New Delhi |pages=149–150 |chapter=The Harappan Civilization, c. 2600–1900 BCE |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA149}}</ref>

==Features==
The Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro is called the "earliest public water tank of the ancient world".<ref>Kenoyer, slide [https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro-0 8 of 90].</ref> It measures approximately {{convert|12|m|ft|-1}} by {{convert|7|m|ft}}, with a maximum depth of {{convert|2.4|m|ft|0}}.<ref>Kenoyer, slide [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathatdawn24.html 24 of 103].</ref> Two wide staircases, one from the north and one from the south, served as the entry to the structure.<ref>Kenoyer, slide [http://www.mohenjodaro.net/greatbath25.html 25 of 103].</ref> A ledge {{convert|1.4|m|ftin}} high extending the entire width of the bath is at the lower ends of these stairs. The sloping floor leads to a small outlet at the southwestern corner of the tank, connecting [[corbelled arch]] drain, which led the used water out of the bath.<ref>Kenoyer, slides [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathside29.html 29]-[https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathdrain32.html 32 of 103], outlet and corbelled drain.</ref>

The floor of the tank was watertight due to finely fitted bricks laid on edge with a gypsum plaster, and the side walls were constructed in a similar manner. To make the tank even more watertight, a thick layer of [[bitumen]] (waterproof tar) was laid along the sides of the pool and presumably also on the floor. Brick colonnades were discovered on the eastern, northern and southern edges. The preserved columns had stepped edges that may have held wooden screens or window frames. Two large doors lead into the complex from the south and other access was from the north and east. A series of rooms were located along the eastern edge of the building and in one room was a well that may have supplied some of the water needed to fill the tank. Rainwater also may have been collected for the purpose, but no inlet drains have been found. It may have had a long bathing pool built with waterproof bricks.<ref name=Kenoyer>Kenoyer, slide [http://www.harappa.com/indus/8.html 8 of 90].</ref>

<blockquote>"Most scholars<sup>who?</sup> agree that this tank would have been used for special religious functions where water was used to purify and renew the well being of the bathers.This indicates the importance attached to ceremonial bathing in sacred tanks, pools and rivers since time immemorial." [[Jonathan Mark Kenoyer|J. M. Kenoyer]]<ref name=Kenoyer/></blockquote>

===College of Priests===
Across the street of The Great Bath, there was a large building with several rooms and three verandas, and two staircases leading to the roof and upper floor. Considering the size and proximity to the Great Bath, this building is tentatively termed as the House of Priests and labelled as "College of Priests".<ref name=Singh/>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200px">
File:The Great Bath at Mohenjo-daro. Wellcome L0005461.jpg|During 1922-1927 archaeological excavations
File:The_Great_Bath_of_Moenjodaro.jpg|Explanatory sign
File:Mohenjo-daro.jpg|General view
File:Great Bath, Mohenjo-daro 20160806 JYN-03.jpg|View of tank with both staircases
File:The Great Bath of Moenjodaro by smn121-5.JPG|Staircase
File:The Great Bath of Moenjodaro by smn121-6.JPG|Masonry detail
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
* [[Jonathan Mark Kenoyer|Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark]]. Two sets of indexed images: ''[https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/mohenjo-daro Mohenjo-daro!]'', 103 slides. See "Great Bath, SD Area", slides [https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathgranary23.html 23]-[https://www.harappa.com/indus6/greatbathdrain32.html 32]; and ''[https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/around-indus-90-slides Around the Indus in 90 Slides]'', [https://www.harappa.com/indus/indus1.html introduction] and slides [https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro-0 8]-[https://www.harappa.com/slide/great-bath-mohenjo-daro 9] & [https://www.harappa.com/slide/bath-area-mohenjo-daro 12]. 1995–2022. Accessed 2 July 2012, re-accessed 11 July 2022.
{{refend}}

==External links==

{{coords|27|19|31.29|N|68|7|58.34|E|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Great Bath, Mohenjo-Daro}}
[[Category:1926 archaeological discoveries]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Sindh]]
[[Category:Bathing]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 26th century BC]]
[[Category:Indus Valley civilisation sites]]
[[Category:Public baths]]